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Funding of churches in the Czech lands in 20th century
Jaroš, Ján ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Financing of Churches in the Czech Lands in the 20th Century The main aim and purpose of this master degree thesis was to introduce individual institutes of the Church financing in the 20th century. Even nowadays, the funding issue is still an opened topic. The purpose of the historical hindsight is to approximate and put aside false hypothesis of Church financing. The prevailing views of the people on the church property and on the "justification" of states occupation of this property, during the last century, were based on rather "philosophical ideas" than on actual legal basis. The master degree thesis not only maps the 20th century, but also pays due attention to the developments of the late 19th century, which established grounds for certain financing institutes and prefigured further evolvement in the upcoming century. However, some institutes of church financing, such as religious fund, were established in the 18th century. The period of enlightened absolutism, the period of the reign of Joseph II, who brings his mothers reforms to the edge of that time, sells property (e.g. monasteries, religious buildings, etc.) and the obtained income deposits to newly created parish cash desk, which will serve to support the Catholic Church. Indeed, the income from the religious funds became one of the main and...
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Freedom of religion and the protection of human rights in the European Union - contribution of the Holy See
Vokál, Jan ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee) ; Reschová, Jana (referee)
198 Resumé in English Freedom of religion and the protection of human rights in the European Union - contribution of the Holy See The aim of the present dissertation is to analyze and summarize the situation in the European Union regarding the guarantee of human rights, with particular reference to religious freedom, without, however, dealing directly with the relevant jurisprudence of the European Court of Human rights (ECHR, Strasbourg) or of the European Court of Justice (ECJ, Luxembourg). For this purpose, the necessary information has been assembled for a complete overview of the social, political, cultural, religious and juridical conditions of European society. The sources used are principally official documents of the European Union, the United Nations and the Holy See, as well as numerous detailed studies of the individual themes under consideration, of a historical, economic, linguistic, religious and juridical character. In the search for information, the internet has also been used, but always on condition that the source is sufficiently authoritative, e.g. the websites of official European Union institutions or of the Holy See, of universities or of State statistical agencies. CHAPTER I - The contemporary relevance of the religious question in Europe The first step is a chronological sketch of...
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Protection of religious freedom in criminal regulations of the Czech Republic and of selected countries of the European Union
Pánek, Jan ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Protection of religious freedom in criminal regulations of the Czech Republic and of selected countries of the European Union Abstract The author of this thesis discusses the issue of the protection of religious freedom in the criminal regulations of the Czech Republic and selected countries of the European Union, in particular the regulation pursuant to Act No. 40/2009 Coll., the Criminal Code, as amended, the Criminal Codes of selected countries examined in this work and other regulations that regulate relevant issues for this work, taking into account the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union. The thesis is divided into several parts. The first three parts discusses the concept of religious freedom in general, where the first part examines the very meaning of the term and the regulations of the highest legal force, i.e. at the constitutional level and at the level of international human rights treaties. The second part defines the concept at the individual level and offers a list of individual forms of expression of individual religious freedom within the Czech legislation. Part three, on the other hand, discusses the collective religious freedom, i.e. the functioning of religious societies within the Czech legislation. These three parts are to some...
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Legal regulation of provision of spiritual care in Czech penitentiaries
Varmužová, Jana ; Horák, Záboj (advisor) ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee)
TITLE: Legal Regulation of Provision of Spiritual Care in Czech Penitentiaries ABSTRACT: The focus of this thesis is the provision of spiritual care in Czech penitentiaries. It specifically deals with the historical aspects that formed the modern-day Czech prison system and historical basis of prison spiritual care. Further, it deals with legal foundations of this service and specific issues arising from the provision of spiritual care in penal institutions. KEY WORDS: Penitentiary Spiritual Care Human Rights
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The Legal Order of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren - History and Present
Csukás, Adam ; Horák, Záboj (advisor) ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee) ; Přibyl, Stanislav (referee)
The Legal Order of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren - History and Present The aim of this thesis is to gather available sources concerning the legal order of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren (ECCB) since its establishment in 1918 to the present day. The sources used address the legal history of the Protestant Church in Cisleithania from 1848 until the end of World War I. A critical analysis of the sources is carried out to document the development of the church constitution and the orders of the ECCB. The criteria for the elaboration of individual storylines are primarily the historical relevance and the practical applicability of the information regarding the ECCB Strategic Plan of 2019. The thesis consists of an introduction, followed by three parts, and a conclusion. The first part, (1848-1922), comprises four chapters covering the legal history of the Protestant Church in Cisleithania from the revolutionary years 1848/1849 until the dissolution of Austria-Hungary and the establishment of both Czechoslovakia and the ECCB. Particular attention is given to the circumstances surrounding the creation of the church constitution of 1861, the constitutional reform efforts of the Czech-speaking Czech and Moravian Protestants of both confessions (Augsburg and Helvetic), the movement of...
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Changes of canon law from the Second Vatican Council to the present
Koranda, Jan ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Changes of canon law from the Second Vatican Council to the present Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the development of canon law after the Second Vatican Council. Canon law, like other systems of law, is undergoing constant development, responding both to the development of human knowledge and to the changes in society in which it exists. The thesis deals with the changes of canon law made by the popes after the Second Vatican Council, with the main emphasis being placed on the changes made by papal laws, ie apostolic constitutions or motu proprio. Ecclesiastical laws of lower legal force are included in the work only if they implement the papal law or are otherwise directly affected by it. The introductory part of the thesis deals with the historical context of the Second Vatican Council, especially the First Vatican Council, which was forcibly interrupted right after the publication of the first two documents and never officially ended. Nevertheless, the work on the first codification of canon law, completed in 1917, was born on its basis. The social and political development associated with the two world wars caused the need to reform not only the code but also the whole canon law. The next part of the work deals with the Second Vatican Council, convened by Pope John XXIII. for the purpose of...
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The Concept of Marriage Conclusion In the Canon Law Code
Mikulášová, Martina ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
59 THE FORM OF ENTERING INTO MARRIAGE ACCORDING TO THE CODE OF CANON LAW Summary I consider family as one of the most important pillars and foundations of society. A healthy society should be based on family and marriage which is a unique bond between a man and a woman. One way of achieving and enhancing the status of marriage and family in the society is a deeper study of provisions governing marriage. Therefore I take this opportunity to address the institute of marriage viewed upon in terms of Canon law. Canon law could be considered as a part of the European legal culture. Its knowledge is therefore certainly important not only for theologians, but also for lawyers. The conclusion of a marriage in front of the church is also deemed valid and is fully recognized by laws of the Czech Republic. The canonical form is one of the requirements affecting the validity of marriage. Therefore, I find it necessary to give it enough attention. My thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, I tried to provide the readers with a simple definition of the canonical form of marriage, its historical evolution, and some differences considering the Eastern churches. An enclosed section deals with the current legislation, namely treatment of the issue of canonical form by the Code of Canon Law 1983 and the...
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The Principles of the Presbyterial-Synodical Ecclesiastical Polity
Csukás, Adam ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
The Principles of Synodical-Presbyterial Church Government This work reflects the principles of the synodical-presbyterial church government, which are referred to in the church constitutions of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren and the Reformed Christian Church in Slovakia. The author draws attention to the importance of the principles of church polity in ecclesial life, pointing to their occasional inadequate reflection. In this context, the author points out the introduction of the Führerprinzip in the German Evangelical Church in the 1930s. In addition, he highlights examples of churches that have been able to clearly formulate the principles of church polity, and some of them have even incorporated them into their church law. The author goes on to clarify the basic terminology used in his work, focusing on the naming of Protestant churches in different languages. He deals with the division of churches into families according to the categorization used by the World Council of Churches, paying special attention to the family of United and Uniting churches. He describes five types of these churches, and considering the need to introduce another, a sixth type of United and Uniting churches. Next, he deals with the basic characteristics of Reformed, Presbyterian and Evangelical Lutheran churches. The...
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Fight against organized crime in Japan - the past and the present
Kubíčková, Tereza ; Tomášek, Michal (advisor) ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (referee)
6 Abstract The goal of this thesis is to provide a basic overview of the legislative acts taken against organized crime in Japan, and to map the intriguing historical evolution of organized crime until the present day. Also, to show how the connection and the historically advantageous relationship between the yakuza and the ruling elites affected the law in Japan. The first chapter is dedicated to the historical milestones of organized crime in Japan from the 17th century to the implementation of the first comprehensive law against the organized crime - the Bōtaihō, in 1991. In the next part of this thesis the particularities of the legislation against organized crime can be found, including the differences of the American and European models as well as the details of the Bōtaihō law itself. The third chapter is dedicated to the complementary and follow-up legislations concerning the fight against organized crime. Key words: organized crime, yakuza, legal instruments to fight organized crime
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The legal position of the Federation of Jewish Communities in the Czech Republic
Crofony, Timea ; Tretera, Jiří Rajmund (advisor) ; Horák, Záboj (referee)
Resumé This thesis concerns itself with legal position and operation of The Federation of Jewish Communities in Czech Republic. It brings the perspective on fundamental legal regulations which form a base for operation of The Federation of Jewish Communities and which the Federation is obliged to conform to. The thesis also includes historical insight and cultural background of Jewish religion and its relevant particularities. The aim of my thesis was to put the operation and standing of The Federation of Jewish Communities into Czech legal framework, to describe a specific linkage of legal regulations with religious practice and Jewish religious observances and to use real-life examples to demonstrate the impact and reflection of legal regulations in life of members of Jewish communities and associated organizations. This thesis is divided into four chapters (apart from Preamble and Conclusion), most of which is then further divided into subchapters and other sections. First chapter concerns itself with general definition of religious freedom in the context of Czech legal system, with basic overview of legal sources of Czech state ecclesiastical law and with assessment of Federation's position in the context of Legal Act Nr. 3/2002 Coll. on freedom of religious confession and the position of churches and...
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