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Attitudes toward Health and Illness in Muslim World
NOVOTNÁ, Dominika
This master thesis researches the perception of health and illness in the Muslim world. It aims to map out specific viewpoints related to health and disease within this context. The research is guided by four key questions: How do Muslims perceive the value of health?, How do Muslims perceive illness?, What was their views on healthcare provided by the public health system, and what expectations do they have?, What has been their experience with the care they received? Did it meet their expectations? The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on three main areas: transcultural nursing care, Islam, and specific considerations in treatment of Muslim patients. Each area introduces fundamental concepts that are subsequently explored in the research section. Hence, the theoretical part covers the concept of the "rising sun" model, the theory of care, and the importance of understanding cultural nuances. In the second part, the thesis focuses on terms relevant to Islam, including the Prophet Muhammad, the Quran, and the five pillars of Islam. The final section discusses theories related to caring for Muslim patients, emphasizing communication, respect for personal space, attitudes toward health and illness, and unique particularities. The empirical part of the thesis was elaborated through qualitative research using semi-structured interviews. A total of twenty-two questions were posed to six Muslim participants residing in the Czech Republic. These interviews provided valuable data for further exploration. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a pen-and-paper method. The results of the entire research study were categorized into four main areas, containing a total of fourteen subcategories. These findings provide comprehensive insights into the perception of health and illness in the Muslim world, as well as aspects related to prevention and the public healthcare system. It was proved by the study that the public healthcare system in the Czech Republic is highly regarded by Muslims, who can rely on its services. However, a significant challenge lies in the insufficient cultural competence of healthcare personnel when providing care to patients who adhere to Islam. Based on the collected and analyzed data, educational materials have been developed. These materials aim to enhance the knowledge of healthcare professionals, enabling them to understand the fundamental specifics of caring for Muslim patients. By doing so, healthcare providers can proactively address potential issues, improve the patient experience during their stay in healthcare facilities, and offer valuable support during challenging life situations.
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The process and role of the social worker in patients in the terminal stage of illness
PROKEŠ, Vojtěch
The thesis deals with the process and role of the social worker regarding patients in the terminal stage of illness. The first chapter of the thesis focuses on the description of palliative and hospice care, their aims, and types. The following chapter describes the terminal stage, explaining what the terminal stage is, what phases of coping with dying a person goes through at the end of life, what rights the dying person has and what his/her needs are. It also focuses on dying, death and grieving itself. The third part describes the work of the multidisciplinary team and its members. The role of the social worker is depicted in the last chapter, where it is explained what activities they perform and how they communicate with patients and team members.
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The role of disease-related olfactory cues in diagnostics
Adamová, Adéla ; Schwambergová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Eretová, Petra (referee)
Correct and prompt diagnosis of the disease is the key first step to successful treatment. At the same time, for many diseases, early diagnosis is even essential for a complete recovery of the organism. However, many of the commonly used diagnostic tools are quite demanding and time-consuming for patients, as they consist of a whole set of examinations. One of the other potential options is diagnosis based on human body odour. Human body odour is somewhat stable, but there are factors that can alter it. One of these factors is certain diseases. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the substances contained in the body odour of patients can be identified by certain animals, particularly trained dogs, or by analytical methods such as gas chromatography. Recently, a number of studies have investigated the use of these methods, seeking to clarify the breadth of their use while highlighting their non-invasiveness. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to provide a theoretical review of studies that deal with the diagnosis of diseases from human body odour, particularly using animal olfaction. The thesis summarizes the literature focusing on this topic, highlights the advantages and disadvantages of diagnosis using body odour, critically evaluates the methodology used in the presented studies and points...
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Analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989
Zubrová, Soňa ; Čabanová, Bohumila (advisor) ; Orságová, Petra (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut sociologických studií Katedra veřejné a sociální politiky Soňa Zubrová Analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989 Abstrakt Praha 2011 Abstrakt The system of the Czech Republic health insurance stands for one of the pillars of the social security in the Czech Republic. Within last twenty years is has been changed significantly several times. The changes have been intended to contribute mainly to the reduction in the number of exploited sickness leaves, to the strengthening of responsibility of employees, employers and physicians. After 1989 the system faced many legal modifications. This thesis is focused on analysis of the health insurance system in the Czech Republic after year 1989. The theoretical resources of the thesis are human and social rights, social security and its principles. The main segment of the theoretical part of the thesis is a function of the right for social security and a description of health insurance. The exploratory part of the thesis analyses the chosen occurrences relating to the health insurance system problems and thereby it responds to questions asked in the introduction of the thesis. The research has proved a diminishing percentage of sickness leaves in connection with accepted...
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Accompanying patients in hospitals
Zemanová, Radka ; Zimmermannová, Marie (advisor) ; Prokeš, Josef (referee)
The thesis "Counselling the Sick in Hospital" deals with the issue of hospital chaplaincy in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part defines key terms (illness, accompaniment, hospital chaplain), describes the challenges of the sick, addresses the question of their value and the meaning of life during illness, and describes the stages of coping with illness. The theological excursion deals with love from a biblical perspective and concludes with a chapter on the meaning of suffering. The empirical part consists of an analysis of articles on hospital chaplaincy, primarily interviews with chaplains. The topics from the interviews were sorted by frequency into chapters (introducing the service, prejudices, death, covid, etc.), in which chaplains express their opinions from various perspectives, which complement each other, and from which a media image of chaplaincy in the Czech Republic can be assembled. The results of their testimonies are summarized in the conclusion of the thesis.
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Prevalence and risk factors of malaria among children under 5 years and the prevention and treatment regimens in the Kitase community of Ghana
Amponsah, Ebo Owusu
The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of malaria in children under the age of five living in the Kitase Community in Ghana, as well as possible causes, preventative measures, and therapeutic approaches. The principal goals of the research were accomplished through the use of a hospital-based cross-section design, which required the gathering of primary data from women living in the Kitase township, which is located within the Akuapim South Municipal Assembly in Ghana. For the analysis, we utilised version 16 of the STATA statistical software. The chi-squared test and logistic regression were performed to determine the relationship between malaria incidence and household and environmental characteristics. Findings showed that malaria prevalence among under 5 children was 19.62% with a total of 46.15% with at least occurrence of malaria illness in the past three months. Also, ownership of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) was 77.31%, and its use among 58.46% of mothers. However, Environmental characteristics such as bushes, waste dumpsites, stagnant water, and breeding areas around the house increase the odds of malaria infection by AOR of 1.885, 2.455, 2.197, and 2.060, respectively. Therefore, the study recommends that health authorities in the study area ensure the proper usage of LLINs (mosquito nets) through regular and effective education on preventive measures and ensure that good sanitation is observed in settlements.
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Spiritual Accompaniment with Dying People and Palliative Patiens
Cehová, Beata ; Přibyl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Zimmermannová, Marie (referee)
The bachelor's thesis "Spiritual accompaniment about dying and palliative patients" deals with the spiritual care and approach of a seriously ill patient, is not only his body and social environment but especially his soul. Although modern secularized society is technologically advanced, despite these facts, the spiritual need in our health care system is minimally themed. This is more concerned of palliative care and the care of the dying, where the goal is no longer the cure of the disease, but the treatment of pain, the symptoms of the disease and the accompaniment to a reconciled departure from this world. My work deals with these questions in more detail and clarifies which spiritual approach is possible to calm the patient through believe and how it is possible to mature spiritually even in unmanageable moments.
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