|
|
Formation and development of neonatal intensive care in the Czech republic
Uhlířová, Lucie ; Fendrychová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Dynáková, Šárka (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with historical formation of neonatal intensive care in the Czech Republic. Its aim is to map the evolution of intensive care, from the very beginning up to the contemporary period, and provide a concise overview of events leading to Czech Republic being one of the countries where level of neonatal care is considered to be most advanced. Theoretical nature of the thesis required a study of historical and contemporary literature, particurarly artticles and books. As an extra supplement, authentic information have been gathered from the pathfinders. In the introduction to the thesis, reason for choosing the topic is described, then current status of knowledge in this area is summarized. Following that, process of creating of the historical analysis is described. Chapter on neonatology introduces and explains terms that are crucial for comprehending the context stated in the historical part of the thesis. Chapter which maps the historical evolution itself is divided into seven sub chapters which describe course of events in the particular periods. Evolution of perinatal care abroad is also shortly described. Thesis reviews an extraordinary evolution of neonatal intensive care which has occurred in very short period of time. During this period pioneers had to overcome many hurdles,...
|
|
|
Development of communication abilities in premature infants
Svobodová, Barbora ; Klenková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Mlčková, Marie (referee)
The presented thesis deals with the topic of development of communication abilities in preterm infants from the perspective of special education. The thesis is for clarity divided into several parts. In the first part of the text the issue of incidence of premature births in the Czech Republic is discussed, following subsections are devoted to the definition and distribution of characteristics bonding with immaturity of child and approach selected health problems associated with postpartum adaptation and subsequent psychomotor development of child. The following chapter which analyzes the system of care for premature newborns in the Czech Republic focuses on two forms of care, acute care and followed-up. Next part has been devoted to issue of premature infants from logopedical perspective and describes the physiological process of development of communication abilities of child and based on current knowledge, especially foreign research, analyzes the peculiarities of speech development of preterm infants. The last and key part of the work, based on case studies, analyzes the specifics of development of communication abilities of four originally extremely and very preterm children of multiple pregnancies in the background of the their overall psychomotor development. KEYWORDS premature infant,...
|
|
|
Health literacy of mothers with premature infant
Vencová, Barbora ; Ivanová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (referee)
Health literacy represents the cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health, according to WHO. Common health literacy level may be sufficient in the case of smooth pregnancy and natural childbirth. However, if there are some health problems, it is necessary to support an increase in health literacy level of mothers. Main objective of this thesis is to describe the objective health literacy level of mothers with premature baby and to identify areas that are for these mothers most problematic. The theoretical part deals with demographic data related to premature births, the basic definition of prematurity, an essential characteristic of neonatology and organization of care, premature baby, the most common medical complications and prognosis. Defines and operationalizes health literacy of mothers with premature baby. Research used a qualitative methodology. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Respondents for interview were physicians who care for preterm infants. The selection of respondents was conducted using the snowball sampling to facilitate data analysis, were interviews transcribed and then analyzed using the cluster analysis. Results were...
|
|
|
Psychosocial factors influencing the experience of parents of premature babies
Stránská, Monika ; Pavlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Houšťková, Hana (referee)
The thesis is focused on psychological experience of premature newborns parents. The theoretical part deals with psychosociological factors: stress, social environment of a newborn resuscitacion department, needs of parents and their emotion, nurse-parent relationship, parent-child relationship developement, communication and psychological parent support. To provide a complex view of the problemacy, one single chapter deals with premature birth, premature newborn and ilnesses that put the newborn due to the premature birth into major risk. The empirical part aim were findings concerning: what factors influence the parent experience of newborns most, how an healthcare team and a premature newborns department affect parents. The research was also aimed at finding if men and women experience this demanding life situation the same way or not and how can the healthcare team help to improve the psychological condition of paretns. To implement the researcch a non-standardized questionnaire method was applied. The research sample contained 43 respondents. The findings show clear differencies between men and women concerning settling with a premature birth of a child and in needs of psychological support. There were found reserves on the side of medical workers.
|
|
|
Design of Infant Incubator
Brávková, Markéta ; Tvarůžek, Martin (referee) ; Křenek, Ladislav (advisor)
The topic of this master’s thesis is design of infant incubator. The thesis concerns own design of infant incubator that meet the basic technical, ergonomical and social requirements and also brings a new look and shape as solution to the main topic. The infant incubator is designed in regard to modern materials and technologies.
|
|
|
Cooperation of neonatal nurses and parents of premature newborns in the perinatal centres in the Czech Republic.
MEDONOSOVÁ, Kateřina
This diploma thesis addresses the issue of prematurely born children. It focuses on the cooperation between neonatologic nurses in perinatal centers and the parents of the newborns. There are 3 goals of this thesis: 1. To explore and describe the level of cooperation and support of the parents and their involvement in the care of the premature newborns in perinatal centers in the Czech Republic. 2. To find out which priorities and expectations of the parents of the premature newborns are. 3. To contribute with these results to the improvement of mutual relationship between a medic and a parent. To achieve the goals described above the methods of quialitative and quiantitative research were used in the empirical part of the thesis. The quantitative research was carried out in perinatal centers in the Czech Republic using questionnaires filled by the nurses who work there. The qualitative research was carried out by questioning the mothers of the premature newborns using individual thematic semi-standardized interview. The results of the research will be provided to all perinatal centers in the Czech Republic that cooperated and can be used to improve the quality of cooperation between neonatologic nurses and parents of premature newborns.
|
|
|
Caring for High-Risk Newborns after Release from Hospital Treatment: A Parent's Perspective
MACUROVÁ, Štěpánka
My Bachelor?s thesis focuses on the issue of children with a development risk, and deals mainly with the care provided to these children after they are released from hospital. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part defines important used terms. In the Perinatology chapter, general provisions are described as well as the system of perinatologic centres. To understand the topic, it is necessary to know the classification of infants and understand the manifestations and consequences of premature birth, so the second chapter provides basic information about neonatology. A separate chapter deals with the definition of chronological age and corrected age. These are important to secure proper monitoring of the child?s development. The development of prematurely born children differs from the development of children born in the standard term, and this fact must be taken into consideration. Nutrition is an important aspect for proper development. Recent trends especially stress breastfeeding of the child by its own mother. Information about nutrition and breastfeeding and the specifics of nutrition for prematurely born children are described in a separate chapter of the thesis. The following chapter deals with the issues related to releasing children with a development risk from hospital, and the care following their release. The care provided by a development care centre is emphasised. The last chapter provides a selection of the most common diagnoses experienced by prematurely born infants. The practical part contains qualitative research carried out by means of a semi-structured interview. The interviewed sample contains ten mothers of prematurely born children or children with other development risks. Respondents were women that I know, who regularly visit a development care centre with their children. A key selection criterion was the corrected age of the child, which had to be less than 24 months. The goal of the research was to evaluate the activity of the development care centre from the parents? perspective. A single research question was asked: Which deficiencies do the parents see in the activity of the development care centre. The collected data was analysed and lead to a clear conclusion and answer to the research question laid down in the thesis. The results of my research clearly justified the activity of development care centres, which are usually part of large maternity wards. The centres are accepted very positively in all aspects. The interviews also showed some deficiencies, which were described in the discussion and summarized in the conclusion. Since neonatology care is constantly improving, the ratio of surviving children with an extremely low or low birth weight is much higher than in the past. It is necessary to take into account that care does not end after the child is released from hospital. Premature birth carries many risks, which threated the child?s development. It is thus necessary to secure continuous care and monitor the child after release from hospital into home care. This topic has recently been often discussed. The mental development of the child is as important as the child?s physical development. It has been proved that prematurely born children may have some psychological problems. The conclusion summarizes the deficiencies that mothers find in the activities of development care centres, and describes recommendations that should lead to improvement of this care. These include a need for greater engagement of nutrition and breastfeeding counsellors, improved education of nurses employed in community care and improvement of the quality of cooperation with children?s physicians. I would recommend my thesis to the expert and general public. It could also be of use to students of nursing ? midwives, children?s nurses and others who are interested in the issues of children with a development risk.
|
|
|
Specificities of nursing newborn children with partum cranial injuries
KOBLIHOVÁ, Jitka
Birth injuries of the new-born infants might be caused either by mechanical or anoxic traumas that occur during the birth. The injuries might be a result of insufficient attention or inadequate efforts of the obstetrician but might as well occur completely independently of the obstetrician´s activities. The character and extent of birth injuries are very wide and vary from the insignificant ones that are cured completely without any consequences to those that leave long-term consequences and that may even end in the death of the new-born infant. Cranial injuries of the new-born infants include: caput succedaneum (swollen scalp), cephalohaematoma, petechiae, suffusion, eye injuries, scalpel-incised wounds, parietal bones fractures, spinal cord injuries and intracranial haemorrhage. This Baccalaureate thesis surveys the knowledge of the nursing staff as far as birth cranial injuries are concerned and concentrates also at specific aspects of nursing new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum (swollen scalp) and cephalohaematoma. The theoretical part comprises the most important pieces of medical knowledge in nursing new-born infants with birth cranial injuries. The first goal of this thesis was to map the level of knowledge of the birth cranial injuries among the nursing staff. In compliance with this goal a hypothesis was stipulated: ?Members of the nursing staff are well-informed about birth cranial injuries.? This hypothesis was verified and confirmed. It was found out that members of the nursing staff have good knowledge about birth cranial injuries, their predispositions and prevention. A quantitative research was carried out using the questioning method (the questionnaire technique was used). The research was carried out at the Neonatal Departments of the hospitals Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s, Nemocnice Písek, a. s. and Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. The second goal of this thesis was to map the specific aspects of nursing new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum (swollen scalp) and cephalohaematoma. In compliance with this goal a research question was stipulated: ?What are the specific aspects of nursing the new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma?? It was found out that nursing new-born infants with caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma does not comprise many specific aspects. The most important thing is to nurse such infants carefully and with caution, to position their heads on the side without caput succedaneum or cephalohaematoma, to check regularly the bilirubin level, to observe carefully the cephalohaematoma or caput succedaneum (its colour, size, localization) and to watch the behaviour of the new-born, mainly whether it shows any signs of pain. The research was carried out in a qualitative way using the question method ? the depth interview technique. The research file consisted of two nurses and two midwives from the Neonatal Department of the České Budějovice Hospital, a.s. The research has revealed that the nursing staff at neonatal departments is well informed about birth cranial injuries and that the nursing methods applied at new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma do not differ much from the methods used in case of physiological infants. The output of the thesis is an educative material concerning birth cranial injuries that is intended for the nursing staff at neonatal departments.
|
|
|
Organization of the neonatal transport servis from the view of nurses
SCHWARZOVÁ, Lucie
Even though it has been managed to concentrate deliveries of premature infants to the perinatal centres thanks to the ?in utero? (before-delivery) transports in recent years, there are still a certain number of newborn infants who are born outside the centres and, thus, it is required to transport them to the specialized departments. The transport of a newborn infant is characterized with special therapeutic procedures and it requires different equipment for providing intensive or resuscitation care and it is provided by transport service for newborn infants that is an integral part of the regional system of the differentiated care of newborn infants. The objective of the diploma thesis is: Objective 1: To characterize current provision of neonatal transport services. Objective 2: To map the role of nursing staff when providing neonatal transport service. Objective 3: To find out if nurses deliver care by nursing process when providing neonatal transport service. A hypothesis and research questions were defined on the basis of these results. Hypothesis 1: Presence of a nurse when providing neonatal transport service is important. Research question 1: What is the role of a nurse when providing neonatal transport service? Research question 2: How is the nursing process applied when providing neonatal transport service? The investigation proved the hypothesis and the research questions were answered. The goal of the thesis was met. The standard ?Nursing Care of Newborn Infants during Transport? is the result of the diploma thesis.
|
|
|
Interpersonal relationship development between children's nurse and mother in the neonatology department by means of the H. E. Peplau model
AMBROŽOVÁ, Helena
The dissertation objective on the theme {\clqq}Interpersonal relationship development between children's nurse and mother in the neonatology department by means of the H. E. Peplau model`` is to chart individual phases utilization in the process, professional relationship development between children´s nurse and mother according to the H. E. Peplau model. Further through created documentation to find out differences at the approaches during professional relationship connecting between children´s nurse and mother in the neonatology department in the Hospital JSC in České Budějovice. To meet these objectives the dissertation is divided into theoretical part which focuses on differences at the care of developed and underdeveloped infant, nursing model H. Peplau including its application into practice. The second, practical part is divided into quantitative and qualitative parts. The quantitative part concentrates on factors finding out which influence professional relationship between children´s nurse and mother in compliance with the H. E. Peplau model and concurrently specifies individual nurse roles changing during professional relationship children´s nurse and mother. The data of the quantitative research part have been learned by means of questionnaire disquisition. By the dissertation results summarizing I found out facts regarding H. E. Peplau model individual phases utilization at the children nurse {--} mother relationship establishing in neonatology. Hypothesis 1 {\clqq}Children nurses with own children establish faster the professional relationship with mother`` {--} has come true. Hypothesis 2 {\clqq}Children nurse practice length influences the ability to establish the professional relationship with mother`` {--} has come true. Hypothesis 3 {\clqq}Children nurses undertake the role of the mentor in most cases`` {--} hasn´t come true. The data of the qualitative research part were identified by observation, conversation with children nurse, creating of the documentation own proposal at the mothers of prematured children hospitalized by ROOM IN system and its application in practice. Mothers were divided into two groups, the common way of the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother was used in the first group, the way of the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother according to the H. E. Peplau model was applied in the second one. At the quasiexperiment it has been identified the interpersonal relationship establishing with mother proceeds better at the nursing H. E. Peplau model utilisation. The dissertation knowledge can be partly utilised by neonatology department of the Hospital JSC in České Budějovice, in particular by children nurses to master the abilities for professional relationship establishing with mother and to provide subsequently mother and child with the complex nursing care. Further to students and other interested people in this issue.
|
guest ::
