|
|
Phytomyxid infection of the seagrass Halophila stipulacea: phylogeny, distribution and new insights into its life cycle
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Škaloud, Pavel (referee)
Marine phytomyxids (Cercozoa: Phytomyxea) represent a group of obligate biotrophic eukaryotes known for infecting several algae and oomycetes and counted among three taxa generally reported to behave as seagrass-pathogens. Due to their low-key nature, they are observed only sporadically and very limited information about their diversity, life cycles or distribution is available. In order to extend the knowledge of this enigmatic group of marine protists, an extensive research on a phytomyxid found in the invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea was carried out. In situ observations, light and scanning electron microscopy and molecular methods were used to approach the species' ecology, geographical range and phylogenetic placement within the class Phytomyxea. The organism was confirmed to be present in the Red, the Mediterreanean and the Caribbean Sea, suggesting a potential case of a host-parasite comigration on a global scale. Phylogenetically it represents the first and so far the only described member of the "TAGIRI-5 environmental clade" - possibly a whole new order within the Phytomyxea, outside the already established Plasmodiophorida and Phagomyxida. The infection rates and times of occurrence are specified for all the finding-sites, indicating an interesting seasonal pattern in the...
|
|
|
Ericaceae root mycobionts: diversity, distribution and interactions with neighboring plants
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
The roots of ericaceous plants provide an environment to many fungal endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi.We can observe at least four mycorrhizal types in the family, of which the ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) is spread the most. The Ericaceae are able to survive in many different and often harsh habitats all over the world thanks to this symbiosis (from the tropical cloud forests, to the arctic tundra heathlands). The group of fungi, forming this relationship, used to be seen as a few very well circumscribed ascomycetes, namely Rhizoscyphus ericae (Read) Zhang & Zhuang and Oidiodendron maius Barron species. With the development of molecular methods, it was expanded of many other species, some of which belonging to Basidiomycota, particularly the order Sebacinales. The diversity of ErM fungal community varies at different geographic locations and it can be influenced by factors such as altitude or the surrounding ecosystem. However, due to lack of further information, we still know quite little about the species distribution. Although they are primarily symbionts of the Ericaceae, some ErM fungi can colonize wider spectrum of plant hosts. Their effect on these hosts is not yet fully understood. Most importantly, they increase the vitality of ericaceous plants and favor them in competition with adjacent...
|
|
|
Phytomyxid infection of the seagrass Halophila stipulacea: phylogeny, distribution and new insights into its life cycle
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Škaloud, Pavel (referee)
Marine phytomyxids (Cercozoa: Phytomyxea) represent a group of obligate biotrophic eukaryotes known for infecting several algae and oomycetes and counted among three taxa generally reported to behave as seagrass-pathogens. Due to their low-key nature, they are observed only sporadically and very limited information about their diversity, life cycles or distribution is available. In order to extend the knowledge of this enigmatic group of marine protists, an extensive research on a phytomyxid found in the invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea was carried out. In situ observations, light and scanning electron microscopy and molecular methods were used to approach the species' ecology, geographical range and phylogenetic placement within the class Phytomyxea. The organism was confirmed to be present in the Red, the Mediterreanean and the Caribbean Sea, suggesting a potential case of a host-parasite comigration on a global scale. Phylogenetically it represents the first and so far the only described member of the "TAGIRI-5 environmental clade" - possibly a whole new order within the Phytomyxea, outside the already established Plasmodiophorida and Phagomyxida. The infection rates and times of occurrence are specified for all the finding-sites, indicating an interesting seasonal pattern in the...
|
|
|
Ericaceae root mycobionts: diversity, distribution and interactions with neighboring plants
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
The roots of ericaceous plants provide an environment to many fungal endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi.We can observe at least four mycorrhizal types in the family, of which the ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) is spread the most. The Ericaceae are able to survive in many different and often harsh habitats all over the world thanks to this symbiosis (from the tropical cloud forests, to the arctic tundra heathlands). The group of fungi, forming this relationship, used to be seen as a few very well circumscribed ascomycetes, namely Rhizoscyphus ericae (Read) Zhang & Zhuang and Oidiodendron maius Barron species. With the development of molecular methods, it was expanded of many other species, some of which belonging to Basidiomycota, particularly the order Sebacinales. The diversity of ErM fungal community varies at different geographic locations and it can be influenced by factors such as altitude or the surrounding ecosystem. However, due to lack of further information, we still know quite little about the species distribution. Although they are primarily symbionts of the Ericaceae, some ErM fungi can colonize wider spectrum of plant hosts. Their effect on these hosts is not yet fully understood. Most importantly, they increase the vitality of ericaceous plants and favor them in competition with adjacent...
|
guest ::
