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Communication, parental control, and gender differences in parenting styles and their effect on alcohol use among sixth grade students involved in the project Unplugged
Stará, Iveta ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
BACKGROUND: Foreign studies shown, that parenting style and specific aspects of parenting has effect to children in alcohol consumption. In family style, with minimum alcohol consumption were children from families who enforced authoritative parenting style, also in families where parents communicate with children, give them clear boundaries and control them. AIMS: The aim of the research part of the thesis is to investigate the relationship between communication style, selected aspects of parenting style (such as control and following rules) in the family and alcohol use among children. Another theme of the thesis is also to determine the differences between girls and boys in the prevalence of alcohol use, depending on the researched communication aspects and parenting style. METHODS: To obtain the data was used the questionnaire European Family Empowerment Questionnaire (Sumnal, Calafat, 2010). The questionnaire was translated to Czech language. This questionnaire was filled by children and also one of their parents. Only selected questions from survey were used for research project. Beside of the social demographic data and information about the prevalence of consumption of alcohol another two questions about the parenting aspects (control and communication) were chosen. Data from parents and...
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Co-morbidity of eating disorders and alcoholabuse among femal: risk and protective factors
Vycpálková, Veronika ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Background: Co-morbidity of eating disorders and alcohol use among women is a topical theme. Eating disorders can be seen as a disease of modern women and alcohol use as very frequent and tolerated by society. Co-morbidity of these disorders is not given enough attention. Aim: The theoretical part defines basic terms of eating disorders, alcohol abuse and their co-morbidity. In the practical part my goal was to identify the risk and protective factors, personal characteristics that were common for women suffering with co-morbidity and to outline the subjective perception of respondents regarding this issue. Methods and sample: Data were obtained by the method of a semistructured interview with five respondents - clients of the aftercare group for alcohol addicts. Two methods were used for the purpose of data analysis: qualitative type of an approach and a pattern (gestalt) recognition method. Results: The thesis described risk factors on the individual, familial and social level. It also described personal characteristics of respondents that overlapped with the risk factors. They can therefore be taken as risk factors on the individual level. Protective factors are mainly positive influence of peers, hobbies and awareness of one's value. Respondents and their subjective view on this issue point out...
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The differences between adolescents and adults in the perception of the importance of nourishment
Hrubá, Zuzana ; Slabá, Šárka (advisor) ; Čablová, Lenka (referee)
The study focuses on eating habits of adolescents and adults, mainly through the differences in perception of the importance of nutrition in these two groups. The theoretical section concentrates on particular subjects that affect this issue, such as personality disorders, which can lead to eating disorders, what is body image and how it relates to nutrition, how adolescents and adults perceive their own body and how their eating habits look like or how they should look like. The chapter about dietary habits is relatively comprehensive and at the end of the theoretical section I outlined all the aspects that can be projected into the relationship between the individual and food. In the practical section there is explained the methodology of research and the results. The first hypothesis which has been confirmed is that adolescents do not attach great importance to the diet, while the adults try to pay more attention to proper nutrition, in terms of nutritional content and regularity. The second hypothesis, stating that the teenage girls tend more to have insufficient nutritional intake than boys of the same age range has been confirmed as well.
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The relationship between eating habbits and use of alcohol in adult obese individuals
Ambrožová, Markéta ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Reichelová, Lenka (referee)
Startings: Etiopathogenesis of obesity applies influence of many factors which are together in a variety of interactions. This bachelor paper focuses on monitoring the relationship between psychobehaviolar characteristics and alcohol use in obese adult individuals. Targets: The primary aim of the study is to analyze eating habits and behaviour. For example the number of daily food servings, regular breakfasts, total intake of energy and macronutrient, dining preferences, score of restriction, disinhibition and hunger, the level of depression in relation to alcohol consumption. The bachelor paper further focuses on identifying other possible links (influence of gender, relationships between the consumption of alcoholic drinks, preferences of certain foods etc.). Also other parameters such as reasons that the respondents considered to be the cause of their body weight increase and the maximum and minimum body weight in adulthood were monitored. Methodics: 41 women (median (lower, upper quartile)): age = 51.07 (40.43, 61.25), BMI = 37.56 (31.85, 40.48) and 10 men: age = 41.38 (36.67, 51.72), BMI = 36.87 (32.55, 40.66) were monitored. A questionnare-based research using internationally recognised questionnaires was used to conduct the research. These were: the Eating Inventory (EI), Beck Depression...
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How can family communication affect prevalence of using alcohol among children and adolescents
Antošová, Iva ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Nevoralová, Monika (referee)
Alcohol use among children and adolescents has recently been understood as a serious and escalating problem throughout the whole society. Children begin to consume alcohol from an increasingly earlier age. They gradually start to use alcohol regularly, which leads to consumption of excessive use of alcohol. The theme of this thesis is how a family communication can affect the incidence of alcohol use among children and adolescents. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the term communication, from specific types of communication, communication patterns to the family communication itself. It gives a summary of risk and protective factors influencing alcohol use among children and adolescents as well as of factors predicting alcohol use among children and adolescents at the level of the family system, including specification of the family communication factor. The second part of the theory contains a chapter of prevalence and prevention and it maps patterns of alcohol use among children and adolescents as well as possible association with the communication factor. The main target of this thesis is to provide a systematic review of the results of studies published in 2000 - 2014, which follow up the connection between the family communication factor and development of alcohol use among children...
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ADHD in the clientele of therapeutic communities for drug addicts - prevalence, impact on personality and on the course of and results of treatment
Rubášová, Eva ; Kalina, Kamil (advisor) ; Čablová, Lenka (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the issue of ADHD among clients treated in therapeutical communities for users of illegal addictive substances. The issue of ADHD is explored in the point of view of prevalence, influence on a person and in the point of view of complications during the treatment. Information concerning this issue are absented in the Czech Republic. Research studies about dual diagnosis substantiate the influence of associated co morbid for use of addictive substances in the point of view of an ability of one to cope with normally adjusted medical schedule and make profit out of it. Lingering of ADHD in adultery even with subliminal Symptomatology presents a burden in fields of executive and behavioral abilities of a person. Well- timed and proper diagnosis is vital for an adjustment of optimal medical schedule. The goal of the thesis was to find whether there are clients with ADHD diagnosis in therapeutical communities and what is the influence of a defect on a person and on complications during the treatment. The occurence of ADHD clients of therapeutical communities was found out in childhood and in the present, characteristics of ADHD clients were tracked and a degree of occurence of complications in comparision with clients without diagnosis during the process of the treatment was...
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Relationship between symptoms of ADHD in childhood, in adulthood and substance abuse: a case study
Šťastná, Denisa ; Čablová, Lenka (advisor) ; Miovský, Michal (referee)
BASIS: Nowadays, ADHD is a frequently discussed topic thanks to its persisting form, which means that a person suffers from its symptoms even in his/her adult life and that they cause problems in many activities - especially if combined with drug abuse. In the Czech Republic this issue is currently being investigated to ascertain the success rate of therapies focused on individuals affected by ADHD, specifically taken care of in therapeutic communities. Clients are often unable to benefit from the treatment and finish it prematurely whilst worsening their addiction. AIMS: The aim of this thesis is to find out if the symptoms of ADHD affecting a specific client were related to his drug addiction in adolescence and adulthood. Furthermore we will look into problems connected to ADHD that affect person's life from the very beginning up to adulthood and how they influence its treatment. METHODS: Information used was obtained through an interview focused on questions regarding his case history, especially symptoms emerging throughout subject's life. The next method used to gather data was a work with already existing documents, namely a questionnaire called "Diagnostické interview o ADHD u dospělých" (DIVA). RESULTS: The conclusion is that given problems probably led to drug abuse, which could be...
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Tobacco smoking and motivation to change in relation to pregnancy
Šídová, Markéta ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Čablová, Lenka (referee)
OF THE THESIS Name: Mgr. Markéta Šídová Specialization: Adiktologie Head of the thesis: Mgr. Lenka Šťastná, Ph.D. Pages: 145 The name of thesis: Tobacco smoking and motivation to change in relation to pregnancy Abstract: Background: The pregnancy gives the smoking women the opportunity to change their attitude to smoking tobacco. In the Czech Republic is still missing a study describing the motivation to change smoking specifically in connection with pregnancy. Goals: Describe the basic motivation to stop smoking by pregnant women. Methods: Quantitative survey. The questionnaire consists of four sections (anamnesis, gathering information about smoking during pregnancy, motivation to change smoking behaviour, Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence). Motivation section is inspired by Reasons for Quiting Scale (RFQ). Evaluation using the descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistical tests. File: The study analyses two sets of pregnant women - electronic (collection via web form, N = 96) and clinical (collection from the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine and VFN, N = 40). The files are divided into 4 subgroups according to the current smoking behaviour. Results: Most women in both groups do not smoke and have never smoked or stopped in connection with pregnancy....
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