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Steam turbine for municipal waste incinerator
Holík, Michal ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The thesis focuses on the design of a condensing steam turbine for a waste incineration plant. The design includes the supply of heat to the district heating system with a temperature gradient of 55/75 °C and an output of 15 MWt in the summer period, and the supply of heat to the district heating system with a temperature gradient of 65/120 °C and an output of 45 MWt in the winter period. The first stage of the turbine is a controlled stage with impulse blading. This is followed by the stepped section, which consists of 7 cones with a total of 40 stages. These stages were subsequently strength-verified. A balancing piston, gland steam system, and bearings were designed. Finally, the operational characteristic of the turbine was constructed.
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Assessment of the change in the fuel base of the Počerady combi cycle power plant
Krakovský, Matej ; Lisý, Martin (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
Combined cycle is a thermal cycle, that is used in thermal power plants mainly because of its high efficiency – combination of a gas turbine and a steam turbine, where we use the waste heat from the gas turbine in the steam cycle. The aim of this thesis was the determination of parameters in case of fuel exchange, that means mixing hydrogen into natural gas. Calculation model was related to the specific power plant – combined cycle in Počerady. The thesis is completed with the theoretical description of fuels and the description of individual thermal cycles. One chapter is also dedicated to details of the powerplant in Počerady.
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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Urbánek, Roman ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The master's thesis deals with the design of a condensing steam turbine for a biomass power plant with off-takes for heating heaters with a temperature drop of 60/80 °C in summer and 70/125 °C in winter, and off-takes for low-pressure regeneration. The nominal thermal output of the heat exchangers is 0-10 MWt in summer and 0-50 MWt in winter. The thesis includes a detailed design of the flow parts of the steam turbine, from the design of the control stage, the staged part of the turbine, and the strength verification of individual stages to the design of the balancing piston, sealing system, and bearing design. In conclusion, the operational characteristics of the proposed steam turbine are depicted.
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Steam turbine for biomass power plant
Chumchal, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the design of a steam turbine for a biomass unit in two alternative solutions, with and without gearbox, for a given 30 MW clamp power. The design of both solutions works with the same heat cycle scheme, but the parameters at the low-pressure heater or at the inlet to the feed tank differ depending on the steam conditions in the turbine intakes. In the first part of the paper, a thermal balance scheme with low pressure regeneration is proposed and the steam flow through the turbine is calculated. Both variants have three unregulated bleeds, one of which is led to the degasification feed tank. For both variants a regulative stage is designed using impulse system of blading and a stage section using reactive blading. The work also includes the determination of axial force and the associated design of the balancing piston and gland steam system. Appropriate bearings were selected for the given force stresses. A graphical comparison of the two variants is presented in the paper, together with the operating characteristics. Finally, a conceptual section drawing of the steam turbine was made. The result is a turbine without gearbox with 36 stages and an efficiency of 82%, then with gearbox at 5400 min-1 with 27 stages and a thermodynamic efficiency of 86.7%.
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Steam Turbine to Drive the Crusher in the Sugar Factory
Ruzsík, Erik ; Lokaj, Jakub (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The thesis is focused on designing of backpressure steam turbine to drive the crusher in the sugar factory having the power input of the 2 200 kW. Thermodynamic calculation of two conceptual variations is gradually implemented in the thesis with the aim to determine the steam mass flow through the turbine. In the first version the control stage is selected as an A-wheel and in the second version as a Curtis wheel. The stage part of both versions consists of series action stages. Furthermore, it contains basic design of the gland steam system and the nozzle control system. Both radial and thrust bearings are designed based on the acting forces. The thesis also includes strength calculation of the selected components. The final part deals with comparison and evaluation of the optimal solution. Due to the small difference in rotor weight (m =19,72 kg), and especially for the less steam consumption (M = 4,87 kg/s), the first version can be considered as an optimal solution. This thesis is amended by a mechanical drawing of the turbine cross section on a common frame with a gearbox.
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Analysis of the condition of the K 220-44 steam turbine drainage pipeline and proposal of corrective measures
Horký, Jiljí ; Milčák, Pavel (referee) ; Šnajdárek, Ladislav (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the drainage pipeline of the Škoda K 220-44 steam turbine. This turbine is operated in Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant. One part of this work is proposal of corrective measures. The aims of this work include the creation of a search for drainage, steam, erosion corrosion and mapping of defects in long-term operated drainage system. Work also includes the evaluation of measured values of the pipe wall thickness measured by ultrasonic analyzer. In addition, the work contains images created from 3D model, on which the location of defects and measurements are displayed.
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Condensing steam turbine for a sugar factory
Kovaříček, Jakub ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
The main topic of the thesis Condensing steam turbine for a sugar factory is a comparison of the methodology for the design of twisted blades of the last low-pressure stages of a condensing steam turbine. The work is divided into the five parts. In addition to the Dunham, Pritchard and Trigg methodologies described in detail, the research in the first part also deals with other, briefly described methods. In the second part, a preliminary calculation of the thermal scheme in which the turbine should be operated is performed. An air condenser is selected behind the turbine. The third part is devoted to the preliminary and detailed calculation of the control degree. The next part deals with the preliminary thermodynamic calculation of the turbine, which has an overpressure blade and is divided into seven flow cones. The content of the following fifth part is a detailed design of the geometry of twisted blades of the last stage. The importance of twisting the blades in terms of efficiency is described here and it is possible to look at the issues of the whole process. The profile of the blades is modeled in detail using two methods and then compared on the mean diameter with the third method, which is modeled only in one section. While the Dunham method is the most time-saving, the generated blade shape is not ideal compared to the more time-consuming methods. The appendix contains a simplified drawing designed for stator and rotor blades.
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Steam turbine for biomass heating plant
Cmajdálka, Ondřej ; Fiedler, Jan (referee) ; Kracík, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis deals with the design of a condensing steam turbine for a biomass block burning wood chips with one regulated take for a hot water heat exchanger. The temperature gradient for the hot water is 90/110 ° C. The thesis guides through the designing proces of a steam turbine from the thermal scheme proposed according to the specified parameters, through the design of the regulatory stage and the stage part of the turbine, including strength calculation, to the design of the compensating piston, seals system and bearings. Finally, the operating characteristic of the turbine is constructed.
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Repair and Reconstruction of Steam Turbine
Trněný, Bohumil ; Ing.Miloš Dostál (referee) ; Fiedler, Jan (advisor)
The content of this diploma thesis is proposal of repair, reconstruction of equipment and installation of electrohydraulic regulation of steam turbine. Thesis is given for specific case. At the beginning there is a basic description of repairing turbine. The next part of thesis deals with checking of main turbine parts and recalculation of gland steam. In the following part there is revisional report with repair or exchange suggestions of demaged turbine parts, followed by description of turbine regulation reconstruction. The last part deals with economical evaluation used innovation and recommendations for repairment procedure.
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