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Recatholisation Practice in Local Perspective.
Zahradník, Pavel ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee) ; Novotný, Miroslav (referee)
of the doctoral thesis Title: Recatholisation Practice in Local Perspective Subtitle: The Relationship of Re-Catholisation and Restoration of Ecclesiastical Administration in the Mladá Boleslav District and in the Northern part of the Hradec Králové District (selected questions). Keyword: recatholisation, ecclesiastical administration, baroque devoutness, District of Mladá Boleslav, District of Hradec Králové, 17th century, 18th century In this doctoral thesis I examine the relationship between lower ecclesiastic administration, re-Catholisation practices and advancing penetration of Baroque religiousness into the lives of inhabitants of the Mladá Boleslav district and of the Northern part of the Hradec Králové District in the 17th and 18th century. The activity ratio of mentioned agents is being observed on the basis of several selected questions. First, I define and explain key terms such as Catholic confessionalisation, recatholisation, Counter-Reformation, Catholic reformation and Baroque religiousness. Then I follow the proceeding of re-Catholisation of the Czech lands in the Central European context. The following chapter deals with the re-Catholisation legislation. Next part of my thesis describes gradual improvement in the operation of parish administration from the perspective of...
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Life after Life. The Revenants in the Early Modern Period Bohemia Lands.
Chalupová, Helena ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
The master's thesis deals with one of the specifics of the cultural history of the Czech lands in the Early Modern period - i. e. the general perception of the afterlife (approximately between 1500 and 1800) and revenant issues. A revenant is meant originally a human being, who, after his death, for various reasons returns to the light of the living world, with exhibits of material (revived corpses, zombies, vampires, fexts) and immaterial (spirits, white ladies, wild hunting). In this respect, the main source are Czech demonological legends. One part of the study is to evaluate the social, religious and cultural aspects that had effect on what was said above in the specific historical period. The main emphasis is placed on the individual cases of revenants in the Czech lands, preserved in historical sources, as well as comparison with the same case in other European countries. The study will also focus on the description of biographies of historical personalities, drawing conclusions about what may have caused the conviction of being revenant.
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The Invasion of Bohemia by a Mercenary Army of the Bishop of Passau in the View of the Ambassador of Venice in Prague
Kopřivová, Alena ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis describes the circumstances of the invasion of czech lands by a mercenary army of bishop of Passau in the meaning of its reflection in the reports of the ambassador of Venice Marcantonio Padavino. Also will be described Padavinoˈs activity in the imperial court in Prague at the beginning of 1611. Attention will be focused on the analysis of his messages and on the way in which he informs the Doge of Venice. More detailed description of the messages also will be included. The aim of this thesis is to assess how much are these information useful for research of political situation of that time, for activities of the ambassadors of Venice in the imperial court and for everyday life in Prague in the era of Rudolf II.
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The operation of Capuchin Order in Bohemia and Moravia between 1618-1673
Brčák, Marek ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the history of the Capuchin order in the Czech-Moravian territory during 1618-1673. The Czech-Austrian Capuchin province was established in 1618 and in 1673 was divided into Czech and Austrian part which led to formation of two individual provinces of the Capuchin order. The first chapter of the thesis introduces the review of existing literature that deals with this theme and the characterization of sources. This chapter is focused on narrative sources that are fundamental for this thesis. In the second chapter, the Capuchin order and its history are characterized. These information explain the behaviour of Capuchins in the Czech- Moravian territory. I could not omit the Franciscan order and its history in this passage, because these also influenced the orientation and spirituality of the Capuchin order. The whole history of the Czech-Austrian Capuchin province is described in the third chapter. This period witness of a significant progress in admission of new members of the Capuchin order and founding of new convents. I am interested in the national origin of the members and their social stratification. Further, I deal with the impact of the Thirty Years War on the Order in the specified region. The reasons of founding new Capuchin convents are explained here as well. The...
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The Lower Nobility in Towns and Market-Towns in the 17th and 18th Century
Chmelíř, Václav ; Mikulec, Jiří (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee) ; Ledvinka, Václav (referee)
Czech historiography pays an important degree of attention to the nobility in towns, especially in connection with palaces in land metropolises. We find noblemen in various towns - big towns and market-towns. A nobleman did not just own a seat there, many nobleman allied different passages of their lives with a town surrounding. Some places turned into a home for numerous groups of higher-state members. This study examines the seven towns and market-towns in Western and Central Bohemia. It is possible to rank the most of the nobleman there as the lower nobility, from the titular and property point of view. This study addresses the important issues: seated nobleman as town-community member and residences of such a nobleman. The nobleman had to submit to certain norms and authorities. There were the municipal law documents, land law documents and privileges amongst. Will of offices, land lords and town councils varied in its extent. Members of the town councils represented only a part of municipal community. A nobleman was connected with them and other town inhabitans with different relations. Nobleman's relationship to public places varied. The character of town residences varies with country seats. Real estates were mostly subjected to certain competencies of town councils and obliged to perform different...
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"Forgotten Reality: A Hard Nut to Crack". Fiction and Reality of Early Czech History in the Old Prague Legends by Popelka Biliánová.
Chalupová, Helena ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
Annotation: This Bachelor's thesis aims to reconstruct the historical realities contained in the old Prague legends, which were written down by the writer Popelka Biliánová (legal name Marie Biliánová, born as Popelková). Bachelor's thesis identifies the specific imprint of historical events on selected tales, monitors the development of the plot throughout times and conclusions about contemporary thinking which is reflected in the final text of old legends. The analysis of the primary sources contains old legends with transcendental elements, especially revenants. Keywords: Popelka Biliánová, legend, legends, Prague, Josef Svátek, Julius Košnář, Adolf Wenig, Karel Chalupa, revenants
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The Cult of St. Francis Xavier in Early Modern Czech Lands
Andrle, Jan ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
The work deals with the dissemination, duration, transformations and reception of the cult of an important Jesuit Saint, St. Francis Xavier, in the early modern Czech lands. Its goal is to contribute to the better understanding of the reality of the re-catholicization after the Battle of White Montain and the forms of Czech spirituality of the 17th and 18th century. This particular cult was selected because of the fact that St. Francis Xavier was closely related to the main (or most prominent) participant of the re-catholicization, i. e. the Jesuit order, where he in the informal hierarchy of Saints occupied the second place immediately after the founder of the Society St. Ignacius of Loyola. Moreover, St. Francis Xavier belonged among the five new Catholic Saints canonized in 1622 (St. Ignacius of Loyola, St. Francis Xavier, St. Teresa of Avila, St. Philipp Neri, and St. Isidore of Madrid), who represented an important constituent of the revived post-Tridentine Catholic spirituality. However, although the existing secondary literature presupposes that the reverence to St. Francis Xavier was widespread in the Czech Baroque, no systematic study of this theme was realized untill now. First chapter deals with the specification of the theme of the work, maps existing knowledge and sources available and...
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Mikuláš Adaukt Voigt and the Czech historical science at the end of the 18th century
Hyndráková, Eva ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the life and and career of a neglected scientist of the age Enlightement, Mikuláš Adaukt Voigt (1733 -1787). He was a historian of literature, a lingvist and mainly the founder of the Czech modern numismatology. Based on the archival sources, the bibliography and his own published works are described his activities in the Czech historical science, his contacts and the influence of his friends and patrons, who were important personalities of their epoch. The thesis focuses chronologically on the period from the 70s to the 90s of the 18th century. Voigt's work is researched in the context of the cultural progress in the Czech Lands in the period of the late Enlightement and in the context of the development of the Czech historical science at the end of the 18th century. In the thesis also the so called "learned salon" is mentioned as the basic factor which formed Voigt's and his friends' careers and which was organized by Count František Antonín Nostic. In his house a fellowship of scholars, intellectuals and sponsors met and later they established the future Czech Society of Science. The thesis is focused on one specific phenomenon, too, which had a big impact on the cultural and political life of all the Czech society at the turn of the centuries - on patriotism. Voigt's patriotism was...
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King Pest and his theatre Prague. Plague epidemics in early modern-period Prague.
Jarošová, Eva ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Mikulec, Jiří (referee)
In 1348 the plague struck Europe and held it in its grip until the 18th century. The Czech lands were no exception, although regular outbreaks are not reported until after 1348. The disease was caused by yersinia pestis bacteria and transmitted primarily by the common rat. It took three different forms: pneumonic, septicemic, and bubonic. The year 1348 marked the most significant outbreak of the pandemic, referred to as the Black Death. However, the infection did not spread significantly to Prague and Bohemia until 1380. The societal crisis caused by the Black Death is reflected in art, particularly the so called Dance of Death and Triumph of Death paintings. Plague columns associated with the cult surrounding anti-plague saints became common sights in Bohemia. St. Maria was universally revered. St. Sebastian, St. Rocco, and St. Rosalie were invoked specifically for protection against the plague. Individual countries also sought protection from their national patrons, such a St. Wenceslas, the patron saint of Bohemia. In Bohemia, the plague is more commonly associated with modern rather than medieval times. Outbreaks recurred roughly every twelve years. In an effort to curb the epidemic, plague orders were enacted. These documents provided for quarantine measures, the closing of borders, the...
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Tradition of religion pilgrimage of laity. Processions and pilgrimages in the 17th century in South Bohemia based on vicarial statements.
Kuchta, Pavel ; Mikulec, Jiří (advisor) ; Ryantová, Marie (referee)
KUCHTA P., Tradition of religious pilgrimage of laity. Processions and pilgrimages in South Bohemia in 17th century based on vicarial statements. A degree work. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, 2011, 66p. Work supervisor: Doc. PhDr. Jiří Mikulec Csc. Key words: baroque religiosity, vicarial statements, South Bohemia, pilgrimages, processions. The work deals with the traditions of pilgrimage related to the South Bohemian region at the turn of 17th and 18th centuries. Its main content is the probe into the answers to the 26th question of vicarial statements (the question concerns pilgrimages and processions). The discovered traditions are treated in relation to the liturgical year and religious life of the Roman Catholic Church in general. In the conclusion of the work there is outlined a wider context of pilgrimage in the very region including supraregional tendencies.
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