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Histochemical Changes after Intoxication with Highly Toxic Inhibitors of Cholinesterases in Selected Parts of Central and Peripheral Nervous System
Hájek, Petr ; Slížová, Dáša (advisor) ; Kassa, Jiří (referee) ; Lichnovský, Václav (referee)
Nerve agents belong to the most important group of highly toxic substances. The threat of their use is still actual in local conflicts or in terrorist attacks. Looking for the optimal measures of medical protection (antidotal therapy and prophylaxis) against them remains in the center of interest of both military and civilian sector. Basic mechanism of action of nerve agents is their interference with cholinergic neurotransmission through the irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). We chose quantitative evaluation of AChE histochemistry as a method to assess changes in nerve tissue after untreated or treated intoxication by nerve agents, using computer image analysis. Description of these changes were the aims of this doctoral thesis. The laboratory rats were intoxicated by LD50 or 1,2x LD50 of agent (Tabun, Soman, Sarin, VX or RVX). Prophylactic, respectively antidotal doses of drugs stated below were used as well. The cryostat sections of brains were treated by simultaneous histochemical detection of AChE by Karnovsky and Roots and alkaline phosphatase. The results prove a decrease of enzyme activity in all studied CNS areas treated by mean lethal doses of nerve agents, more in case of G-agents. We establish good effect of obidoxime to reactivate AChE inhibited by tabun, less...
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Algebraické aspekty fuzzy logiky
Víta, Martin ; Kučera, Luděk (referee) ; Hájek, Petr (advisor)
In this thesis we study filters on algebras of fuzzy logics and their possible applications. We are going to generalize the notion of an implicative/ positive implicative/fantastic filter on BL-algebras by introducing a notion of R-S-filter. We state and prove some properties of R-S-filters and then we show the connection between characterization of R-S-filter and alternative axiomatization of a given logic. We are going to describe the way how to characterize given algebra of implicative logic via R-S-filters. We show that the results published in [1] and [3] are simple consequences of our theory. Next topics of this work are uniform spaces and uniform topologies. Filters are there used to set up so-called Leibnitz congruences. A set of this congruences on the algebra is a (sub)base of a uniformity that we are going to study. We are going to show that results published in [2] and [4] can be easily generalized for any implicative logics.
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Amount of inluence of the kind of leisure time activities of fifteen year old children on manifestation of agressiveness
Hájek, Petr ; Marádová, Eva (referee) ; Kučírek, Jiří (advisor)
The bachelory thesis brings the analysis of spending 6oustř time of 6oustř year old children with relation to the 6oustřednou agression and bullying, which is a topical 6ous nowadays. The goal of the thesis is to determine whether the way of spending 6oustř time, namely the fact that 6oustř year old children spend 6oust free time playing 6oustřed games or watching television programmes including 6oustřednou violence, inluences 6oust agressiveness. The thesis deals with the 6ous of spending 6oustř time of 6oustř year old children, the inluence of family on 6oustř year old children and also the development and the reasons of agression in the life of a child and bullying in its 6oustř forms and stages.
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Compactness in non-classical logics
Ivaničová, Petra ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hájek, Petr (advisor)
This work systematically studies the concept of compactness in classical propositional logic as well as various concepts of compactness and their relation to different notions of completeness in the framework of the general theory of consequence relations. It also considers the compactness in various basic non-classical logics - fuzzy and modal propositional fuzzy logics.
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Selected data mining methods and their applicability to the television audience monitoring data in the Czech Republic
Walter, Jan ; Jirků, Petr (referee) ; Hájek, Petr (advisor)
Data mining is nowadays a fast-growing field, which incorporates machine learning, statistics, and logic within computer science. It has the potential to bring new insights into almost all branches of human activity, because the data are stored almost everywhere. This thesis tries to show the main aspects of the original Czech method Guha, to demonstrate its strength via its application to television audience data, and finally to compare it with the association rules method, which is similar to it. The ambition of this text is to interconnect the world of praxis with the theoretical field, where methods are invented. It also serves as an introduction to data mining itself. The results show that Guha is a full-value method with several interesting features and might be a good tool for extracting knowledge from analyzed data.
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Computational modelling of function of the human vocal tract
Ryšavý, Antonín ; Hájek, Petr (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
In the first part of this bachelor's thesis is a brief summary of the biomechanics of the creation of the human voice and an overview of the published computational models of the vocal tract and the area around the head. The second part deals with the computational models of the human vocal tract set to the pronouncing the Czech vowels /a:/ and /i:/ with using the method of transfer matrices and the finite element method. By these methods is perform modal and harmonic analysis. Are investigated the natural frequencies and own vibration shapes of both vowels and course of sound pressure in a specific areas of the vocal tract. The method of transfer matrices is highly depend on the geometry of the tract, particularly on the density of the reference sections and its results in this thesis do not completely agree with the results in the literature. Finite element method is more accurate and its results agree well with results reported in the literature, but the opposite of the transfer matrices method is significantly time consuming. Method of the transfer matrices is more suitable for a large number of calculations or tuning certain parameters. Models created in this bachelor's thesis can serve for the analyse of pathology of voice production, eventually for prediction of surgical procedures in the area of the vocal tract.
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Dynamic characteristics obtained from solution of simple vocal folds models
Kubíček, Radek ; Švancara, Pavel (referee) ; Hájek, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor’s thesis concerns the biomechanics of voice and its aim is to obtain dynamic characteristics of simple analytical and numerical vocal folds models. Thesis includes main theories of voice production and thorough analysis of the widest used computational models. Essential is an anatomical and physiological introduction including basic pathologies. Behaviour of computational models mentioned in the bibliographic research is demonstrated by the dynamics characteristics gained by modal analysis and by the solid mechanics equation solution. Eigenfrequencies come under range from literature. The aim of thesis is comparison of analytical and numerical solution and particular computational models.
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