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Movement of human existence. Study on the concept of "motion" (kinésis) in Maximus the Confessor (580-662)
Chvátal, Ladislav ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Němec, Václav (referee) ; Matula, Jozef (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Ústav filosofie a religionistiky PhDr. Ladislav Chvátal Movement of human existence. Study on the concept of "motion" (kinésis) in Maximus the Confessor (580-662) Abstrakt disertační práce Studijní program: Filozofie Studijní obor: Filozofie Vedoucí práce: prof. Lenka Karfíková, Dr. Theol. Praha 2010 Movement of human existence. Study on the concept of "motion" (kinésis) in Maximus the Confessor (580-662) The study explores a motif of "motion" (κίνησις) in the works of a Byzantinian theologian and philosopher Maximus the Confessor (580-662 A.D.). The treatise Ambiguum ad Iohannem 7 has been chosen as a textual base for this study. The treatise contains the most compact and systematic passage on the "motion" in Maximus' works. I have been preoccupied with the most important (crucial) themes of the above mentioned text, which were partially emphasized in contemporary research on Maximus. Nevertheless, no detailed and complex study has been writen so far. The aim of this study is to examine the motif of "motion/movement" (κίνησις) in its philosophical preconditions and implications. Therefore the study is preoccupied with (1) the context and topics in which the "motion/movement" exists in Maximus' works; (2) the way Maximus deals with the term of "motion/movement"...
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De triplici Via / About the Triple Way of Saint Bonaventure (translation and commentary)
Veselý, Jindřich ; Wernisch, Martin (advisor) ; Karfíková, Lenka (referee)
This work brings czech translation and commentary of saint Bonaventure ́s work De triplici via. The first part of the text reports on life and work of saint Bonaventure and contextualizes De triplici via by paying attention to other mystical works of Bonaventure. First part also asks the question of actuality of this script. Next part deals with this script as whole, with its theological themes and structure. The main part then brings comprehensive and at times critical commentary and the czech translation of the script. Final part brings short consideration of the question of script ́s actuality, asked at the beginning. As supplement the work contains also latin text of De triplici via. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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"Scire Deum esse". Scotus's proof of the existence of God a a genuine achievement of metaphysics understood as an Aristotelian science
Novák, Lukáš ; Sousedík, Stanislav (advisor) ; Karfíková, Lenka (referee) ; Palkoska, Jan (referee)
Vydali jsme se pátrat po tom, co to pro Dunse Scota znamená, vědět, že Bůh je. Naše zkoumání nám ukázalo, že pro Dunse Scota přirozené, vědecké poznání Boha, které jediné může aspirovat na titul vědění, nelze oddělit od poznání jsoucna jakožto jsoucna - ale nejen to: ani poznání jsoucna jakožto jsoucna nelze dosáhnout nezávisle na poznání Boha. Shrňme nyní nejdůležitější aspekty tohoto vztahu ontologicky pojatého metafyzického zkoumání a poznání Boha, jak se nám v průběhu práce vyjevily. Především se ukázalo, že vědecké poznání Boha není pro člověka dosažitelné v rámci jiné vědy, než je věda o jsoucnu jakožto jsoucnu: pouze v rámci této vědy je totiž možné získat pojmy, které lze na Boha vůbec aplikovat: totiž transcendentální pojem jsoucna, jeho atributy, a pojmy čistých dokonalostí, jejichž bytostná přináležitost do rámce metafyzického zkoumání se ukázala teprve v okamžiku, kdy plně vyšla najevo role, jakou v této vědě hraje poznání Boha. Dále, při zkoumání našich možností pokud jde o vědecké poznání povahy a atributů jsoucna jakožto jsoucna vyšlo najevo, že pro důkaz skutečně transcendentálního rozsahu pojmu jsoucna, tj. pro důkaz jeho indiference vůči konečnosti a nekonečnosti, se neobejdeme bez důkazu existence nekonečného jsoucna, tedy bez důkazu existence Boží - nedisponujeme totiž žádnou jinou...
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Understanding in Martin Heidegger
Muchová, Linda ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Kranát, Jan (referee)
My thesis deals with understanding in Martin Heidegger, which is also the title of the thesis. The primary literature used for this work is Being and Time. Understanding is definitely one of the most important issues of the 20th century philosophy in general, which should be shown in this work. This work should present roots of understanding in Heidegger's early philosophy from all different perspectives. It is important to stress that above all, the aim of this work, was from the beginning, to show the most original way of Heidegger's thinking on the subject of understanding. The unique way of grasping understanding should be made explicit in the thesis. There is also one particular point in Heidegger's philosophical approach of understanding, which should be brought into light in a much clearer way. It is the problem of understanding and the place of another human being in Heidegger's philosophy when he analyses understanding. It is important to make clear that Heidegger's approach to understanding and hermeneutics was very influential for other philosopher's of the 20th century, for example Paul Ricoeur. Ricoeur shows in his work weak and strong points of Heidegger's philosophy concerning hermenetics and understanding. Ricoeur's remarks will make us able to understand Heidegger's philosophy better....
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Philosophy and Freedom, Schelling's Philosophy of Freedom in his work from year 1809
Formánek, Jakub ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Karfíková, Lenka (referee)
I am focusing in this thesis on the relationship of freedom and philosophy in Schelling's Freiheitschrift from 1809. I want to discover essence of philosophy of freedom in the writing from 1809. I will show that Schelling's philosophy of freedom has to face a few difficulties, which finally define essence of human freedom. The main difficulty is: The question of human freedom and with that related problems: necessity and freedom, system and freedom. My main thesis is: The solution in Schelling's conception is in the indifferent level called Ungrund that is primordial beginning (essence) of human freedom. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The dual concept of God in Eriugena's "Perphyseon"
Fořtová, Zuzana ; Němec, Václav (referee) ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor)
This work is concerned with the conception of God in John Eriugena's "Periphyseon". My thesis is that in "Periphyseon", we can find two different concepts of God the connection of which is not easily understood. On the one hand there is a conception of God as someone who creates the world in the act of selfcreation and who finally returns to himself as to an end. On the other hand, there is a concept of God as the Trinity of divine persons (Father, Son, Holy Spirit). In my work, at first I attempt to present both of Eriugena's conceptions of God in more detail. Afterwards, I show how Eriugena himself attempts to connect both concepts. However, I argue that we are not actually able to understand this connection on the basis of Eriugena's explanation; rather, we have to try to infer this connection on our own. This is the aim of the last chapter, in which I try to achieve this - with the aid of Beierwaltes' interpretation - on the grounds of the dual terms of "creation" and "causation".
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The Christian theodicy as a paradox of philosophy
Jirousová, Františka ; Němec, Václav (referee) ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor)
This thesis deals with the christian theodicy - an attempt to explain why God permits evil. This work shows from the historical point of view that the christian theodicy was originated as an alternative to the gnostic dualism. The logical outcome is that the christian theodicy seems to be an attempt to put together three statements. 1.God is good. 2.God is almighty. 3.The evil exists in the world. In real example ( Augustin, "The theodicy after Osvetimy", Paul Ricoeur) is shown that it is only partly in function and the price for this is weakening or even denying the statement concerning God's good as the Almighty. The author tries on the base of Teilhard de Chardin's detailed understanding of evil to identify future of the contemporary theodicy, its benefits could bring a new philosophical way of thinking for features of evil in the world, knowing that the evil must always remain mystery of God as it is understood in christianity. The main conclusion of this thesis is a view that full rationalization of evil in the world leads to totalitarian of thinking and to a dishonored view of christians towards God. The inability to rationalize evil and the explanation of what reasons God permits evil is in this work understood as the biggest positive example of the christian theodicy and as a guarantee against...
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Loss and renewal of good will in Augustine
Valečková, Jitka ; Jirsa, Jakub (referee) ; Karfíková, Lenka (advisor)
ln the preface we asked the question whether human beings are able to reach atonement on their own. We decided to explore the doctrine of Saint Augustine who had been dealing with this theme intensively. Firstly we aimed to find Augustine' s definition of sin. Then we searched for the origin of bad deeds and attempted to define Augustine's will (voluntas) brietly. We looked for the reason of the facuIty of free choice in man and compared this freedom of choice with freedom itself. We searched for the cause and the form of the present human lack of freedom and tried to find out whether and how the liberation of man possible is. Lastly we have found a satisfactory answer to our question. Acts so far intluence man' s future behaviour. Frequent bad actions cause the ignorance of and the difficuIty in carrying out the good. In spíte of this I am convínced that man is able to achieve the genuine virtue because I believe he can comprehend the nature of single acts and strengthen his will to the good by practice.
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