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EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF THE BREEDS OF COMMON CARP AND ITS CROSSBREDS
KŘÍŽ, Michal
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the performance parameters of the breeds of common carp and its crossbreds by using the top-crossing. On the maternal position the Hungarian synthetic mirror carp line (HSM) was used. On this line, males of HSM, Telč mirror carp (TeL), Northern mirror carp (M72) and Amur mirror carp (AL) were crossed and a hybrid of Ropsha carp (ROP) and Tata carp (TAT) was used as their control group. Rearing of the tested groups was monitored from larval stage until their market size in ponds with a semi-intensive way of management in three localities (2 organisations). In the first year, each tested group was bred individually with internal control group of a different scaly covering phenotype in order to correct the influence of the environment on the weight achieved. In the second and the third year, all the groups were group-labelled and bred together in triplicate (three ponds) localities. In the individual stages of testing, the weight and the survival rate were recorded. Moreover, in the market size stage the biometric measurement and slaughtering value were evaluated. In the overall assessment of the results from all the localities carried out by the ANCOVA procedure, the highest weight at the K3 age was achieved by the hybrid HSM x AL (1413 {$\pm$} 31.5 g; Last square means {$\pm$} S.E.), whose weight was statistically comparable to the other hybrids (HSM x M72 a HSM x TeL). However, it was the only noticeably higher weight in comparison with the HSM (1257 {$\pm$} 31.5 g) with its ordinary heterosis effect of growth on the level of 12.4%. During the third year of testing, the survival ranged from 69.0 % in HSM x Tel to 73.4% in HSM x AL and the values were statistically comparable. The yield parameters (the proportion of the processed body, the proportion of filets with skin and the skinless ones) were similar in all the groups. In the previous periods of testing the results reflected the situation in the market size. As a result, it is concluded that preferably the hybrid HSM x AL could be exploitable in commercial breeding.
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Analysis of chosen effects on the efficiency of beef breeds
ZATLOUKAL, Jan
The aim of this dissertation lies in analysing the calf growth of a selected herd of meat-type cattle raised in a foothills landscape. The period of investigation lasted 5 years (2002 {--} 2006). The data obtained for the breeds Charolais and the meat-type Siemental cattle are presented in dependence on the breed, convenience of birth, mother´s height in the cross, calving month and the serial number of the birth. The study covers 795 Charolais calves and 450 calves of meat-type Siemental breed. In the time interval mentioned above, the Charolais breed gave 400 bulls and 395 heifers, the corresponding numbers for the meat-type Siemental breed are 226 bulls and 224 heifers. Considered from the viewpoint of breed influence on to the calf rate of growth, the investigation has revealed no statistically significant effect. A statistically significant effect has been revealed only for heifers 120 days old, the live weight of the meat-type Siemental heifers being higher (162,71 kg) than that for the Charolais heifers (158,14 kg). The differences in the live weight amount to 4,47 kg. Statistically, this diference is probably significant, the significance level p = 0,05. Furthermore, the work has studied the effect of calf sex onto the rate of growth in both calf categories mentioned above. The live weight of the meat-type calves show a statistically highly significant difference (p {>} 0,001) for the bulls and heifers at the age of 120, 210 and 365 days. At the age of 120 days, the live weight of bulls is by 14,31 kg higher compared with that of heifers, at the age of 210 days the difference amounts to 25,65 kg and at 365 days 116,29 kg. Similar differences between bulls and heifers are statistically highly significant also for Charolais calves. At the age of 120 days the bulls are heavier than heifers by 18,45 kg, at 210 days by 29,16 kg and at the age of 365 days this difference amounts to 115,59 kg. The study covers also the investigation of the effect of mother´s cross height on to the rate of calf growth. Considered statistically, no such effect has been revealed for calves 120, 210 and 365 days old. The investigation of the effect of the calving month has brought us to a conclusion that the heaviest calves are born in March and April, with the differences in individual months ranging on significance levels p {>} 0,001, p {>} 0,01 and p = 0,05. In both breeds we have also investigated the effect of the serial number of the birth on to the live weight. For the Charolais breed, the highest weight has been found for calves with serial number 3, 4 and 5. For the calves of the meat-type Siemental breed it has been found that the calves born as the second one reach the highest weight at the age of 120, 210 and 365 days,the results obtained being statistically highly significant (p {>} 0,001) and probably significant (p = 0,05).
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Comparison of Postembryonic Development of Native and Non-native Crayfish
KANTA, Jan
The diploma thesis observed the indicators of growth in individual developmental stages of our native crayfish (Astacus astacus, Austropotamobius torrentium, Astacus leptodactylus) and non-native crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus, Orconectes limosus) under experimental conditions. The next aim of work was to describe the time of hatching of these species, the moulting interval, the frequency of moulting and increase after individual moulting during the first vegetation season in two different temperatures (15{$\rm^o$}C a 21{$\rm^o$}C).
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The diet of larval and juvenile pikeperch (.i.Stizostedion lucioperca./i.)(L.)), comparative study of fishponds and a reservoir
Peterka, Jiří ; Matěna, Josef ; Lipka, J.
Diet of larval and juvenile pikeperch (.i.S. lucioperca./i.) reared in ponds was investigated and compared with the diet of pikeperch from a reservoir. Numbers of rotifers were found low in the diet of pikeperch larvae in fishponds and they were soonreplaced by nauplii of cyclopoid copepods. .i.Daphnia./i. spp. were consumed from the onset of exogenous feeding. Another smaller cladoceran .i.Bosmina./i. longirostris did not contribute to the diet significantly. In the reservoir, rotifers were not found in the diet of pikeperch larvae. Dominant food items were nauplii and 1st copepodite instar of .i.Eudiaptomus gracilis./i. and .i.Cyclops./i. spp. .i.Daphnia galeata./i. and to a lesser extent .i.Diaphanosoma brachyurum./i. appeared in the pikeperch diet at a length of about 10 mm. A shift towards larger prey, especially .i.Leptodora kindtii./i., could be recognised in pikeperch at a length of 20 mm. Growth of pikeperch was found faster in nursing ponds than in the reservoir.
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Public Finance and Economic Growth
Strelcov, Olga ; Urbánek, Václav (advisor)
The graduation thesis describes the definition, functions, divisions and structure of public finance. It considers the instruments that operate with the system of public finance and observe the effective implementation of macroeconomic politics and structural reforms. The practical part defines the meaning of the fiscal and financial politics in the development of financial balance on the macroeconomic level.
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