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The British Conservative Party in the 1950s: Continuity or Change?
Řanda, Tomáš ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
In this bachelor thesis the author will focus on the analysis of the activity of British Conservative Party in the 1950s. In particular he will study a reaction of Conservatives on the failure in the general election in 1945, the Party's reforms and revival and victorious elections in 1951. Further author will focus on the analysis of functioning of the Conservatives as a Party-in-Government, i.e. on the analysis of the realization of the election programme of the Tories, on their approach to the Welfare State made by the Labour Party and to Labour Party itself, on the analysis of the government's activities in home and foreign affairs, and last but not least on the analysis of the causes and consequences of achievements in elections in the 1950s.
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Euroscepticism and its position in Great Britain
Beránková, Barbora ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
Euroscepticism is considered as a stream of thoughts whch is typical of the EU distrust or of the European integration and its goals as such. The most common objections to joining the integration proces are loss of national sovereignty, not paying enough attention to national interests or too strict policy unification that does not allow for national particularities. This master thesis will focus on euroscepticism as a concept, il will analyze its ideological roots and the most frequent arguments in favour of this concept. Furthermore, it will analyze various classifications of euroscepticism as well as its potential to be called a new cleavage or even ideology as I suggest that there is no widely-accepted definition. Great Britain - a representative of traditionally very sceptical approach towards European integration project has been chosen as a model case. In this case study firstly, the development of potential eurosceptical thinking within the Conservative Party and the Labour Party will be explored. More importantly, it will concentrate on the (in)consistency of their European policies in time, analysis of their attitudes in the 21st century and finally it will try to derive the future development of their possible eurosceptical opinions from their current manifestos and public speeches. The...
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Devolution and Labour Party in Scotland
Havlíková, Veronika ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Devolution and Labour Party in Scotland" addresses the issue of the relationship between state decentralization and the inner decentralization of political parties. The adoption of devolution has significantly changed the institutional environment in which the British parties operate and thus they were confronted with fundamental question of adapting to this new arrangement. This thesis examines the development of policies and organisation of the Scottish Labour Party after devolution, and aims to evaluate whether the creation of the Scottish Parliament brought for the Scottish Labour Party greater autonomy from the central leadership of the party. The first part of the thesis establishes the theoretical framework for examining the impact of decentralization of the state on organisation and functioning of political parties. It is followed by description of evolution of the Labour Party and its regional branch in Scotland prior to the devolution. This part forms the basis for comparison of the changes in policies and organisation of the Scottish Labour Party after the establishment of the autonomous institutions. The research itself focuses on development of policy in the Scottish Labour Party after devolution, formulation of party policies and electoral programmes. It also examines the...
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The Transformation of the British Labour Party in years 1994-1997
Onesork, Jaroslav ; Lebeda, Tomáš (advisor) ; Polinec, Martin (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find the cause of success of the British Labour Party in general election in 1997. In addition to examining the assumptions for this victory the work also focuses on the search for the roots and the beginning of an ideological transformation "old" Labour Party into "new" called New Labour under Tony Blair in years 1994-1997. This paper applies case study metodology. In conclusion identifies the key moments of transformation and raises the question whether and to what extent this success can be generalized and applied to other social democratic parties.
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Comparison of referendums on devolution in Wales
Špelinová, Kristýna ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Miklošová, Kateřina (referee)
The bachelor thesis "Comparison of Referendums on Devolution in Wales" deals with the process of political devolution in Great Britain, or rather in Wales with emphasis on two referendums on this question, which took place in 1979 and 1997. The main topic of this work is an establishing of a relationship between central British and regional Welsh government that culminated in the origin of National Assembly for Wales in 1998. In the first referendum Welsh people expressed a negative attitude to devolution and in the second one they changed their mind about it and voted for devolution. The main goal of this work is to explain basic facts that caused the difference between the results of referendums. This comparative work determines criteria and through the analysis of them it gains characteristics of both referendums in which people voted on founding of the National Assembly for Wales. In its major part, the work deals with the comparison of referendums on the basis of their descriptions. The attention is put also on the development of political situation in Wales, which preceded declaration of the first referendum. The political conditions in the time between referendums are described too. In the conclusion of the work, the influence of political circumstances on the change in attitudes of Welsh...
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Comparison of Selected chapters of Economic Policy during the Labour Goverment (1974-1979) and Thatcherism
Pavlíčková, Ivana ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Brhelová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis compares the approach of economic policy of Labour government in the years 1974 to 1979 and Thatcherism. At first the thesis introduces the economical and political context of post-war consensus and periods under government of Margaret Thatcher. Then it analyses working of Welfare State in areas of health care and education. Margaret Thatcher had partial success in application of principals of market economy here. The thesis continues by descripton of nationalization and analysis of issues of privatisation process. The aim of thesis is complex analysis of Thatcherism in contrast with interventionist economy policy of previous Labour government.
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The Stability of Coalition Governments: Regional versus British-wide Political Party Preferences
Nezdarová, Bára ; Reschová, Jana (advisor) ; Kuta, Martin (referee)
The thesis focuses on the Labour-led coalition governments in Scotland and Wales. The Scottish and Welsh branches of the Labour Party enjoy a great deal of autonomy to to formulate their own policies, to negotiate coalition arrangements and to make strategic choices responding to the electoral challenges in those regions. The Scottish and Welsh Labour Parties have not been obliged to follow the British-wide New Labour policy preferences in the devolved bodies, even though the Scottish Labourites often did so. In Wales, a more distinctive approach has been adopted. However, both Scottish and Welsh Labour Parties have been willing to compromise and to make significant concessions to their coalition partners. The different approaches to tuition fees in Westminster, Scotland and Wales presented in the last chapter were also the case. Therefore, the thesis concludes that the stability of the analyzed regional coalition governments was not threatened by British-wide policy preferences of the Labour Party.
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New Labour - Third way
Görčöš, Ivan ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
In my bachelor thesis "New Labour - Third way" I would like to analyze internal economic policy of Great Britain applicated by The Labour Party chaired by Tony Blair. The main question of my thesis will be -- Is the third way existing? Has the Labour Party with Tony Blair stayed still left-wing? Or has it become right-wing party? Can we speak about post-thatcherism? Was the idea of third way and deflection from traditional labour significances and Keynesian economics successful? I am going to initiate my work around 1979 when Labour Party went to opposition. The main part of my thesis will begin when Tony Blair was starting to became leader of the party. Especially with the intention of the programme New Labour, New Life For Britain. I am going to split it among three electoral victories. I will focus on policy related to inflation, unemployment, expenditures on health care or changes in education system. I am going to cancel my work in 2007 when Gordon Brown has become Prime Minister.
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Velká Británie v období labouristických vlád. Ekonomické a společenské reformy (1945-1951)
Horáček, Vilém ; Ševčík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Tumis, Stanislav (referee)
Šest let trvající období vlády labouristických vlád v letech 1945-51 má z hlediska poválečného vývoje Velké Británie rozhodující význam. Do jisté míry nečekané a výrazné vítězství labouristické strany vytvořilo prostor pro provádění významných socialistických opatření, které předznamenaly směr hospodářské politiky uskutečňovaný až do druhé poloviny 70. let. Tato práce se zabývá jednotlivými kroky provedenými Labouristickou stranou v tomto období a analyzuje jejich dopady. Práce je rozdělena do několika kapitol, které se věnují jednotlivým oblastem působení labouristické vlády. První kapitola se zabývá důvody, které vedly k vítězství labouristů; v dalších kapitolách je analyzována poválečná ekonomická situace, politika plánování a zestátnění a budování širokého sociálního státu. Cílem práce je zhodnotit, jakým způsobem ovlivnilo období labouristických vlád budoucí hospodářský vývoj Velké Británie, zda toto období představovalo úspěšné zvládnutou poválečnou rekonstrukci nebo zda naopak znamenalo jeden z hlavních faktorů pomalejšího hospodářského růstu Velké Británie v pozdějších letech.
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