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Vliv roku na růstovou schopnost a průběhy porodů plemene charolais ve vybraném chovu
Ludvíková, Lenka
The aim of this master thesis was to evaluate the effect of the year on the growth ability and the birth process of charolais breed at the selected organic farm. Review is focused on the characteristics of charolais, breeding, performance testing, births, birth weight, growth, calving season, livestock grazing, organic farming and cattle breeding in organic farming. Evaluated results from the growth ability recording scheme on the private organic farm were described in experimental part of this work. Measured values were birth weight, weight in 120 and 210 days. Further the experimental part was focused on the birth process. All presented results were compared with values from the Czech Republic records. It has been found that charolais from the organic private farm has higher average growth ability compares to the Czech Republic. In the years 2011 to 2015 was measured average birth weight of 46.7 kg for bulls and 42.9 kg for heifers. Average weight at 120 days was 196.1 kg for bulls and 180.3 kg for heifers. Average weight at 210 days was 324.7 kg for bulls and 295.1 kg for heifers. The births were almost always evaluated like easy in the monitored farm. During evaluating calving season, results show 63% of the births from January to March. At the end is evaluate the impact of the air temperature and rainfall on the yield on feed, where we can say that for the growth of grassland is not important how many millimeters of annual rainfall is, but the distribution and frequency of rainfall.
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Vliv dotace mikroprvků u masného skotu na parametry užitkovosti a koncentraci mikroprvků v krvi telat
Kořínek, Matěj
Aim of this thesis was to evaluate influence of inorganic selenium given, in a form of mineral supplement compound, to cows and their calves in order to supply their organism with selenium and also for the utilitarian traits. These were divided into two groups of six and supplemented with two different forms of selenium: group A was given inorganic sodium selenite, group B was given organic selenomethionine. Cows that were examined before the start of supplementation had average activity GPX in blood samples from group A 847,06 +- 170,77 ukat/l and group B 791,30 +- 91,20 ukat/l and concentration of Se of group A: 136,70 +- 27,97 ug/l and group B 95,77 +- 20,05 ug/l. It was found that cows postpartum had higher activity of GPx by 26% in group A and by 45% in group B. Difference between groups was statistically inconclusive (p < 0,28). Increase in concentration of selenium in blood of cows in group A was 7,5% and in group B 5%. In blood of newborn calves of both groups was not found conclusive difference of GPx (p < 0,43). Concentration of selenium in group calves A 160,18 +- 18,07 ug/l and group B 105,30 +- 24,26 ug/l. Difference in concentration of selenium in blood of cows and calves was statistically conclusive (p < 0,05), but because this difference was conclusive already before the supplement compound was given both inorganically and organically bound selenium, this result cannot be interpreted as conclusive influence of different forms of selenium supplemented. Weight and weight gain of calves were balanced between groups and statistically did not differ (p < 0,39). It can be concluded that both forms of selenium had analogical biological effect on focused parameters.In blood of newborn calves no conclusive difference in GPx was found
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The analyse of Charollais catlle breeding
Šebestová, Eva ; Toušová, Renata (advisor) ; Stupka, Roman (referee)
The aim was to create a literary recherche about breeding of meat breeds and add to it a small rating sample of selected indicators of meat production in the selected Charolais herd. The values were determined based on regular weighting coming out of a yield control (birth weight, weight at 120 and 210 days of age). The results were processed into charts and tables disaggregated by sex to be clear.
The theoretical part is dedicated to the analysis of a breeding of Charolais meat herd. It focuses on the description of housing in summer and winter, nutrition of cows throughout a year, mating and calving of cows, general organization in a herd.
The monitored herd of Charolais meat breed belongs to the agricultural company, which is located in Telč near Jihlava. The main business is crop and livestock production. Crop production is mainly focused on cereals, oilseed rape and maize silage. In livestock production dominates breeding of a Holstein breed and milk production. Meat herd is located in the village Rozsíčka, which lies near Telč.
At the time of observation were in the herd in total 37 pieces, including 29 cows and 8 heifers. In a calving season 37 calves were born alive and a weighing was done on a total of 35 pieces in all age categories. From this number were 17 heifers and 18 bullocks.
Based on detected data individual weights were compared and leveled within the herd by sex and then compared with averages of an evaluated yield control over the country.
The average birth weight for heifers was 37 kg, which coincides with the national average of 37.4 kg and the average birth weight for bullocks is exactly equal to the average in the country, namely 40 kg.
The average weight recorded by heifers at 120 days of age was 176 kg and 186 kg by bulls. Both values are above average compared to the whole republic. At 210 days of age heifers with the average weight of 267 kg and bulls with 282 kg are below average of the republic. Daily gain from birth to 210 days of age was by heifers 1.1 kg and 1.16 kg by bulls.
Furthermore, number of births were avaluated in each month. Heifers were born mostly in April from the whole period, a total of 10 pieces. By bulls a number of births is distributed evenly among all months compared to heifers. Overall, it can be determined that the greatest frequency of calving falls on the first third of summer feast, especially on April.
From the results is meat yield of the herd rated as above average. The main influence on the achieved values has a culling which is consistently performed for fertility, easiness of births, milkiness of mothers. Further, from a smaller herd point of view it is assured enough of quality food throughout a year.
From a reproduction point of view a very long period of time falls on a calving and that impairs an organization of a breeding.
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Vlivy působící na odpočinkové chování krav plemene charolais na pastvě ve vybraném chovu
Kuráňová, Martina
The aim of this study was to determine how resting behavior is affected by time of day, temperature and seasons in cattle at the pasture. The experiment took place from spring to autumn, on a farm in the village of Bystřice and its surroundings. The herd was always monitored for 10h and individual expressions of life were recorded every 15 min. At the same time, temperature was measured in the interval of 30 minutes. With Charolais cattle were monitored frequencies of lying/standing and preferential behavior of cattle while resting such as preference of left or right side of the body and the choice between sunny or shady place for lying/standing. Time of day especially had an influence on the choice between lying in the sun or shade. Animals during the morning hours prefer lying in the sun, after 13 h herd opted shadow. Regarding temperature, there was mainly influenced preferential behavior, in terms of choosing a place to rest. With increasing temperature, animals statistically significantly preferred a shady place to lie down. On the contrary, it was evident that at colder temperatures animals liked to lying down on the sun. The ratio of lying and standing animals was slightly influenced by temperature and animals were mostly lying more than standing. Seasons influenced both the selection of places to rest as well as the ratio of standing and lying animals. Bigger amount of the animals were recorded standing at spring. In contrast, in the summer and fall, herd was lying more often. In spring and autumn, animals preferred lying in the sun and in the summer herd preferred lying down in the shade. There were also monitored other vital signs, such as movement, food intake, water intake, urination and defecation, comfortable and social behavior.
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Rozdíly v odpočinkovém chování krav plemen český strakatý skot a charolais ve vybraném chovu
Fadrný, Petr
The thesis "The Differences in Cows' Relaxation Behaviour of the Czech Pied Cattle Breed and Selected Charolais Breed" is focused mainly on the period of standing and lie down. As for both breeds' lie down a left and right side preference is studied. Standing is divided according to two aspects -- period of standing and standing-eating. The observation was performed on a farm "ZePo, a.s. Libchavy" in November 2014 and was proceeding in two phases. The observation took place in three stables, specifically in a binding stable for cows of Czech Pied cattle breed, free hutch stables for cows of Charolais breed and free hutch stables for dairy-cows. From the full number of cows, in the stables, the group of 20 cows was selected, with the average milk yield of about 24 kilograms and in 150 lactation days. Among monitored factors influencing the cows' behaviour the following ones were chosen: breed and technology of stabling. Concerning the influence of breed on standing highly significant matches were found (p<0,01) As for the preference of the left side or right side the differences in the Czech Pied cattle were statistically highly significant (p<0,01) and Charolais breed statistically insignificant (p>0, 05). Due to the stabling technology there were not differences in the standing and standing-eating, the result was statistically highly significant (p<0,01). The binding stable indicates the preference for diary-cows to the right side with the high statistical significance (p<0,01). In the free stable cows prefer the left side without statistical significance (p>0,05).
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Zhodnocení růstové schopnosti plemene Charolais ve vybraném chovu hospodařícím v systému ekologického zemědělství
Ludvíková, Lenka
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to characterize charolais breed and it's growth ability under the Czech conditions. Review is focused on history of breeding. Closely are described births, growth and exterior appearance. Further the thesis is focused on organic farming and cattle breeding in organic farming. Evaluated results from the growth ability recording scheme on the private Czech organic farm in Vysočina region were described in experimental part of this thesis. It was focused on birth weight, weight in 120 and 210 days. Presented results were comprised with average production in the Czech Republic with the private Czech Organic Farm Lenka Ludvíková. Further the experimental part was focused on the birth processes which were comprised with the Czech Republic. It has been found that charolais from the organic private farm has higher average growth ability compared to the Czech Republic. In the years 2011, 2012, 2013 was measured average birth weight of 47,3 kg for bulls and 43,1 kg for heifers. Average weight at 120 days was 199,3 kg for bulls and 181,6 kg for heifers. Average weight at 210 days was 329,9 kg for bulls and 302,3 kg for heifers. The births were in the monitored farm almost always easy.
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Vybrané vlivy působící na tržní produkci stáda krav plemene Charolais
Stránská, Veronika
This thesis is focused on the evaluation of selected influences acting on the commercial production of Charolais cows. I evaluated the influence of the number of cows kept, the number of calves born, mortality and adverse selection. Herd turnover was monitored in Tvrdkovská zemědělska farma for one year. In each month were determined inputs and outputs in all categories. After evaluating the effects, I found that for market production is the most important number of calves born. Funds from the sale of calves make up the largest sales. Farm in 2013 earned a total of 5,993,582 CZK. For the sale of calves 3,836,916 CZK. Another factor increasing sales was sale of discarded pieces, which makes farms earned 2,156,666 CZK.
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Influence selected factors on growth and carcass quality of fattening bulls
KOCINOVÁ, Marie
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence selected factors on growth and carcass value of bulls fattened to slaughter weight in the reference herd of Czech Pied cattle breed and its crosses with meat breeds. A total of 70 pieces were observed among breeds of bulls, 32 bulls were of Czech Pied breed, 29 bulls of Czech Pied breed hybrid beef breeds bulls and 9 were crossbred beef cattle. Bulls for fattening were stopped at the age of 9-12 months and were fattened for around two years, 24 months of age.
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