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The Dilemma of Maternity Leave: Competing Strategies and Perceptions of Motherhood Among Contemporary Czech Mothers
Hager, Kateřina ; Abu Ghosh, Yasar (advisor) ; Hrešanová, Ema (referee)
This work provides an ethnography of maternity leave in the Czech Republic, analyzing the experiences, attitudes and reflections on motherhood among 14 Czech mothers living in Prague. Maternity leave in the Czech Republic distinguishes itself from that in many other western countries by virtue of its long-term nature - typically 3 to 4 years per child. Ultimately, this model for long-term home care, institutionally structured and culturally naturalized, has an essential impact on the position of woman in the family and in the society at large. Today, Czech mothers find themselves the default caretakers in the home but lacking the extended family support and networks accessed in the past, particularly acute in the context of culturally negative attitudes toward hired help and nurseries in the Czech Republic. Czech mothers also find themselves pinned between two ideologies - one stressing the importance of maternal care for the well-being of the child and another establishing the low status of staying home to raise a child in the context of the need for self-realization in a career. This ethnography teases out the sometimes reinforcing but often conflicting notions of what it is to be a mother through analyzing the biographical narratives of three identified groups of Czech women: mothers who have...
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Early intervention in the family with a early age child with special needs as a part of early childhood special pedagogic education
Šándorová, Zdenka ; Jesenský, Ján (advisor) ; Klenková, Jiřina (referee) ; Heřmanská, Danuše (referee)
This thesis has investigative and empirical character. It combines an attempt to create a theoretical system (a new subdiscipline of special pedagogy) with an attempt to gain arguments by means of empirical investigation. It begins with theoretical part which presents historical and pedagogical overview of the issue by defining reference field, target groups, tasks, basic terminology and the whole system of special pedagogy of an early age. An early age care as a theoretical subsystem included in comprehensive and integrative special pedagogy in the system of social and rehabilitation, and special pedagogical services forms a specific part of my thesis. The theoretical part has a character of metatheory because at an early age the beginnings of education, care and support are given according to the theory of comprehensive special pedagogy (Jesenský 2000) or integrative special pedagogy (Vítková 2003). By this the possibility of application into the pedagogy of individual physical and mental handicaps and the possibility of education development in other age groups are open. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Antenatal education and its importance for mothers.
ŠRÁMKOVÁ, Lucie
Childbirth is the most beautiful moment, however, it is also a turning point in life for both women and men. Pregnant women can be afraid of the delivery, therefore, they often seek advice in antenatal preparation courses. Women can start attending the courses anytime, but the most of them start at an advanced stage of pregnancy. In the courses, women get acquainted with the process of pregnancy, in addition, they are being prepared to the delivery, lying-in and breastfeeding. The knowledge gained during these courses lead to the removal of negative emotions associated with the delivery. The introduction of this thesis is theoretical and describes the history of antenatal preparation. In the next part, we focused on the current state of antenatal preparation courses and we divided them into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the course is divided into chapters that contain information pregnant women should receive in the antenatal preparation courses. The part describes pregnancy, maternity and parental leave, the selection of the maternity hospital, when to go to the hospital and what to take with you, accompaniment in the delivery room, preparation for the delivery, pain relief, the period of lying-in, child care and breastfeeding. The practical part of the course describes what are the appropriate physical activity during pregnancy, practicing breathing and relaxing positions during the delivery. The aim of the research part of this thesis was to determine whether mothers are satisfied with antenatal preparation courses management in Pribram and surroundings and whether they will use the information provided in the courses. The practical part was conducted using qualitative research techniques. The data was gathered through interviewing using semi-structured interviews. These interviews were recorded and subsequently processed and rewritten for better clarity. The obtained data was analyzed by hand coding then. For greater clarity, the results were organized into one main category containing 12 subcategories. The research sample consisted of 6 women who attended an antenatal preparation course in Pribram and surroundings. Interviews were anonymous and were conducted in private, outside the hospital. The first research question dealt with how participants evaluate the quality of antenatal preparation courses in Pribram and surroundings. The research revealed that the majority of interviewees (70%) was satisfied with the antenatal preparation courses management in the area and the course was positively evaluated. Most women recommends to visit an antenatal preparation course, at least during the first pregnancy. The results show that the midwives who led the courses seemed to be nice and friendly to the respondents. There was only 1 respondent who was not satisfied with the midwife. The second research question focused on how participants use the information provided in antenatal preparation courses. The survey showed that the most frequently used information gained from the courses include information about breathing during the delivery, child care, lying-in and breastfeeding and about organizational matters. The third research question concentrated on lack of information in antenatal preparation courses. The results revealed that a half of respondents did not miss any information during the course. The second half of interviewees lacked information about C-section and about the rights during the delivery and breastfeeding. After analyzing the survey, it was discovered that women learn valuable information in antenatal preparation courses that helps them during the delivery and taking care of the child then. The results of this thesis might be used to improve and extend the prenatal care for pregnant women and midwives leading the antenatal preparation courses. A recommendation we can make for birth attendants is to spread information about the rights during the delivery.
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Options of location children with disability for foster Care
PÍCHOVÁ, Pavla
My bachelor thesis deals with possibilities to place a child with a health handicap from an institutional care to an alternative family care. I have chosen people bringing up a handicapped child in a system of a family care and a social worker from children social-legislative protection department as a goal group. A theoretical part of the thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter defines a family being a primary (basic) socializing factor, and then it devotes to a legal view on parentage i.e. parental responsibility. As the thesis concerns a foster care, when parents do not often fulfil or even misuse this parentage responsibility, a subhead deals with a restriction of it. The second chapter examines in details a system of foster caring. In single subheads it specifies forms of a foster care such as a custodial care, adoption, foster care, temporary foster care, guardianship, custodial care, host care and SOS children´s villages. Every information is processed according to the new Civil Code (No 89/2012 Coll), which has been in operation since January 1,2014 and it has replaced the Family Code. I have also taken information from the Act No 359/1999 Coll of children social-legislative protection, which has also been amended. In each subhead it is written what the conditions of a single foster care are and whether the caring person could claim social security benefits or what the amount of them is, as well as rights and duties of a caring person. I must point out that the new Civil Code does not solve or even mention some original information from the Family Code. I devote the third chapter to a dedication of health disabilities, the types and specifics. The last chapter deals with a handicapped child in a foster family. An awareness about handicapped children is highlighted there. A subhead dealing with an arrival of a child to a family shows the importance of readiness of a family and problems which could occur during the first months of a foster care. In a practical part of my thesis I used a method of a qualitative research. This research proceeded in a form of semi-structured interviews, which are led with four foster-parents. Three of them care about handicapped children and one who looks after children without with any disabilities. A social worker dealing with a foster care in an office at municipality with extended powers was also interviewed. Foster parents with handicapped children answered questions from four areas: Motivation to accept a handicapped child, Difficulties and realisation of a foster care with children with specific needs, Information and sources of help, Importance of a care and its chance. Their replies are enriched of opinions of a person, who cares about non-handicapped children. The main goal was to find opportunities of handicapped children to find a foster family for them and that is willingness/motivation of foster family volunteers to accept a child with a handicap. A partial goal was to reveal, which handicapped children have the best chance to find a foster family. Questions about child care, importance and last but not least information where diagnostics is placed, which is often incorrect or incomplete and thanks to that handicapped children are sent to foster families, were discussed as well. This thesis brings an overall view on problems of handicapped children in a system of a foster care, which is not widely mapped in the Czech Republic.
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The emotional bond between mother and child, which is worn in scarf.
BRANDOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with the formation of emotional bonds between mother and child. It aims to show mothers, who currently apply the expanding way of childcare, carrying a baby in a special scarf, "a baby wrapping". The theoretical part describes the childcare, somatic and mental development of infants and how the emotional bond between mother and child is created. It also focuses on the phenomenon of a baby wrapping. The practical part determines the characteristics of mothers who decided for this method of nurture, describe their reasons, experience and whether the baby wrapping affected the emotional attachment. The main research method it´s survey.
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Long-term unemployment of single-parent mothers
WANKA, Pavel
This degree paper deals with the long-term unemployment of one of the most risk groups in the labour market {--} the single-parent mothers. It is a very current topic. Recently, the share of babies born to single-parent mothers has had a growing tendency and the divorce rate has been increasing. More often it is a woman rather than a man who heads the incomplete family. Lonely mothers have to face a difficult task. They have to cope with everyday care of their child on one side and to fulfil the duties of a family provider on the other side. For employers, a single-parent mother with a dependent child is problematic labour force with specific demands on working hours and higher probability of more frequent absences due to caring for a sick family member. These women are therefore willing to take ``worse{\crqq} job which does not correspond to their qualification and education. A lonely mother{\crq}s family is dependent on the income of one of the parents only. Although the father of the dependant has a duty to maintain and support his child as stipulated in the Family Act, he does no fulfil it quite often. Unemployment, especially lasting on a long-term basis, represents a significant social problem for a single-parent family. The standard of living is reduced, and the family has to face the threat of poverty, which is more significant as it regards the children as well. Long-term unemployed single-parent mothers are frequent beneficiaries of social benefits which allow them to survive on a subsistence level. Lonely mothers in this situation chose various strategies to secure alternative income, or take various money-saving measures. They often seek and find help in informal social networks which seem to be very important in such situations. Consequences of long-term unemployment can be a cause of social exclusion. Theoretical part of this degree paper maps the life situation of single-parent mothers with regard to their specific chances of assertion on the labour market. It further deals with the offers of child day care services and the system of support from the state. It also informs of the employment policy measures and flexible forms of employment as a means to harmonize the areas of the work and the family. The degree paper also contains information on the pro-family measures being prepared and approved by the government in November 2008. The research part of the degree paper is focused on identification of the attitudes and strategies of long-term unemployed mothers.
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Need visiting service of midwife near mothers in post partum period
BRABENCOVÁ, Iveta
Midwifes in visiting service are specialists for all problems, that annoy women and children in their lying-in. Full care of midwifes at mother{\crq}s house comes immediately after the medical care and provides health services trying to ensure well-timed and professional help. According to our law of health insurance is the care of midwifes provided usually 1 visit before and 3 visits after the birth of a child.
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