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Physiotherapy after breast surgery
Knapová, Kristýna ; Břízová, Marie (advisor) ; Havlová, Martina (referee)
The aim of this work is to describe the issue of breast cancer surgery and the role of physiotherapy in this area. The theoretical part describes basics of breast anatomy, defines breast carcinoma, its diagnosis, risk factors, types, ways of spreading and symptoms of the disease. For the prevention and treatment of postoperative complications is crucial early and long-term physiotherapy of the patients. Next chapter describes the objectives of physiotherapy, kinesiological analysis of patients and most frequently used therapeutic techniques. The last chapter deals with the psychological aspect of therapy and confirms the significant influence of psychic on the results of treatment and on the quality of life of the patients. The practical part aims to analyze the physical condition of the patients after breast surgery and to evaluate the effect of physiotherapy on the course of treatment and prevention of postoperative complications. The second objective was to determine the level of awareness of breast cancer patients and possible postoperative complications. In order to meet the goals, the case studies of two patients who underwent a breast rescue operation with several sub- nodal nodes were processed. At the same time, both patients were handed over and explained the educational material...
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Women awareness of breast cancer prevention
Červinková, Barbora ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Kulhavá, Miluše (referee)
Prevention of breast cancer using the form of mammographic screening is one of the most important factors involved in early diagnosis and reduction of mortality with this type of cancer, which is the most frequently occurring cancer in women in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study was to investigate the previous use of screening and preventative measures by women who subsequently were diagnosed by breast cancer. The survey was conducted through a voluntary, anonymous questionnaire survey of 166 randomly selected patients attending an outpatient clinic for patients with breast CA. Main hypotheses of bachelor thesis: 1) More than 50% of the women tested were informed of the recommendation to regularly take part in screening examinations carried out as a part of the breast cancer screening (mammography examination). 2) More than 50% of the females tested regularly (repeatedly) participated in screening examination carried out as a part of the breast cancer screening (mammography examination). 3) More than 50% of the females tested underwent breast examination outside of the breast screening (sonography). 4) More than 50% of the tested females from the group regularly performed self- examination of the breasts (palpation examination). The established hypotheses were not met. However, the result is...
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Possible ways how to affect lymphoedema after breast ablation in physiotherapy
JANÍKOVÁ, Anna
This thessis focuses on breast carcinoma which is a serious illness. I am devoting to problematics of lymphedema resulting from breast ablation. The aim of theoretical part of this thessis is to describe the problematics of this illness. I am focusing on the treatment complications, especially lymphedema which is very common complication. Practical part of this thessis was realized on observing the lymphedema of patiens according to physical excercise and another possibilities of treatment. The metodics of practical part was based on qualitative research. The research was carried out on cooperation with three patiens who went through surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. All three patinets went througt treatment course two or three years ago and were selected considerng to surgery range. I used the methods of interview, anamnesis, kinesiology analyses and analysis of medical records. The results were processed into a case studies. The entrance examination data were acquired at the beggining of the observating and the final examination data were acguired three month later. The observating confirmed my hypothesis that physical excercising and following recommended regime leads to lymphedema reduction. This thessis can be used by thephysiotherapists, another healthcare workers and also by the pacients.
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Possibilities of Social Work in Women with Breast Cancer
KONČICKÁ, Markéta
The theoretical part of this thesis is divided into seven chapters. In the first chapter is described the current status of the issue. The second chapter is concerned with social consequences of the disease and the third chapter is related to psychological areas of this issue. The fourth chapter is devoted to the specific stress in woman´s life caused by the breast carcinoma. The fifth chapter is focused on the disease in connection with the crisis. The sixth chapter deals with coping with problems of the disease and suffering of women. In the last chapter is defined the social work. This bachelor thesis is designed as informational material for women with breast carcinoma within professional social counseling and for social workers dealing with women with breast carcinoma.
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Influence of fetal microchimerism on breast carcinoma in mothers
Šůchová, Anna-Marie ; Hromadníková, Ilona (advisor) ; Balounová, Jana (referee)
Fetal microchimerism is a condition where fetal cells are present in the body of the mother, they are transmitted during pregnancy and may persist for several decades after parturition. Their presence affects the immune system of the mother, which is investigated in both autoimmune and tumor diseases. This work, as a literature review, summarizes the current knowledge of the effect of fetal microchimerism on breast carcinomas in mothers, which is one of the most common cancer in women worldwide. It is based on studies that examined the presence of fetal cells in peripheral blood and neoplastic maternal tissues. While the correlation between the presence of fetal microchimerism in peripheral blood and breast cancer suggests a possible protective role, the data on the investigation of the same correlation in neoplastic tissue are not so unambiguous. Some of them suggest a protective role, others have a negative role. Key words - fetal microchimerism, breast carcinoma, pathogenesis, oncology, tumor
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Analysis of genetic factors of breast cancer
Chmelařová, Žaneta ; Kleiblová, Petra (advisor) ; Brynychová, Veronika (referee)
The thesis The analysis of genetic factors of breast cancer by NGS deals with the current serious problematics of breast cancer from the perspective of genetic predisposition. Breast cancer is one of the most common tumors in women. Every year more than 7000 women are diagnosed with this disease and the mortality rate in the Czech Republic is nearly 2000 cases. Of the total number of patients diagnosed with breast cancer, approximately ten percent of patients have congenital mutations in one of the predisposing genes that cause a significantly increased risk of developing a cancer. More than half of these mutations occur in germline mutations of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, others include a number of other genes, eg tp53, CDH1, PTEN, STK11, ATM, PALB2, CHEK2.Early diagnosis and identification of persons with increased risk of developing breast cancer is of key importance for their inclusion in preventive programs. Therefore, the thesis aims to testing genes that can cause a breast cancer. In the thesis, 219 known and candidate predisposition genes were analyzed in a group of 263 non-selected breast cancer patients using a targeted panel NGS, the Illumina platform. Selected identified suspect variants were further confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The aim of this work was also a mutational analysis of...
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Acute and late effects of adjuvant treatment after radiotherapy of breast cancer
KÁROVÁ, Natálie
My bachelor thesis deals with nursing habits in individual oncology workplaces in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part I worked with information from available literature, professional websites and professional journals. The aim of the work was to analyze the current nursing procedures in order to determine the nursing practice in the issue of skin reactions after breast irradiation at selected workplaces. In the practical part there are data I have drawn through a questionnaire survey at 4 workplaces in the Czech Republic. The questionnaire was completely anonymous and it included questions about nursing habits of patients who went through breast radiotherapy in individual workplaces. It was found that the respondents recommended preventively for irradiated skin: unsalted pork lard, Calcium panthoteticum ointment, sea buckthorn oil or hemp ointment. For erythema: Bepanthen Flamigel and Panthenol gel. They state that it is best to use Linola Radio Derm ointment, Bepanthen ointment or Radioxar ointment for dry desquamation. In the case of wet desquamation, they recommend to their patients Bactigras, Flamigel or Infadolan ointment as the best option. The results from the practical part can serve as feedback for addressed hospitals or as a resource for students and the public.
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Women after tumor disease
Mlezyva, Iarmila ; Hájková, Vanda (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The master's thesis Women after breast cancer describes the influence of breast cancer on some aspects of the psychosocial life of affected women. In the theoretical part, the author describes the breast cancer, its causes, incidence, presents classification of tumors and risk factors, introduces strategies for prevention and makes the reader aware of symptoms and the quality of life of sufferers. Furthermore, the author analyzes contemporary therapies for the treatment of breast cancer. The empirical part of the master's thesis includes four interviews that serve as the basis for analysis and interpretation of the research. The goal of this thesis is to understand what influence breast cancer has on some of the psychosocial aspects of life of women that suffered from it. The author also investigates what obstacles the breast cancer causes within family life, its influence on work, the psychological state of the victims and what factors created the most difficulties during patients' treatment. The author chose the method of qualitative research, and the techniques of semi-structured interview, analysis of medical documentation and self-observation. KEYWORDS Breast cancer, quality of life, psychosocial aspects of tumor
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Pharmacogenetic prediction of tamoxifen efficiacy and adverse effects in hormonal dependent breast karcinoma patients.
Argalácsová, Soňa ; Slanař, Ondřej (advisor) ; Vrána, David (referee) ; Paluch, Zoltán (referee)
ABSTRACT/SUMMARY Background: The clinical efficacy of tamoxifen therapy may be modified by the drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporting molecules involved into the pharmacokinetics of tamoxifen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of CYP2D6, ABCB1 polymorhisms and comedication with efficacy and safety of tamoxifen treatment. Methods: Totally 258 women with hormonal positive breast carcinoma were retrospectively evaluated in relation to CYP2D6, ABCB1 polymorphisms and comedication. Results: CYP2D6 polymorphisms or co-medication affecting CYP2D6 activity demonstrated no statistically significant effect on the efficacy of tamoxifen therapy or adverse event incidence; there was only a trend towards shortening the time to event (TTE) in CYP2D6 poor metabolizers. ABCB1 polymorphism rs2032582 was not associated with clinical outcomes, while a trend towards an increase of TTE in variant allele carriers was noted. The ABCB1 polymorphism rs1045642 demonstrated statistical significance in premenopausal patients (p = 0.0012, HR 0.69 (95% CI 0.21 to 2.31), and its significant association was noted with gynaecological /vasomotor adverse events (p = 0.0221, HR = 1.0588), with no evidence of the influence on the incidence and onset of venous complications. Conclusions: Although this work did not show...
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Nursing care of a patient with breast cancer with intravenous port
Suková, Markéta ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Kulhavá, Miluše (referee)
For my bachelor thesis, I chose a topic related to nursing care of a breast cancer patient with an intravenous port and an indication of chemotherapy. I worked on the theme based on my long experience with intravenous ports at the sampling center. Breast cancer still retains primacy in cancer, and many women die yearly. Its treatment requires specific features and is very time consuming. Great benefits in this area are intravenous port systems. When used, complications occur which often prevent faster course of treatment. At the end of my work I described the patient's and healthcare staff's expressions of satisfaction with these long-term venous inlets. The aim of the work was to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of intravenous ports and their use in the treatment of oncology patients. I focused mainly on nursing procedures and care for the intravenous port during treatment, after treatment as well as on blood withdrawals associated with oncology treatment. The method of work is a case report of a patient who has long been treated with breast cancer at an oncology stationary. Information I drew from literature, from Czech and foreign articles and from patient's documentation. The main outcome of this study is the finding that intravenous ports greatly facilitate access to the venous...
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