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Significance of subclassification of sentinel lymph involvement in breast cancer for following surgical treatment
Červinka, Vladimír ; Jandík, Pavel (advisor) ; Schützner, Jan (referee) ; Fait, Vuk (referee)
Summary of histopathological analysis Sentinel lymph node biopsy is relatively new staging method in breast cancer women .Sentinel lymph nodes are assessed by hematoxylin eosin (HE) and by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The reason of the histopathological analysis of sentinel lymph nodes was to compare histological work up by HE with histological work up by IHC and based on this comparisone find if immunohistochemical examination of sentinel lymph nodes brings benefit to the patients or not. The goals of the histopathological analysis were to compare detection of macrometastases, micrometastases and submicrometastases in sentinel lymph nodes using hematoxylin-eosin examination and immunohistochemical examination according to the Czech Pathological Society guidelines. Between January 1st 2006 and December 31 st 2008 there were operated 173 patients with 174 breast cancer tumors at the Department of Surgery Pardubice. Based on size of metastases patients were stratified into groups according the American Joint Commitee on Cancer (AJCC). Totally, 173 patients underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy. One patient had bilateral tumor. There were performed 174 breast surgeries with sentinel lymph node biopsy. Using IHC examination there were found additional 15 (8,6%) patients with submicrometastases in...
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USE OF TUMOR MARKERS IN POSTOPERATIVE PROGNOSIS OF NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER
Šafránek, Jarmil ; Klečka, Jiří (advisor) ; Schützner, Jan (referee) ; Haruštiak, Svetozár (referee) ; Čapov, Ivan (referee)
USE OF TUMOR MARKERS IN POSTOPERATIVE PROGNOSIS OF NON-SMALL- CELL LUNG CANCER Introduction: The most frequently used prognostic parameters in clinical practice of NSCLC are disease stadium and affection of hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes. These phactors are not sufficient and therefore new prognostic parameters - tumor markers - are being searched for. Tumor markers regarding NSCLC have mainly been used so far to monitore effects of medical treatment or detection of carcinoma recurrency. The study concentrates on assessment of tumor markers significance for NSCLC. Methods: The total group includes 125 patients operated on for NSCLC in the years 2004-2007. Single groups of patients were assessed successively. Serum markers CYFRA 21-1, CEA, TK, TPS, and NSE were assessed in an immunoanalytical way in 34 patients: Serum parameters of angiogenesis through Luminex® xMAP® technology were assessed in 27 patients. Serum values of cytokeratins were assessed in an immunoanalytical way with 125 patients. Expressions of metalloproteinases (MMP-7, MMP-9) and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) were assessed in NSCLC tissue with 91 patients and in lung tissue with 12 patients with benign pulmonary disease. Finally, OS and DFI were assessed in accordance with tissue expression of metalloproteinases and their...
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Detection of Micrometastases in the Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Nodes at the Primary and Secondary Lung Tumors Using OSNA and Immunohistochemistry Metods.
Vejvodová, Šárka ; Vodička, Josef (advisor) ; Čapov, Ivan (referee) ; Schützner, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Current guidelines for treatment of lung cancer and lung metastases are based on morphology of the tumor and clinical stage of the disease. Correct determination of disease stage allows us to choose the optimal treatment therefore it is mandatory to determine the TNM classification as accurately as possible. State of lymphatic nodes together with the size of the primary tumor and the number of the metastases determine the adjuvant oncological therapy. According to guidelines, standard oncological treatment of pulmonary cancer, consist in radical removal of tumor tissue and in systematic nodal dissection, or more precisely in the specific lobar lymphadenectomy in indicated cases. The removed nodes are subjected to standard histopathological evaluation, which is able to reliably identify macrometastases, although micrometastases may not always be detected. There may be a situation, when lymph nodes are not found to be affected by cancer dissemination during the common histopathological evaluation, but may still contain micrometastases. Since carcinomas are tumors of epithelial origin, their essential proteins of intermediate cytoskeleton are the cytokeratins (CK). This fact can be used to detect micrometastases in regional lymph nodes. Since unaffected lymph nodes are formed by...
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