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Problems of Nursing Care of Patients with Leiden Mutation and Prevent Complikations
BROMOVÁ, Jana
Factor V Leiden mutation is a hereditary disorder of the hemostatic mechanism, which may lead to an increased occurrence of trombones in the blood-vessel tree. This disorder is classified among hypercoagulation conditions. It is one of the most frequent inborn disorders of blood coagulation associated with venous thromboembolism. The objective of the present Bachelor Thesis is to determine if nurses of surgical branches have knowledge of the above disorder and complications there of. Further, another objective of this Bachelor Thesis is to discover if education of nurses affects their knowledge of the disorder. The final objective is to ascertain if patients have cognizance of their disease and know how to prevent complications. Hypotheses and research questions have been stipulated in relation to the above-mentioned objectives. H1: Nurses with a longer work experience in surgical branches have more information of Leiden mutation and prevention of complications related to this disorder than nurses with a shorter work experience. H2: Nurses with a higher-level education in surgical branches have more information of Leiden mutation and prevention of complications related to this disorder than nurses with a lower-level education. RQ1: Are patients informed of occurrence of complications and prevention of an acute breakout of the disorder? RQ2: Do nurses provide patients with informationof regimen measures related to this disease? RQ3: Have any complications occurred during hospitalization in relation to Leiden mutation? The empirical part of the Bachelor Thesis consists of two sections.The first section comprises a quantitative research survey. The research was conducted in form of an anonymous non-standardized questionnaire for nurses of surgical branchesin Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s. [Hospital České Budějovice, joint-stock company] and Nemocnice Prachatice, a.s. [Hospital Prachatice, joint-stock company]. The questionnaire contained 20 questions, divided into closed, semi-closed and open questions. Results were processed in the computer programme Microsoft Excel and the data acquired were used for parametric statistical analysis. The results are presented in graphs. The other section of the empirical part contains a qualitative research survey. The research was carried out with five respondents, in form of a semistandardized interview, with 20 questions prepared in advance, and these questions were in turn completed according to replies given by the respondents. The interviews were recorded in a written in a record sheet. Data obtained from the interviews were processed by coding and a subsequent categorization of data. The categorization was done on the basis of internal similarity of codes.The author views the problems of nursing care of patients with Leiden mutation mainly in connection with complications that might occur. These complications involve deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.This Bachelor Thesis attempts at pointing out these problems and bringing this disease into more widespread awareness among nursing personnel.
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Identification and elimination of the risk that can endanger nurses during their professional performance
CHARVÁTOVÁ, Lenka
Theoretical background Employment in the health service brings about a number of risks that are specific of respective health facilities and their departments. Nurses should be informed about all possible risks resulting from their nursing practice, as well as about ways to eliminate these risks because this is the only way they can protect themselves and by suitable means and procedures. Performing their work, nurses are exposed to four main areas of risk factors. These concern especially the effects of mental and physical strain, chemicals and biological factors. Objective of my thesis The objective was to test nurses' knowledge of risks and to test how well they can eliminate these risks. Apart from that, the thesis endeavours to find out whether the risks in nurses' work change in relation to the field of care provided. Hypotheses H1 Nurses know the risks resulting from their nursing practice. H2 Risks in nurses' work vary in relation to the field of care. H3 The most common risk occurring in nurses' occupation is the puncture wound caused by a needle. H 4 Nurses are acquainted with manners to eliminate risks resulting from the performance of their occupation. Methodology To test nurses' knowledge, I compiled a questionnaire focused on surveying the knowledge in the field of risks and elimination of these risks. The questionnaire was arranged in two basic groups. The first group was focused on the knowledge of risks and occurring injury in the performance of the occupation (the puncture wound by a needle). The other group was focused on the area of eliminating the risks. The research was carried out in medical facilities in the Region of South Bohemia. Altogether, 417 nurses were addressed. The following sections were chosen in a haphazard fashion: pulmonary, surgical, internal and a neurological departments, department of subsequent care and the intensive care unit. All the results obtained were statistically processed in the Excel programme from the Microsoft Office software packet. I used a graphic depiction to interpret the outcomes. Outcomes It was found out in the first area of the outcomes that nurses are acquainted with the risks of their occupation (knowledge of risk behaviour, when handling loads, when working with chemicals, when handling oxygen cylinders, treating an aggressive client). The second area of the outcomes was essential for establishing the ways to eliminate risks (the nurses proved knowledge of risks and duties, the duty to participate in creating a safe environment , compulsory preventive medical examinations, knowledge of risk behaviour, using personal protective equipment, observing the work principles and procedures, knowledge of treating contaminated laundry, oxygen cylinders and immobile clients, disinfection of hands, treating an aggressive client). The third area yielded an answer to the question whether puncture wounds caused by needles ranked among the most frequent risks in the occupation of the nurse. The last area was essential to establish the variability of risks depending on the field of care provided. It was found out, that risks varied in relation to the field of care provided, while the nurses viewed the mental and physical strain as the most significant risk in the performance of their work. H1 - Nurses know the risks resulting from their nursing practice - was confirmed, H2 - Risks in nurses' work vary in relation to the field of care provided - was confirmed, H3 - The most common risk occurring in nurses' occupation is the puncture wound by a needle - was confirmed, H4 - Nurses know ways to eliminate risks resulting from the performance of their occupation - was confirmed. Conclusion The outcomes of the research realized will be given to the managements of the above medical facilities, with the aim of increasing the nurses' knowledge of possible risks occurring in the performance of their work, as well as possible ways of eliminating these risks.
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Social Work with Seniors as Victims of Crime Theft and Deception
HOJDAROVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor?s thesis is focused on senior, as a victim of a theft crime and fraud and, in connection to the consequences of this problem, on social work. The theoretical part describes the age in general and its division, the changes that are age related and have an impact on the situation when senior becomes a frequent target of offenders then followed by theft crimes, scams and their forms, especially doorstep selling and promotional events, theoretical part also includes preventive measures related to fraud and theft, and in the consequences of crime, the social work with seniors as a victims of a crime is described here. The aim of this bachelor?s thesis is to identify the most common form of crime and fraud committed against seniors, then the awareness of seniors about the danger of theft and fraud and knowledge and following the preventive measures by the seniors. I stated the main research questions: What are the most common forms of theft crime and fraud committed against seniors? Are the seniors informed about possible dangers of theft? Are the seniors informed about possible dangers of fraud? What preventive measures are followed by seniors not to become a victim of theft crime? What preventive measures are followed by seniors not to become a victim of fraud? The partial research questions were assigned to main research questions that determine whether the seniors know the dangers of doorstep selling and promotional events, where the seniors feel the most vulnerable to fraud and theft, what preventive measures about theft and fraud they know and whether they follow the preventive measures. For the practical part of the thesis, the qualitative research was chosen whose. For gaining of the data, the asking method and technique of semi-controlled interview were used. The questions of semi-controlled interview are divided into four areas, where two areas are related to theft and fraud and related doorstep selling and promotional events and other two areas are related to preventive measures, always in connection to theft of fraud. The results are, for the first research question: What are the most common forms of theft crime and fraud committed against seniors? evaluated by secondary analysis of data and the rest of questions by method of capturing formulas (,,gestalts"). The results of this bachelor?s thesis showed, that the most common form of the theft crime committed against seniors, are the thefts directly in the flat of the senior, who is robbed even of their life savings right after allowing the stranger to go into the flat. It showed, that in relation to the most common form of fraud crime, the seniors are most frequently cheated when signing unfavourable contracts either during doorstep selling or promotional events. The promotional events are the hot topic of this year, as in the fight against this events, the documentary film ,,Šmejdi" was filmed, showing the seniors being cheated on them. The knowledge gained thanks to this bachelor?s thesis can be used as a basis for extension of information about the issue to seniors and also as a source of information for social workers working with seniors.
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Awareness of university students about the health risks associated with a stay abroad, knowledge and use of possible preventive measures
HANKOVÁ, Hana
The topic of my thesis is foreign travel issues. Its purpose is to survey the awareness of students of the University of South Bohemia about travel risks, while mapping the knowledge and use of available preventive measures. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part I try to describe in a well arranged way the available knowledge about health risks associated with traveling, including the various forms of prevention. The aim of the practical part is to analyze the obtained data and to determine the awareness of university students about the risks associated with traveling. The survey is based on the methods of prevalence studies conducted using an anonymous questionnaire survey. In total, 652 students of the University of South Bohemia were addressed, the number of returns was 460 questionnaires. In relation to the objectives two hypotheses were proposed. H1: The awareness of students of the Faculty of Health and Social Studies about the health risks associated with a stay abroad is significantly higher than that of students of other faculties of the University of South Bohemia. H2: Statistically, the most important source of information on the knowledge and use of possible prevention measures is the Internet. These hypotheses were statistically evaluated and on the basis of the obtained results they were confirmed or refuted. The research results show that the most informed about the presented issues are students of the Faculty of Science. This fact was later explained by a number of exotic destinations visited during the last stay abroad, as well as a wide offer of the Faculty of globally-oriented practical training and research fellowships, in connection with which the students inform themselves about possible travel risks. Statistically, most of the surveyed students use the Internet to get information. This research became the basis for targeted focus of health education on minimizing health risks when traveling abroad. The real outcome of the thesis is an information poster which will be distributed to individual faculties of the University of South Bohemia.
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Analysis of the number of persons killed by fires since 2001 in the South Bohemian region and draft measures for the number reduction
ŽIDKOVÁ, Jana
The Bachelor?s Thesis themed ?Analysis of the number of persons killed by fires since 2001 in the South Bohemian region and draft measures for the number reduction? is an analysis of persons killed by fires from 2001 to 2010 in the South Bohemian region according to criteria defined in advance. Among these criteria belongs a comparison of persons killed by fires according to age, buildings, regions of South Bohemia territory depending on months in the year, fire occurrence cause and comparison to other regions of the Czech Republic. First part of the Bachelor?s Thesis is focused on actual number of persons killed by fires in the Czech Republic. It further deals with basics of fires, defines danger in the place of fire and classifies toxic substances occurring as combustion products. Results of the analysis of fires during which there were killed persons in the South Bohemian region according to statistical data are presented in the second part of the thesis. Based on an identification of risk areas there has been developed a system of measures, which should lead to reduction of the number of death by fire. Comparison of the data from 2001 to 2010 brings us to the conclusion that despite the decreasing number of fires the number of killed persons increases and in terms of the death in fires households are the most risky area.
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Analysis of hygiene knowledge level as for 1st up to 3rd class pupils in Primary School Hradská Humpolec
PRŮŠOVÁ, Ivana
My thesis deals with hygienic knowledge monitoring of pupils at the age of 6 up to 10 years attending Hradská Elementary School in Humpolec. Further it is focused on pupil´s education related to the significance of observing hygienic rules and potential consequences which can result in case of their breach. In the end, after carrying out the education, I evaluated the pupils´ knowledge of the problems in question. The initial part of my thesis gives information about hygiene history, basic hygienic habits, selected infectious diseases of child age, these infections epidemiologic characteristic, diagnostics, clinical knowledge, precautionary measures and vaccination problems. This part was elaborated by using method of secondary data analysis. The quantitative research and lecture on the theme "Precaution of infectious disease with practising the right method of washing hands? were carried out in the second part of my thesis. The data acquired via two questionnaire inquiries are evaluated statistically by means of graphs. The acquired results are under discussion in the third part of my thesis. The pupils have basic knowledge of body care; they know which hygienic habits they should observe. Unfortunately they do not always do it. The necessity of hygienic rules observance is not preferred by children because they do not realize their importance. Children should improve their dental hygiene and method of washing hands. Observing hygiene is important in infectious diseases precaution and indisputably also because of everybody's feeling fine. In my opinion the education has an influence on improving the knowledge level in the field of hygienic habits and therefore its implementation makes sense. My thesis can be used as information material for work in the given field. Its results can be used to increase the children's knowledge level in personal hygiene.
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