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An alternative view on Czech banking sector's riskiness
Kubeš, Jan ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Troch, Tomáš (referee)
Riskiness of Czech banking sector is subject of interest of this thesis. Since the beginning of 21st century, there is moderately growing number of banks and their overall profitability expressed in absolute values is increasing. Ratio of non-performing loans to total loans is also displaying optimistic values. Four indicators of riskiness are studied through data about Czech banks from 2008 to 2015. These indicators are: z-score, leverage ratio, RWA density and ratio of non- performing loans to total loans. Rather low correlations among these indicators are found, the highest correlation (0,670) is between leverage ratio and RWA density, on the other hand the lowest one (0,093) is between z-score and NPL ratio. In aggregate form are three of the indicators displaying stable trend to lower riskiness in 2008-2015 period, the same can be stated about NPL ratio in 2010-2015 period. Then is regression analysis employing fixed effects estimation and random effects estimation used, with the aim to identify determinants of the four indicators. Size of banks expressed in logarithm of total assets is significant in only one model with RWA density on the place of dependent variable. This significance is at 10 per cent level and corresponding coefficient is negative. In contrary, growth of assets and dummy...
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The relationship between central banks and commercial banks
Růžek, Lukáš ; Bakeš, Milan (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the relationship of the central bank with commercial banks. A central bank perform important functions, and thus it has its own set of competencies needed to achieve its objectives. To those functions belong, above all, participation in creation of binding legal acts and supervision over banking institutions. The Czech National Bank is the central bank of the Czech Republic, and its activities and status are governed, especially, by Act. No. 6/1993 Coll., on the Czech National Bank, as amended. This diploma thesis is divided into three sections. The first section is devoted to the theoretical framework of central banking. The second section is focused on the Czech National Bank and its powers and functions. The last section deals with the development of banking regulation on the international level. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to identify individual interactions between the Czech National Bank and commercial banks.
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Regulation of financial markets: Islam vs. conventional financial systems
Valachová, Sára ; Urban, Jan (advisor) ; Borkovec, Aleš (referee)
v anglickém jazyce This theses deals with the nature of Islamic banks and their products in the context of the regulation of financial markets and banking. Islamic banking can be understood as a banking activity that is consistent with sharia - Islamic law. Despite considerable obstacles that Islamic banking has faced in the past, it now occupies a significant and growing portion of the global financial system. In the first part, I will introduce the principles of Islamic law, on which Islamic banking is built, along with the key principles of Islamic finance. Special attention is also paid to the recent history of Islamic banking. Following is a section dealing with selected banking products offered by Islamic banks, whose understanding is crucial for the comprehension of the specific challenges that Islamic banks are facing. The second part is devoted to the issues of regulation of Islamic banks. Firstly, an overview of international regulatory institutions operating in the field of Islamic finance is given and I further explore the question of the impact of Basel III measures on Islamic banks. Due to its nature, Islamic banks are in need of further internal and external audit which examines compliance of their activities with Islamic law. This work is carried out by Sharia Supervisory Boards...
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Legal regulation of the activities of banks
Košťál, Filip ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
in English - Diploma thesis - Filip Košťál The topic of this thesis is "Legal Regulation of Banking Activities". Firstly, the thesis describes reasons and theoretical basis for regulation of banks. Next, the thesis focuses on three levels of regulation of banking, i.e., regulation within the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, which prepares recommendations, which, however, are mostly followed by regulatory activities at the European Union level. Last but not least, the thesis also focuses on Czech legislation, which is, together with directly applicable regulations of the European Union binding for banks carrying out activities in the Czech Republic. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide the reader with a consolidated insight into all three levels of banking regulation and point out potentially problematic points arising out of it. The thesis also illustrates some of the aspects of banking regulation on specific examples from the Czech banking sector. The abovementioned regulatory measures deal mostly with prudential rules for banks. The thesis, however, focuses also on some other selected areas of banking regulation, namely banking secrecy and its release with regard to credit registers, obligations of banks arising out of the act on selected measures against legitimisation of...
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Supervision in the banking industry
Košař, Martin ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
The aim of the thesis on Supervision in banking industry is to define the nature of banking regulation and banking supervision, including the rationale for their existence and the analysis of their goals. Another task of this work is to explain the ways of functioning of the basic components of banking regulation and supervision encountered in countries with market economies. The work also highlights the different perspectives, as well as some shortcomings of selected issues and outlines possible solutions. Finally, the aim of the thesis is to critically evaluate selected arguments for and against implementation of the European concept of the Single Supervisory Mechanism, including the assessment of the appropriateness of the Banking Union as a whole. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part is theoretical in nature and focuses on fundamental bases of banking regulation and supervision, with emphasis on their nature, reasons, objectives and possibilities of institutional arrangements. The chapter is supplemented with a discussion of selected regulatory and supervisory authorities which operate internationally. The second part deal with the basic components of the system of bank regulation and supervision which are entry into banking sector, basic rules of banking activities,...
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European banking regulation: a step towards banking union
Kubáňová, Klára ; Kotáb, Petr (referee) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
The aim of thesis European banking regulation: a step towards banking union is to analyze rules of banking regulation contained in CRD IV package, as well as other pillars the emerging banking union is built upon. The introduction is devoted to the development of harmonization of banking regulation rules at European and international level. The second part of the thesis focuses on the CRD IV package that comprises of CRR regulation and CRD directive, the reasons of its adoption, consequences and implications. The emphasis is placed especially on the capital reform; the thesis analyzes the qualification of equity instruments (common shares of a bank and additional deposits of a credit union) into Common Equity Tier 1 Capital according to CRD IV rules. The author further analyzes the implications of the regulatory reform for banks conducting banking activities within the European union and impact on legislative framework of the Czech Republic. In the following parts of the thesis the author discusses the nature, consequences and limits of the other pillars of banking union - Single Supervisory Mechanism, Single Resolution Fund and Single Deposit Guarantee Scheme.
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Supervision in banking industry
Kubáňová, Klára ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
The aim of submitted thesis Supervision in banking is to define the nature and the importance of banking supervision, to justify its existence and to analyze the applicable mechanisms while the system of banking regulation and supervision in this thesis is primarily examined in the European context, with a focus on the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the financial system and the importance of banks in this system, it defines the characteristics of banking systems, provides the definition of the term bank and describes the banking system and the banking environment in the Czech Republic. The second chapter focuses on general aspects of banking regulation and supervision, it defines and distinguishes these concepts; furthermore, it specifies its objectives and deals with the arguments against banking regulation and supervision. The third chapter analyzes the various instruments of banking regulation, in particular the banking license, and other particular requirements, including but not limited to capital adequacy requirement. The chapter also deals with the compulsory deposits insurance and the position of the central bank as a lender of last resort. The fourth chapter focuses on banking supervision, which involves mainly the examination...
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Regulation of commercial banking by the central bank
Arnstein, Jan ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
Regulation of commercial banking by the central bank The aim of my thesis is to clarify the issue of banking regulation of commercial banks in the Czech Republic and to analyze their functioning. Due to the extent of the topic of this thesis I focused mainly on prudential rules for banks, which are one of the main instruments of banking regulation. The introduction defines the Czech banking sector. There are described both of its general characteristics, as well as the particular entities that are present, including the Czech National Bank and its competence in the area of banking regulation and supervision. The second chapter deals with the banking regulation itself. As an introduction it is generally analyzed in theoretical level especially with regard to the reasons for its existence. Further there is also described the current legislation in the Czech Republic in detail, including its link with the rules of international and European law. Then there are presented all its essential parts and its influence to banks is analyzed. The third chapter deals with prudential rules in detail. As an introduction the concept of prudential business is analyzed and the risks of the banking business are described which represents the main aspect of this part of regulation. Further there are analyzed the...
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The central bank, its scope of activities and legal status
Volfová, Klára ; Kotáb, Petr (advisor) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
The central bank, its activities and position Abstract Central banks are in today's global banking system an indispensable part of a stable functioning market economies. I was always interested in these issues. I studied these issues in another master's degree course. The subject of this thesis is the central banking system in the Czech Republic and in the European Union. In the first chapter I focus on definition of banking and on the characteristics of three models of the banking system (single-stage, two-and three-stage banking system). The second chapter is the largest of all chapters. In this chapter I deal with the formation of Monetary Union, the creation of the European central banking system and the foundation of the European Central Bank. I analyze the legal base of European Central Bank, its organizational structure, issuing of legal acts, the capital. I deal with the introduction of the euro in member and non-member countries too. Special attention is paid the independence of the European Central Bank. I analyze its institutional, personal, financial, material and budgetary independence. The conclusion of this chapter deals with the preparations for the introduction of the euro in the Czech Republic. In the third chapter I describe the historical development of European central banking and the...
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Resolving banking crises
Juhász, Michal ; Seknička, Pavel (advisor) ; Bažantová, Ilona (referee)
The Diploma Thesis deals with the banking crisis and aims to account for different approaches to the understanding of the nature of banking crisis. The Thesis further aims to provide answers why the banking crisis are caused and why so far there are no measures that would effectivelly prevent such crisis. At first, the Thesis states the definition of banking with the emphasis on banks as the institutional backbone of the current functioning of the financial system. The Thesis pays specific attention to the characteristics of two basic legal banking instruments, particulary loans and deposits. While acknowledging the loan expansion, the thesis argues the role of regulatory authorities and the limits of their competences in regards to the prevention of crisis. Followingly, the Thesis offers a view on a banking crisis phenomenon with appropriate historical overview outlining the banking crisis in Czechoslovakia in years 1918 to 1939 and after 1989, the loan expension influence on the business cycles and approaches to banking crisis solving in respect to stabilization of the banking system and restructuring of banks. At last but not least, the Thesis sums up the global financial crisis that started as a banking crisis, respectively as a crisis of one segment of the banking market in the United States...
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