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On Word Order from the Communicative Point of View
Rysová, Kateřina ; Zikánová, Šárka (advisor) ; Uhlířová, Ludmila (referee) ; Hajičová, Eva (referee)
1 Kateřina Rysová Annotation The presented thesis is focused on the Czech word order of contextually non-bound verbal modifications. It monitors whether there is a basic order in the contextually non-bound part of the sentence (significantly predominant in frequency) in the surface word order (cf. narodit se v Brně v roce 1950 vs. narodit se v roce 1950 v Brně; literally to be born in Brno in 1950 vs. to be born in 1950 in Brno). At the same time, we try to find out the factors influencing the word order (such as the form of modifications, their lexical expression or the effect of verbal valency). Finally, we briefly compare the word order tendencies in Czech and German. For the verification of the objectives, mainly the data from the Prague Dependency Treebank are used. The work is based on the theoretical principles of Functional Generative Description. Research results demonstrate that, at least in some cases, it is possible to detect certain general tendencies to use preferably one of two possible surface word order sequences in Czech. Abstract The aim of the doctoral thesis is to describe particular aspects of the Czech (and partly also German) word order in the sentences coming mainly from journalistic texts. The first part examines the role of different types of verbal modifications in sentence...
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A Comparison of Syntactic Structures in the Bible Translations from 1550 and 1992 with Regard to Morphological Changes
Pavlisová, Jana ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Houhová, Jana (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to study differences and correspondences in the syntactic structures in two Danish translations of the Bible which were made in two fundamentally different times; this means in the first complete translation of the Bible into Danish, the so-called Christian III Bible from the year 1550, and in the contemporary translation of the Bible from the year 1992. The studied corpus is represented by the Gospel of John. The main areas of research are word order in main clauses and subordinate clauses, and use of conujunctions in chosen types of subordinate clauses. The work points out the possible influence of its translation template, the Luther Bible from the the year 1545, on the syntax of the Christian III Bible. Key terms: Christian III Bible, 1992 Bible, conjunctions, word order, syntax, diachrony
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Word order reconstruction
Dvořák, Tomáš ; Vidová Hladká, Barbora (advisor) ; Mírovský, Jiří (referee)
A word order reconstruction is a re-arrangement of words to get a gramma- tically correct sentence. It is a very useful task for the applications of natural language processing, machine translation, speech recognition or construction artificial communication partners. We present a corpus-based approach to the task of word order reconstruction. We use two methods: morfological and syntactical method. Both methods use output from the external module. This approach is designed independently on the application where the word order reconstruction can help improve overall performance. Czech and English will be used as the object language. 1
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The pronominal subject in Italian in comparison to Czech.
SPOLKOVÁ, Simona
The topic of this diploma thesis is pronominal subject in Italian in comparison to Czech. The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical part. In the first theoretical part, the autor initially investigates the syntax, briefly defines constituensts of sentence and then describes in detail the Italian and Czech subject. Author will focus his attention primarily on the obligatory expression pronominal subject. In the following practical part, the author makes a comparison the obligatory expression pronominal subject in Italian and Czech based on selected literary texts from a parallel corpus InterCorp. The main objective of this work will be to determine whether the distribution of an obligatory pronominal subject is same or different in the two compared languages.
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Structures with thematization and rhematization in Spanish journalistic texts.
HAJDUKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of the thesis "Structures with thematization and rhematization in Spanish journalistic texts" is to show how Spanish and Czech language achieve the thematization and rhematization of utterences. The theoretical part deals with some different theories of the word-order which are supported by Czech, Spanish and even world-recognized linguists. In the thesis there are mentioned theoretic approaches of Daneš, Mathesius, Sgalla and Firbase who in their work deal with the present-day sentence structure and thematical sequences and the thoery of Hernado Cuadrado and Fernández Soriano which talks about the dislocation to the left. The second, the practical, part is focused on the frequency of occurrence of the cleft sentences using which both languages achieve the thematization and rhematization and also on the comparison of the chosen issues on the basis of the Czech and Spanish journalistic articles.
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Form and Frequency of the Expression of Subject in Spanish and Czech Non-Literary Texts
ŽŮRKOVÁ, Petra
The purpose of this Diploma Thesis is to describe very clearly the form and frequency of the subject in Spanish non-literary texts in comparison with Czech. The Thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical passage is focused on description and characterization of Czech and Spanish subjects, based on particular representative grammars. I have used primarily The Hand Grammar of Czech Language for a description of the subject in Czech texts and to describe the subject in Spanish I have especially used The New Grammar of Spanish. Further theoretical chapters of the Thesis are focused on word order and journalistic style. The practical part contains the results of analysis of the form and frequency of the subject in non-literary texts. The result of these analysis helps us to compare all occurrences of researched languages. Summary in Spanish makes part in the end of this Thesis.
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