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Demands and needs of persons performing foster care
KALBÁČOVÁ, Marie
The presented thesis focuses on demands and needs of persons participating in foster care. It is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the introduction of the theoretical part, the historical importance of a family having its positive influence on child´s development is explained. The thesis draws attention to protection of rights of children both in international and national documents. Legal regulations relating to substitute family care in the Czech Republic, having foster care in focus, are explained. The following part maps needs of children committed to foster care and needs of foster parents in connection with managing challenging situations they go through with such children. The last part summarizes rights and obligations of foster parents, the importance of accompanying services for foster families, and creates a comprehensive overview regarding possibilities of using social benefits for material security of a child and a foster parent. The practical part identifies differences in foster care performed by a person registered and a person caring. Its aim is to map the most common educational needs for persons registered and persons caring, to evaluate the importance of the assisting organization being attributed by persons registered and persons caring, and to ascertain material requirements of persons registered and persons caring. The output is to identify legislative deficiencies relating to drawing on material and financial securities. Three research questions have been set within the thesis, which comply with thesis targets. Qualitative research was applied. Semi-structured interviews with twelve communication partners were used as data collection basis. The results were processed by a specific qualitative method. Six clusters were made based on received data, which were evaluated as common and referenced in interviews with more communication partners. The research ascertained differences in needs important for a registered foster parent and a caring foster parent. The persons registered, like a crisis institute, must react quickly on child´s demands during his/her adopting. These foster parents place higher demand on education and an assisting organization. Their connection to a key person in the organization is much stronger. Persons caring vary their needs relating to obligatory education and an assisting organization depending on personal experience with raising children and their actual problems. A difference in the way and contents of education was also identified. Differences in financial security of persons registered and persons caring were detected including legislative barriers that prevent especially persons caring from drawing on legal claims. The thesis outputs may by applied as a basis for further research work in this area. The thesis may be used as a supporting material for assisting organizations.
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The effect of carbon nanostructures on human cell behavior and the role of fetal bovine serum in cell adhesion
Verdánová, Martina ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (advisor) ; Brábek, Jan (referee) ; Smetana, Karel (referee)
Graphene (G) and nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) are carbon allotropes and promising nanomaterials with an excellent combination of their properties, such as high mechanical strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, possibility of functionalization and very high surface area to volume ratio. For these reasons, G and NCD are employed next to electronics in biomedical applications, including implant coating, drug and gene delivery and biosensing. For a fundamental characterization of cell behavior on G and NCD, we studied osteoblast adhesion and proliferation on differently treated G and NCD. Generally, both G and NCD exhibited better properties for osteoblast cultivation than control tissue culture polystyrene. Better cell adhesion but lower cell proliferation were observed on NCD compared to G. The most surprising finding was that hydrophobic G with nanowrinkled topography enhanced cell proliferation extensively, in comparison to hydrophilic and flat G and both NCDs (hydrophobic and hydrophilic) with slightly higher roughness. Promoted cell proliferation enables faster cell colonization of G and NCD substrates, meaning faster new tissue formation which is beneficial in biomedical applications. Furthermore, it was shown that osteoblast adhesion was promoted in the initial absence of fetal bovine...
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The biocompatibility and potential cytotoxicity of materials for joint replacement manufacturing and coating
Kopová, Ivana ; Bačáková, Lucie (advisor) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee) ; Jendelová, Pavla (referee)
Currently used prostheses for total joint replacement still have numerous disadvantages: extreme stiffness or elastic modulus of the bulk metallic material; insufficient integration of the implant into the host bone; and a high wear and corrosion rate, which causes an accumulation of mostly metallic or polymeric wear debris. Because of these reasons, many patients experience increasing local pain, swelling, allergic reactions, and inflammation resulting in bone loss and the aseptic loosening of the implant leading to the need for painful and expensive revision surgery. To address the mechanical issues of commonly used orthopaedic alloys, this thesis presents the development of the new β-type titanium alloy Ti-35Nb-7Zr-6Ta-2Fe-0.5Si with a relatively low elastic modulus (up to 85 GPa), increased tensile strength (880 MPa), and enhanced biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. Considering the generally low osteoinductivity of metallic implants, various surface modifications and coatings have been developed to improve the cell-material interaction, e.g. carbon-based coatings. Among these coatings, C60 fullerene layers have emerged as a great candidate for coating orthopaedic implants due to their therapeutic potential in arthritis. The potential cytotoxicity and DNA damage response of fullerenes have...
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Application on nanoparticles in bio-medicine.
Bělinová, Tereza ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (advisor) ; Beranová, Jana (referee)
During last few years nanoparticles of different origin have been used in biomedicine. Their interactions with cells are however a big point of concern and so further research is needed to be done regarding their properties, internalization into cells and their fate within the cell. All of this is needed for correct selection of proper nanoparticles for bioimaging and also for future use in human medicine. One of the main parts of research is deep understanding of interactions of nanodiamonds and silicon based nanoparticles with cells, because of their highly unique properties (autofluorescence), biocompatibility and in case of silicon nanoparticles also their degradability.
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Nanotechnology in the intensive care: Intravascular biocompatibility of carbon nanomaterials-effect of carbon nanotubes on blood platelets
Šemberová, Jana ; Straňák, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Dyr, Jan (referee) ; Hubálek Kalbáčová, Marie (referee)
Nanotechnology in the intensive care: Intravascular biocompatibility of carbon nanomaterials - effect of carbon nanotubes on blood platelets. EFFECT OF CARBON NANOTUBES ON BLOOD PLATELETS Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the principal materials currently used in biomedical nanotechnologies. CNTs possess superior mechanical and chemical characteristics including enormous tensile strength, elasticity and conductivity. As a result they are very popular and attractive for use in various biomedical applications. Many of these applications may lead ultimately to contact of carbon nanomaterials and blood. Furthermore, CNTs may also be present intravascularly as a result of environmental or occupational exposure. Therefore, the investigation of the intravascular biocompatibility of CNTs is a critical safety issue. We studied the effects of structurally different purified CNT materials from different manufacturers on human platelets and compared their effects to amorphous carbon black nanoparticles (ACB), fullerene C60, fullerenol C60(OH)24 and NIST standard polystyrene nanobeads (PNBs). Using light transmission aggregometry of human platelet rich plasma, we found that various CNTs induce PLT aggregation and this occurs in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast to CNTs, ball-like shaped fullerene...
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Computational study of cellular assembly on hydrophobic/hydrophilic micro-patterns
Ukraintsev, Egor ; Brož, A. ; Kalbáčová, M.H. ; Kromka, Alexander ; Rezek, Bohuslav
We develop simple onedimensional stochastic model of cell behavior on chemically patterned surfaces that is based on three key parameters: speed of cell movement (motility) across substrate, probability of cell adhesion to substrate, and probability of cell division on substrate when adhered on substrate. Amount of adhered cells on hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions is calculated as function of time (number of cycles up to 2000). The model is correlated with in-vitro data obtained within 48 h in real time. We show that this simple stochastic model with the three parameters (where cell motility is the most important one) can describe with high accuracy the experimental data and thereby explain the observed preferential cell assembly on hydrophilic/hydrophobic micro-patterns (up to 200 um width).
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Long-term unemployment among people with higher education in the district Strakonice
KALBÁČOVÁ, Marie
Long-term unemployment is defined by Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as a state when individuals are unemployed and look for a job for 12 months or longer. Mainly unskilled labor is threatened by long-term unemployment, individuals with accumulated social and physical handicap, members of minorities and migrants. It does not influence only the person who appears in this social situation ( reduction of living standart of the person and his family, social isolation, loss of social status) and it influences life of his close family as well. Employment and unemployment are defined at the introduction to the theoretical part of the thesis. Next part is focused on solution of this issue in national and international documents with a specific division into active employment policy instruments. Final part describes district Strakonice and highlights the various regions. It evaluates the development of unemplyment among university graduates in the years 2009-2013 and makes a comparison with countrywide data. The objective of this work is to analyze the unemployment among people with university education in district Strakonice in the years 2009-2013 and to answer research questions assessing the impact of the current economic crisis on unemployment of university graduates during assessing their professional status in relation to the financial costs of the employer. For the fulfilment of the objectives there was used a qualitative research method using semi-structured interview technique. There were used two samples. The first one was created by 15 jobseekers with university education registered by the regional branch of the Labour Office CR in České Budějovice- contact office in Strakonice longer than 1 year and the second sample consisted of 30 employers with headquarters in district Strakonice employing more than 25 employees. The survey was carried out in the district of Strakonice from October 2013 to January 2014 under the personal meetings with employers and individual inerviewing with candidates. For each group of communication partners was carried out a preliminary research. Based on the research there was found out that the economic crisis had not a direct impact on long-term unemployment of university graduates. During the interviewing there were mapped other facts which prevent their entry into the labour market ( field of education, lack of practice, age,health, child care, housing in a location with low transport services). Some of these barriers can be influenced by using active employment policy, activity of the unemployed, effective consulting services of workers at the Labour Office. In the monitored years employers mostly did not accept new employees, chances of getting a job were under these circumstances reduced. During finding out whether the university positions are offered to people with secondary education resulted that nowadays employers during tender assess the aplicants more comprehensively and ask besides equivalent qualification for other skills as well. The engineering field can be assessed in a different way, the field is typical for Strakonice district which reports vacancies, whose occupation is problematic because of lack of engineering graduates, to the office for a long time. Mostly big firms cope with this problem and these facts are declared with research reports of National Institute for education. Research , as a byproduct, identified weaknesses in provided consulting services to clients of Labour Office and the proposed publicity for target groups of the projects funded under the European Social Fund. The research results can be used to improve the consulting work with the unemployed . Outputs can be presented on the visits with secondary school students and their educational advisors or use them as sub-material for negotiations with employers, representatives of educational institutions and local government units.
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