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Juvenile coloration of lizards
Bauerová, Anna ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Rehák, Ivan (referee)
This work summarizes the current knowledge about the coloration of the lizards - the mechanism of colour creation, to color (pigments and structural colors) and hormonal influence on the body colour. It deals with the possible functions of the coloration (antipredator, social, thermoregulation) and its creation. Further it is an overview of the works about juvenile coloration that deal with hypotheses about the function which the juvenile coloration in lizards performs. There are also mechanisms of juvenile coloration and influencing factors mentioned. The thesis includes an experimental part dealing with various coloration characters of juvenile and adult Eublepharidae. We chose several characters: striped tail of the juveniles, striped body of the juveniles, light stripe on the head of the juveniles, striped tail of the adults, striped body of the adults, light stripe on the head of the adults. On several phylogenetic trees we evaluated whether these are the derived characters. After comparing the trees it turned out that in the case of juvenile coloration it is probably an ancestral character. In the case of adult pattern we have not reached a clear conclusion. Key words: juvenile coloration, ontogenetic color change, lizards
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Coordination ability of children of older school age
Bauerová, Anna ; Hájková, Jana (advisor) ; Přibyl, Ivan (referee)
The thesis deals with the level of coordination skills of older school-age children. In this thesis, a slackline was chosen as a tool to increase specific coordination skills. Walking on a slackline - slacklining - is used in various sports as an additional training exercise. The theoretical part of the thesis discusses the growth and overall development of 12- year old children. Further, this part describes the human balance system as well as the history and theory of slacklining. The practical part depicts and explains all tests used for the research and the results of the tests before and after the research. The research was conducted with participation of second year students of the Voděradská eight-year secondary general school, Prague 10. Students were divided into two groups of eight. The first group was a control group (without slackline training) and the second group was a training group (these students underwent fourteen hours of training). The control group took tests before and after the research. During the research period, the control group students attended physical education classes according to their timetable. The training group took tests before and after the research and underwent fourteen hours of slackline training in the meantime (instead of one hour of physical education...
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Behavioural correlates of lizard colouration
Bauerová, Anna ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Rehák, Ivan (referee)
The coloration is a significant animal attribute which can be examined from the view of phylogenesis, ontogenesis, ecology or life-history parameters. In this thesis the method of coloration quantification and pattern complexity was developed, with the focus on Leopard gecko (Eublepharidae) family. are one of the most commonly breeded lizards, the great part of their popularity being due to their attractive "leopard" coloration. Yet we only know a little about their "wild" coloration. They have become an important organism for many etological and physiological experiments, the distinct color pattern change during ontogenesis being especially unusual. These aspects make them an ideal subject for coloration change and affecting parameters analysis. The results of this work show clear ekological pattern for coloration. The amount of black color correlates with the humidity and abundance of vegetation in the habitat of the species. The coloration quantification was also verified using spectrophotometry, which confirmed the original assumptions for colors included in the pattern. Given the absence of UV reflectance in the Leopard gecko pattern, we can assume that the UV spectrum pattern is not an essential parameter. Therefore, the photographies can be used for quantification as well. It is apparent...
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Juvenile coloration of lizards
Bauerová, Anna ; Frynta, Daniel (advisor) ; Rehák, Ivan (referee)
This work summarizes the current knowledge about the coloration of the lizards - the mechanism of colour creation, to color (pigments and structural colors) and hormonal influence on the body colour. It deals with the possible functions of the coloration (antipredator, social, thermoregulation) and its creation. Further it is an overview of the works about juvenile coloration that deal with hypotheses about the function which the juvenile coloration in lizards performs. There are also mechanisms of juvenile coloration and influencing factors mentioned. The thesis includes an experimental part dealing with various coloration characters of juvenile and adult Eublepharidae. We chose several characters: striped tail of the juveniles, striped body of the juveniles, light stripe on the head of the juveniles, striped tail of the adults, striped body of the adults, light stripe on the head of the adults. On several phylogenetic trees we evaluated whether these are the derived characters. After comparing the trees it turned out that in the case of juvenile coloration it is probably an ancestral character. In the case of adult pattern we have not reached a clear conclusion. Key words: juvenile coloration, ontogenetic color change, lizards
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Investigative algorithm of the gastrointestinal tract
BAUEROVÁ, Anna
Digestive diseases are increasing constantly due to the lifestyle of the people. For that reason number of the people with necessity to have some of the radiodiagnostic examinations of the digestive tract is increasing. The radiodiagnostics is one the fundamental pillars to discover not only cancers, but also other digestive diseases. Every part of the digestive tract has its specific and unique role and may be affected by a disease. A wide range of diseases may be very dangerous given the digestive function importance. So, it is necessary not to underestimate disease signs and to detect the disease at the earliest stages. The bachelor thesis Gastrointestinal tract examination algorithm resumes the methods necessary to early and proper diagnosis of the structural, functional and other diseases. The theoretic part of the bachelor thesis includes an overview of the radiodiagnostic methods used to examine particular parts of the gastrointestinal tract. The direction of the particular digestive tract part description is craniocaudal. Every digestive tract part contains examination progress description, patient preparation and a list of the most common indications. Additionally, the paper includes a chapter about the liver, bile ducts, pancreas and spleen. The bachelor thesis aims are to create algorithms to examine the gastrointestinal tract using radiodiagnostic examination methods along with information leaflets which may make a contribution to patients better knowledge before gastrointestinal tract examination. Quantitative data collection method is used in the practival part. The anonymous questioning method was used to get responded the research questions about the preliminary information of patients before the gastrointestinal tract examination and preference regarding the oral or written form of communication. The questionnare contains 13 closed questions regarding the patient information on the received examinations. The questionnares were answered by the patients receiving a gastrointestinal tract examination at the radiodiagnostic department of the Hospital of České Budějovice a. s. and at another anonymous hospital. In total 66 respondents got the questionnares of which 64 has been returned. Gathered data were evaluated, then sorted and processed into graphical output including descriptions. The results confirmed legitimacy of the initial research question and the fact that patients feel to be enough informed. Nevertheless, there is obvious the information should be continually improved in quality. The results indicate that patients like live interviewing with health care personnel as well as having the written information - leaflets, brochures. This finding also answered the second research question of the thesis. The bachelor thesis output presents a coherent review including the description of radiodiagnostic methods to examine gastrointestinal tract. The results are prepared for the real use in form of leaflets. This means fluoroscopy of pharynge, esophagus, stomach and duodenum, digestive tract, enteroclysis, CT enteroclysis, CT enterography, MRI enterography, irigography, defecography, virtual CT colonoscopy, ultrasonography, ERCP and PTC. The leaflets are aimed to prepare patient for various upcoming examinations completed with adequate psychosocial information. Also the information associated with pain or accompanying person, hospital stay, etc. were included. The leaflets are created to be easy to understand. The leaflets are to avoid specific technical terms as much as possible.
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