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Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals II.
Šilhová, Markéta ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Pharmaceutical Botany Consultant: Ing. Kateřina Macáková, Ph. D. Student: Markéta Šilhová Title of Thesis: Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals II. Copper is an important component of the human body. It is involved in the right functioning of organ systems and is also a part of many important body enzymes. It is necessary to maintain a balanced amount of copper in the body in order to avoid excess or deficiency, which can lead to various diseases. The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the copper chelating and copper reducing effects of isoquinoline alkaloids berberine chloride, canadine, corydaline, sculerine, sinactine, stylopine, tetrahydropalmatine, allocryptopine, protopine, corycavamine and cryptopine. In experimental measurements the determination of chelation of copper ions with hemytoxyline and the determination of chelation and reduction of copper ions using disodium salt of bathocuproindisulfonic acid was performed. The highest reducing activity was exhibited by scoulerine, whose structure in comparison with other alkaloids contains hydroxyl groups and which has been exhibited in the past to inhibit the growth of tumour cell. The lowest reducing activity was measured for protopine alkaloids and...
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Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders in the Czech Republic - Overview and Consumption Analysis in Years 2015 - 2019
Dubánková, Marianna ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Mladěnka, Přemysl (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacognosy Candidate RNDr. Mgr. Marianna Dubánková Consultant doc. Ing. Kateřina Macáková, PhD. Title of Thesis Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders in the Czech Republic - Overview and Consumption Analysis in Years 2015 - 2019. Medicinal plants still hold their strong position in the therapy of various human diseases, even in the modern era. Seven medicinal plants long known for their use in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders were chosen for this thesis, namely Allium sativum L. (garlic), Crataegus spp. (hawthorn), Digitalis spp. (foxglove), Leonurus cardiaca L. (motherwort), Olea europaea L. (olive), Nigella sativa L. (black cumin), and Viscum album L. (European mistletoe). Their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system (antioxidant, cardioprotective, vasorelaxant, antiatherosclerotic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering actions) were reviewed with an emphasis on information concerning humans. When possible, the mechanism explanation, results of clinical trials, and established dosage range for the respective fields of action are presented. The consumption analysis of the preparations containing the abovementioned medicinal plants was conducted with a total number of...
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Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals III.
Cymbál, Martin ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Bc. Martin Cymbál, DiS. Supervisor: doc. Ing. Kateřina Macáková, Ph.D. Diploma thesis 2019/2020: Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals III., pp. 86. Copper is one of the important trace elements in the body. It regulates various enzymatic pathways. This work monitors the chelating and reducing activity of isochinoline alkaloids of the family Amaryllidaceae. The alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae have a large number of effects such as analgesic, narcotic, antiarrhythmic, antihypertensive, bronchodilatory, chemotherapeutic, antiparasitic, uteretonic, locally anesthetic, mydriatic and many other significant effects. An important representative is galanthamine hydrobromide, which is therapeutically used and is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. Galanthamine type alkaloids (galanthamine, galanthamine hydrobromide, chlidanthine), lycorine type (lycorine, galanthine), haemanthamine type (haemanthnamine, vittatine) and montanine type (montanine) were studied. The methodology of the work was to determine the chelating and reducing activity with the use of the hematoxylin indicator and bathocuproindisulfonic acid, at different pH or in dimethylsulfoxide. Of the alkaloids studied, galanthamine and...
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Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals IV.
Loskotová, Lenka ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Bc. Lenka Loskotová Supervisor: doc. Ing. Kateřina Macáková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals IV. Copper is a biogenic trace element that participates in the proper function of an organism. It is part of a number of enzymes and participates in metabolic processes in the human body. The level of copper in the organism should be regulated to avoid its excess or deficit, as pathologies could occur. Alkaloids are natural nitrogenous substances of alkaline nature. We find many biological activities in them. The aim of this thesis was to measure copper-chelating and copper- reducing activity of isoquinoline alkaloids: corypalmine, thalictricavine, 8-oxoberberine, fumarilin, norisocorydine and laurotetanine. Alkaloid activity was measured at different pH environments (4.5; 5.5; 6.8 and 7.5) and in the DMSO environment by a spectrophotometric method using hematoxyline and acid disodium salt bathocuproindisulfonic. Based on the results, structure-effect relationships were derived. In experimental measurement, it was found that none of us tested alkaloids showed chelating activity. Reduction activity has been demonstrated in all test substances. The lowest activity...
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Anti-platelet activity of alkaloids and its potential use in the Alzheimer's disease therapy.
Muchová, Adriana ; Chlebek, Jakub (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
Muchová, A.: Antiplatelet activity of alkaloids and its potential use in the Alzheimer's disease therapy. Diploma thesis, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Hradec Králové, 2020. According to recent studies, the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, as a neurodegenerative disease, has been implicated in platelets and the associated haemostasis disorder, the release of inflammatory cells, which may result in the facilitation of amyloid plaque formation. Alkaloids as alkaline nitrogen compounds, which have many effects on humans or animals. In connection with this issue, researchers are investigating the antiplatelet effect of many structural types of alkaloids. The isoquinoline alkaloids of the families Lauraceae, Annonaceae, Piperaceae, Magnoliaceae and Papaveraceae are perpective for the study. In addition to their antiplatelet effects, they also have an antioxidant and inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase, which is also used in Alzheimer's disease therapy. Another promising substance is the pyrrolidinoindoline alkaloid Psm2, which was isolated from the plant Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. It has an antiplatelet effect higher than the reference substance acetylsalicylic acid and is also associated with a lower risk...
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Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals I.
Rzepecká, Radka ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Radka Rzepecká Supervisor: Ing. Kateřina Macáková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals I. Copper is one of the essential trace elements that are necessary for the proper functioning of the organism. Copper is a significant component of many enzymes that affect various metabolic processes in the human body. It is important that the level of copper in the body is regulated because its deficit or excess lead to a variety of pathological conditions. Alkaloids are secondary plant metabolites that are distinguished by numerous biological activities. In this thesis the copper-chelating and copper-reducing activity of eleven isoquinoline alkaloids was measured: boldine, isocorydine, (+)-bulbocapnine, (+)-corydine, glaucine, (-)-sinoacutine, (-)-californidine, (-)-escholtzine, platycerine, (-)-fumaricine, and (+)- parfumine. Alkaloid activity was measured at four (patho) physiological pH values by a verified spectrophotometric method using two indicators: bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt and hematoxylin. Based on the results, structure-effect relationships were derived. The results show that none of the tested substances was able to chelate copper ions. In...
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Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals II.
Šilhová, Markéta ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Tůmová, Lenka (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Pharmaceutical Botany Consultant: Ing. Kateřina Macáková, Ph. D. Student: Markéta Šilhová Title of Thesis: Interactions of alkaloids with transition metals II. Copper is an important component of the human body. It is involved in the right functioning of organ systems and is also a part of many important body enzymes. It is necessary to maintain a balanced amount of copper in the body in order to avoid excess or deficiency, which can lead to various diseases. The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the copper chelating and copper reducing effects of isoquinoline alkaloids berberine chloride, canadine, corydaline, sculerine, sinactine, stylopine, tetrahydropalmatine, allocryptopine, protopine, corycavamine and cryptopine. In experimental measurements the determination of chelation of copper ions with hemytoxyline and the determination of chelation and reduction of copper ions using disodium salt of bathocuproindisulfonic acid was performed. The highest reducing activity was exhibited by scoulerine, whose structure in comparison with other alkaloids contains hydroxyl groups and which has been exhibited in the past to inhibit the growth of tumour cell. The lowest reducing activity was measured for protopine alkaloids and...
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Influence of plant biological protection on production of secondary metabolites of Papaver somniferum IV.
Veselá, Tereza ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
Vesela T.: Influence of plant biological control on production of secondary metabolites of Papaver somniferum IV. Diploma thesis, Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Department of pharmaceutical botany, Hradec Kralove 2018. In the experimental part of the thesis was studied the influence of plant biological control on the production of the main pharmaceutically usable secondary metabolites of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.). The contents of alkaloids morphine, codeine, thebain, papaverine and narcotine were monitored in the capsules and stems. Two poppy varieties, Orbis and Lazur, were selected for the experiment. Half of the plots were treated with the fungicidal biopreparate Polyversum, containing the germinable spores of oomycete Pythium oligandrum. Pythium oligandrum directly attacks the fungal pathogens. It also uses indirect control mechanisms, induces resistance in plants and promotes their growth. The remaining untreated plots served as a reference check. The extract was prepared from the individual samples. Subsequent analysis was performed using high performance liquid chromatography. The results show no positive effect of treatment on the content of all quantified alkaloids in poppy straw. Biosynthesis of alkaloids and Pythium oligandrum activity can be...
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Biological activity of macromycetes - D
Pásztó, Lenka ; Macáková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Siatka, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate Mgr. Lenka Pásztó Consultant Ing. Kateřina Macáková Ph.D. Title of Thesis Biological activity of macromycetes - D Keywords: fungi, cholinesterase inhibition activity, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, Alzheimer disease, antioxidant activity. In this thesis, altogether 15 fungal species from the families Bolbitaceae, Cortinariaceae a Tricholomataceae were tested for their biological activities. The extracts of all species were assessed for the alkaloid content with the use of thin- layer chromatography (TLC). Significant content of alkaloid substances was not detected in any of the tested mushroom species. All fungal extracts were also tested for their cholinesterases inhibition activity using Ellman's spectrophotometric method with 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid. The highest inhibition activity against erythrocyte AChE was indicated in the case of Mycena galericulata extract, and against serum BuChE in the case of Gymnopilus sapineus. Nevertheless, in comparison with values of standard inhibitors (galanthamine and huperzine A), the inhibition activity of both extracts was negligible. Finally, Folin-Ciocalteu's method was applied to set an amount of phenolic...
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Analysis of Andrographis leaves extract
Tonarová, Marta ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Macáková, Kateřina (referee)
1 CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY AND ECOLOGY Analysis of Andrographis leaves extract. Marta Tonarová, 2010 Abstract: The analysis of the extract of leaves Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae) was accomplished. The commercial ethanol extract with the contents of andrographolides not higher than 10 % represented the tested material. In case of using the standard andrographolide, the thin layer chromatography has proved its very low amount in the extract only, in spite of the fact that studying literature consideres its contents as majority. The identity of the standard was verified by mesuring its NMR spectrums, which refers to the informations in the studying literature. Contents of andrographolides was fixed by the high performance liquid chromatography extanded to the standard, with using of isocratic elution and spectrophotometric detection by the wave lenght 223 nm. Total contents of the andrographolides in the extract was 12,23 % and consequently it refers to the production protocol. The main component in the contents of the extract was isolated by using preparative TLC. On the basis of fixing the NMR spectrums and their confrontation with the studying literature it was determined as 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide.
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