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Determination of chlorine in fuels
Saitl, Pavel ; Köbölová, Klaudia (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
This work presents and theoretically processes several standard methods for determining the chlorine content in biofuels. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed, along with their comparison to one another. Additionally, the behaviour of chlorine during the combustion process, the impacts of gaseous chlorine on combustion devices, and possible mitigation strategies are described. Within the framework of describing the behaviour of chlorine during the combustion process, both high-temperature and low-temperature chlorine corrosion, which are most pronounced in boilers burning biomass-derived fuels and solid alternative fuels, are explained. The work also includes the natural cycle of chlorine, illustrating the negative impact that escaping gases from boilers burning biomass and solid alternative fuels have.
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Nuclear energy future development perspectives in the Czech Republic and in the world
Horák, Ondřej ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
The submitted bachelor's thesis deals with the irreplaceable role of nuclear energy and the types of reactors being designed at the same time. A large part of the work is focused on a relevant overview of nuclear reactors in the world, including those under construction. The thesis deals with the legislation of the Czech Republic in the field of nuclear safety and international cooperation between operators of nuclear power plants. In the conclusion of the bachelor's thesis, the perspective of the future development of nuclear energy in our country and in the world is mentioned. The research-synthetic method was used for processing the text.
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Possibilities of using hydrogen in the energy sector
Holík, Michal ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes hydrogen energy and gives the reader an introductory look into the world of hydrogen technologies. The first part describes the production of hydrogen from fossil and renewable sources. The second part deals with the possibilities of processing and use of hydrogen in energy. The third part represents the specific application of its use.
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Waste gas combustion
Krček, Robin ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of using waste gases as fuel. The first part is focused on the production processes, properties and composition of selected waste gases. The following part is an overview of the methods used in the treatment and removal of pollutants from the gas. Finally, technologies that generate electrical, thermal or mechanical energy by burning waste gases are summarized.
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New generation of biofuels
Pražák, Vojtěch ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with different generations of biofuels. Their advantages and disadvantages and problems associated with their use in practice. The first part of the theses focuses on legislation and acquaintance with the issue of biofuels as a whole. The second part is focused on acquaintance and description of individual biofuels with examples of use in practice. At the end of the work there is an analysis of individual generations, representation in the fuel market and their efficiency.
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Monitoring the effect of sample treatment in determining selected properties of biofuel
Štenclová, Kristýna ; Lachman, Jakub (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on the treatment of biofuel prior to combustion and effect of this treatment on the biofuel characteristics. The first part is a review of literature encompassing characteristics of fuel, preparation of samples, methods of analysis of individual characteristics and a presentation of various types of mills. The second part of thesis is experimental. It is an analysis of sample characteristics under various mill settings with regard to the temperature in the mill during grinding.
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Emissions from biomass combustion
Vaněk, Michal ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with harmful substances originating as products of biomass combus-tion and possibilities of reducing their emissions from boilers for household heating. First of all, biomass is introduced and a description of important fuel properties in terms of its combustion is given. Secondly, the characteristic of the combustion process and origination mechanisms of individual substances are presented. This is followed by a description of the properties of these substances and their impacts on human health and the environment. The purpose of the next chapter is to present the reader with current legislation addressing the emissions of small boilers. Then a separate chapter describes possible methods that can be used to reduce emissions of these devices. Finally, several measures in the form of modifications and devices, capable of reducing harmful emissions of small boilers are given.
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Effect of sample treatment on biofuel characteristics
Zlevorová, Tereza ; Lachman, Jakub (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
The subject of this bachelor thesis is experimental solution of the problem focused on the effect of sample treatment on bioful characteristics. The theoretical introduction includes biofuel classification, explanation of each biofuels‘ trait and description of methods used to their determination. It continues with sample preparation with broader focus on milling. The following experimental part examines basic traits of four materials before and after milling on high-speed rotor mill using multiple sieves of varying fineness. The traits were determined using normalised methods. For determination of moisture had been selected gravimetric method. In this thesis, there is described every procedure and following calculations. The results are stated in tables and processed in graphs.
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Methods of Determination of Moisture Content
Bezdíček, Jiří ; Lachman, Jakub (referee) ; Lisá, Hana (advisor)
With the growing interest in the energy use of biomass in the form of solid biofuels, the requirements for determining the moisture content of these fuels are also growing. Moisture is an important factor not only in the production of biofuels, where the moisture values must be ideal, eg in the production of pellets, but also in storage and other processes. The aim of the work was to determine the suitability of methods for determining moisture for various types of solid biofuels. The main subject of interest was fuels with grain structure. A search of the basic distribution of fuels and introduced and new methods for determining moisture was performed. The research was focused on oven drying methods. The result is the determination of the unsuitability of the method of drying scales for fuels with grain structure, the suitability of all investigated methods for wood fuels, the accuracy of the reference method for most fuels and the susceptibility of the analytical method to the homogeneity of the test portion.
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Agropellets for Combustion
Nejerál, Michal ; Lisá, Hana (referee) ; Lisý, Martin (advisor)
Agropellets are one of the alternative fuels which have been used very often nowadays. Therefore, this thesis deals with the use of agropellets as a fuel. It‘s focused on the generation of emissions during combustion. There are described properties of pollutants released during combustion and properties of agropellets. In a sample of selected fuels, the proportion of chemical composition of elements in the combustible and the calculation of their calorific value are experi-mentally determined. Furthermore, we found out the basic elemental composition of the flue gas, which was measured during combustion on the pilot unit.
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