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Probiotics and probiotic microorganisms
Kostková, Lucie ; Dvořák, Miloš (referee) ; Babák, Libor (advisor)
Probiotics and their positive influence on human health are presently very discussed theme. Nevertheless is informedness of public about probiotics benign influence insufficient, as well as their practical usage. This thesis summarizes present scientific knowledge about probiotic effects on human organismus. Fisrt chapter deals with determination of concept probiotics, their history, meaning, qualities, effects on human health and hazard connected with probiotic usage. Second chapter includes description of probiotic products, their forms and foodstuff containing probiotics. Chapter three discuss probiotic microorganisms, their main characteristics and examples of commercial starting cultures. Fourth chapter takes in informations about viability of probiotic microorganisms. And last chapter researches methods of integration of probiotics into products.
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Probiotic bacteria in pharmaceutical products
Suranová, Mária ; Vránová, Dana (referee) ; Veselá, Mária (advisor)
Probiotics are live microorganisms, that when administered in adequate amount confer a health benefit on the host. They are used as part of specific milk products and either as dietary supplements in form of tablets, capsules, coated pills and sirups. The most famous probiotic microorganisms are bacteria of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genus, that belong in group of lactic acid bacteria. For the assessment of probiotic preparations is used broad range of methods for the microbial analysis of foods. These methods can be separated on quantitative, that enumerate amount of microorganisms in product and qualitative, that are capable detect presence or absence of certain microorganisms. Both types of the methods have large importance in control of the efficiency probiotic preparations.
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Identification of probiotic species of genus Lactobacillus
Vystavělová, Růžena ; Trachtová, Štěpánka (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Germs of the Lactobacillus genus form part of the micro flora, the composition of which exercises the influence on the state of health of its host. In view of the fact that at some types of Lactobacillus there were proved clinical effects (e. g. strengthening of the immune system, prevention of diarrheic illnesses and so on), the Lactobacilli have been often used for making fermented dairy products and they form part of food additives because of their probiotic effect. Germs of the Lactobacillus genus and germs of different types of Lactobacillus can be identified by means of PCR based on amplifying specific DNA fragments. The complete bacillary DNA Lactobacillus rhamnosus was separated by the phenolic extraction method. The presence of germs of the Lactobacillus genus was proved by the generic-specific PCR method; the presence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus germs was proved by the species-specific PCR method.
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Probiotics and their importance in human nutrition
Formanová, Kristýna ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
A great deal of immune system is located in the colon thanks to a large number of microbs that influence not only digestive tract of a human. The contact of these microbs with the digestive tract of a human is very important for other development of immune defensive mechanisms and the natural immune response, which supports health of a host. That is why in recent years a great deal of attention and efforts have been paid to possibility of human health status improving by a modulation of the intestinal microflora. As probiotics are indicated living microorganisms, that can have positive effects on human health and some species, for example Saccharomyces boulardii, have positive effects in prevention and treatment of many diseases associated with diarrhea. The company Valosun a.s. has provided for testing the probiotic food supplement which is suitable in acute diarrheal disorders. This product has been tried by patients of gastroenterology ambulance. The aim of sociological survey was to map knowledge of respondents in the field of probiotics and probiotic food supplements.
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Identification of probiotic lactobacili in dairy products
Dofková, Květoslava ; Rittich, Bohuslav (referee) ; Španová, Alena (advisor)
The genus Lactobacillus is part of intestinal microbiota which constitution plays important role in health and well-being of the host. Probiotic properties of lactobacili have been studied in lot of studies and clinical effects (immune enhancement, prevention of diarrhoeal disease etc.) of some probiotic species have been documented. Therefore bacteria of genus Lactobacillus are used in the production of fermented dairy products and probiotic preparations. PCR method based on amplification of 16S – 23S rRNA intergenic spacer regions was developed for identification of Lactobacillus species presented in dairy products. Whole DNA obtained by phenol extraction from dairy product Actimel Natur was used in this work as template for PCR. Purified DNA was amplificated by genus-specific PCR. Bacteria of genus Lactobacilllus were detected due to the detection of specific PCR product. Using species-specific PCR probiotic species Lactobacillus casei was detected in the Actimel Natur in quantity that approximately corresponded to declared amounts.
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Identification of selected probiotic bacteria in food additives
Bubeníková, Lucia ; Španová, Alena (referee) ; Rittich, Bohuslav (advisor)
Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are gram-positive bacteria which belong to the lactic acid bacteria group. They are ordinary constituents of gastrointestinal microflora, play a pivotal role in human nutrition and health, prevent pathogen colonization and maintain normal mucosal immunity. In present days they are used in production of functional food products and pharmaceutical additives. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to the detection and identification of bacteria which belong to the genus of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Specific primers for each genus are used in PCR reactions for in vitro amplification of definite part of DNA. In this work, total DNA was isolated from three additives (Pangamin Bifi plus, Biopron Junior and Probiodom) by the method of phenol extraction and amplified using genus-specific PCR primers giving amplicons of 523 bp (Bifidobacterium) and 250 bp (Lactobacillus). Occurrence of bacteria of both genera was proved in all of the three tested probiotic products.
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Importance of probiotics in child's nutrition
Augustová, Kamila ; Vítová, Eva (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
With great advances in science, medicine and knowledge of a man at the high level of treatment. However, even today the humanity seeking to return to its roots - the nature and use it to maintain its good health. The term probiotics is meant by living organisms that are capable of resettling in the human intestine and have a positive impact on maintaining healthy intestinal microorganisms, which also reflected the positive effects on human health in general. Company Valosun a.s. provided for testing probiotický food supplement for children, which was tested mothers with children preschool age and pregnant. The aim of our sociological survey was to determine what is the awareness of the issue of probiotics in this group, the perception of the queried the availability of probiotics and what are the most common reasons for their use.
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Probiotic foods
Páterová, Alena ; Navrátilová, Jana (referee) ; Vítová, Eva (advisor)
This bachelor thesis summarizes the knowledge about problematic of probiotics and their positive effects on human health. Probiotics are live microorganisms, which, at application in appropriate quantity as component of food, have health benefit in humans and animals. Probiotics are already an important component of treatment in gastroenterology, in hepatology, at treatment of urogenital system, at prevention and therapy of cancer and mycoses. The best known probiotics are lactic acid bacteria, of which most often used are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera. Lactic acid bacteria because of their unique metabolic characteristics are involved in many fermentation processes of milk, meat and vegetables. We can say, that advances in probiotic bacteria research are beneficial for both the consumers and the producers.
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Possibilities of use of food supplements in prevention and health care calves
PÁNIKOVÁ, Monika
The basis for a successful cattle production is the proper care taking of pregnant cows as well as a sufficient care taking of the new-born calves. During the last years, a big attention has been given to this area because the higher farming quality the higher economic benefits and the lower losses in meat and milk yield will be respectively. For this reason, an influence of different feed supplements (Lactovita, Biopolym, Homeopathics) on haematological and biochemical parameters as well as an effect on weight gain and amounts of microorganisms in new-born calves has been studied. The specific aim of this thesis is to evaluate an influence of these supplements on incidences of diarrhea, microbial activity and to assess its effect on selected haematological and biochemical blood parameters. Three experimental and one control group (ten calves per each) were set up in the chosen company. The experimental groups had a modified feeding ratio between the first and the fourth week of life the calves received either colostrum + 5ml "PVB" homeopathic or colostrum + 5 ml "Biopolym" prebiotics or colostrum + 1 pill of "Lactovita", while the control group received colostrum without supplement. The first day after birth, a blood sample and a microbial smear sample were taken. Second sample collection was carried out in the fourth week of life. The calves were weighed every week. Obtained data were processed graphically and in tables and were statistically evaluated. The influence of mentioned feed additives on weight gain and diarrhea occurrence was evaluated from the obtained results. The most of haematological and biochemical parameters have approximately the same values compared to those found by other authors. There were no significant differences in monitored parameters in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Furthermore, no influence was found on blood parameters. Only in case of zinc a significant difference was found between treated groups and control (p=0,0012). Changes between the treated groups (independently on control) were observed in haematocrit, total protein content, cholesterol, zinc and copper. Non-significant differences between the tested groups and control were found in haemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, glycaemia, urea, LF, GMT, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. No impact of tested supplements was found on microbial composition. A positive effect of Lactovita, Biopolym and Homeopathic compared to the control group was found in case of weight gain. The obtained results show some positive trends which should be a subject for further research, where total amount of calves per groups is increased to reduce variability.
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Influence of selected feeding supplements on the occurrence of coccidias in digestive tract of pheasants
ŠÍP, Pavel
The occurrence of coccidiosis is an enormous problem of pheasant farming. The aim of this study is to show, that this disease can be cured by unconventional dietary supplements. Dietary supplements which were used in this study were as follows: prebiotics (Ascophyllum nodosum), probiotics (Lactobacillus fermentum), homeopathics, Sulfacox and scrap from the seed by Vitis vinifera. The experiment took place in the Ranč Daniela farm in the town Hůrka (close to the Horní Planá Town) from 26.7.2014 to 5.10.2014. Six groups of pheasants were made - three experimental groups and one control group. All groups were consisted of 15 individuals. The pheasant Phasianus colchicus was used in this experiment. Dietary supplements were served for two weeks, than the serving stopped for two weeks and continued again. The samples of excrements were tested all the study long using the floatation method in Sheather's sugar solution. The results were marked and evaluated. The favourable effect of Ascophyllum nodosum, homeopatics and Lactobacillus fermentum on the intestinal tract of pheasant was significant.
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