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The Zittau people and their churches (approx. 1300-1600)
Hrachovec, Petr ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Holý, Martin (referee) ; Müller, Winfried (referee)
The Zittau people and their churches (approx. 1300-1600) The essay deals with the church history in the town of Zittau in Upper Lusatia, today's federal state of Saxony, Germany, in late Middle Ages and Early Modern Era. The main focus of the work was to illustrate the changes of religious institutions and benefactions throughout the era. Most importantly, we dealt with the fate of mostly medieval benefactions during reformation, which established a cultural break point in the given region. We analysed a broad spectrum of benefactions, ranging from small ones (masses, alms etc.) to more complex ones (monasteries, hospitals, church fabric etc.). The essay consists of three sections. The first section is dedicated to Middle Ages and it focuses on ancient history, i. e. the starting point from which the religious benefactions entered the reformation era. The second section focuses on the town of Zittau in the era of reformation and on the process of validation of the new denomination. We specifically focus on the end of four monasteries' benefactions in the course of 16th century, taken over by the Zittau city council. The third section deals with the fate of another general benefaction, i. e. the church fabric of Zitttau parish church, which, unlike the monasteries, successfully survived the...
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The religion and politics of Rudolf Habsburg II.
Butakov, Vadim ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
Práce je zaměřena na dobu před nástupem Rudolfa II. Zde jsem nastínil stav českého království, postavení nekatolíků v Čechách a boj o Českou konfesi. Abych čtenáře seznámil s tehdejší politickou a náboženskou situací, je také důležité je seznámit s výchovou a vladařskými začátky Rudolfa II. Ve druhé části jsem se snažil popsat průběh zápasu o Majestát a komplikace, které ho doprovázely. Moje práce zahrnula popis náboženské a politické situace v Čechách, od druhé poloviny 16. století, až po Bílou horu. Pro práci jsem použil odbornou literaturu, slovníky a některé vydané historické prameny.
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Zwettl altar in the context of its time
Brachtlová, Magdalena ; Chlíbec, Jan (advisor) ; Nespěšná Hamsíková, Magdaléna (referee)
The topic of this thesis is Zwettl altar. It is a late Gothic carved altar from the years 1516 - 1525 and is the work of six unknown carvers. It is an important work that falls within the Danubian School, but also carries many elements of Italian Renaissance. This work will focus on art-historical analysis of the altar, will examine the influences that affected the form of the altar and period circumstances that could have on the overall formation of the altar a considerable influence. The result should be a total synthesis of the origin and development of the altar.
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John Mathesius and Joachimsthal
Mikschik, Jan ; Halama, Ota (advisor) ; Wernisch, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with a Lutheran preacher and rector of a Latin School - Johannes Mathesius. He was a close friend of Martin Luther and also a rector and later on a preacher in Jachymov. This was a border mining town in the Ore Mountains in the Czech Kingdom. The thesis also deals with the economic, political and cultural impacts which formed the life of this town during its greatest fame associated with the mining of silver ore. Johannes Mathesius was connected with this town and its events and he contributed to its cultural and religious rise in the spirit of a reformative belief. The thesis deals with the personal and creative life of Johannes Mathesius and his work.
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The Enlightenment and its Impact on the National and Spiritual Formation of People in the Czech Lands during 18th and 19th Century
Karasová, Ivana ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
This master thesis deals with the spiritual progress pointing to a national self-awareness in the Enlightenment era from the beginning until 1848. The Enlightenment is an European phenomenon, which is characterized by a change of thinking, and self-awareness. This idea of tolerance and human emancipation contributed to the reforms of fundamental social, political and ecclesiastical changes. These changes result not only from a philosophical influences, but also from royal reforms during the reign of Maria Theresa and Joseph II in particular. The Teresian enlightened Catholicism and Josephinian reformism fully started the journey from the Enlightenment to liberalism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Ecclesiology Tomáš Bavorovský († 1562)
Havrlant, Jaroslav ; Pospíšil, Ctirad Václav (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee) ; Machula, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Catholic Theological Faculty Thesis, Prague 2013 ABSTRACT Ecclesiology of Tomáš Bavorovský († 1562) Jaroslav Havrlant Catholic preacher Tomáš Bavorovský (Thomas of Bavorov) is still a quite unknown personality of Bohemian renaissance. He is the representative of the Church loyal to the Pope in Rome shortly before the end of the Trident council and the arrival of Jesuits to Prague. The result of my study aimed at his ecclesiological approach is my thesis, which contains five chapters. The first three chapters are concerned with common historical facts of his time as well as with life and work of the preacher. The others focus on his interpretation of the Church and the Kingdom of God. The first chapter describes specific situation of Bohemian reformation, which was different from the neighboring countries because of its Hussite tradition and Utraquistic Church. Tomáš Bavorovský worked mostly in Catholic south and west Bohemian towns (Bavorov, Český Krumlov, Jindřichův Hradec, Plzeň). Therefore I describe in short also their religious history in this chapter. The part concerning the personality of the preacher starts with describing him as a writer. In chronological sequences it presents the writers who have written about him. Even though Tomáš Bavorovský was quite famous author...
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Women in Reformation
Hanušová, Barbora ; Vlnas, Vít (advisor) ; Čornejová, Ivana (referee)
Women in Reformation The position of women developed throughout history. Religious reformation, which took place in the early 16th century in the German speaking countries and hundred years earlier in the Czech Kingdom, was one of the movements which changed radically the position of women in the society. First, the religious leaders beginning with Martin Luther changed the clerical view which saw women as incompetent, incomplete and sinful beings into one of respect to the gender and its specifics and to the biological role played by women - motherhood. As a result, women were respected in the society as wives and mothers; nobody wrote preaching about them being danger to men anymore. But with the attack on the monasteries women were deprived of the only way for higher education and independence offered to them in these institutions. The Czech reformation never fully changed its view on marriage. Celibacy and virginity were still considered better ways to salvation then marriage and especially its consummation. In the end both Utraquists and the Unity of Brethren accepted Luther's view on marriage, especially the marriage of priests, but never fully. They tended to see celibacy as the better although for most people impossible way. But the position of women in these branches of Czech reformation was...
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