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Interpretation of the Folk Religiosity: From Enlightened "Superstition" to Postmodern "Spirituality"
Veith, Daniel ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
This work represents various approaches to the phenomenon of folk religiosity, both from the perspective of ethnology and related humanities as well. Folk religiosity is here understood within the meaning of folk version of official religious ideas. Ever since the time of the Reformation in the 16th century, there were efforts to make a discipline out of the folk religiosity. Then the Age of Enlightenment contributed to the process of "disenchantment of the world" (Max Weber). Results of these processes are illustrated, among other things, in the example of handwritten prayer books and the phenomenon of folk chronicleship. The Enlightenment condemnation of folk "superstitions" in the name of racionality is put into context of postmodern interest in the so-called "Celtic Spirituality". Contemporary Celtic Spirituality is a specific spiritual power, which refers to numerous elements from traditional folk religiosity circuit. The analysis of the second life of folk religiosity shows to the creative reinterpretation, which emphasizes the perception of the world as the creation.
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Children of African immigrants in Portugal: strategies of identity construction
Kraftová, Barbora ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Šatava, Leoš (referee)
In my thesis I deal with processes of identity construction among the children of immigrants from Lusophone Africa (Portuguese-speaking African countries) living in Portugal. The group in focus serves as a starting point for an examination of how the new hybrid and syncretic identities are constructed in today's globalized world. The children of immigrants, balancing on the edge of two or more cultures and identities and not fitting in any of the categories through which people normally identify themselves, are an ideal group for the illustration of these phenomena. In the course of my field work I was able to identify three main strategies by means of which the children of immigrants cope with their ambivalent position in society and try to find their place in the world: the strategy of identification with Portugal, the strategy of identification with their parents' country of origin and the strategy of mixed identification. Through the analysis of the functioning of these three strategies I try to find out the factors that determine which strategy each of the informants chooses and what is the impact of this choice on their lives. The results tell us a lot not only about the children of immigrants themselves but about the Portuguese society in general as well.
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Uzbek community in the Prague
Drahoňovský, Libor ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Tereza (referee)
This thesis thematically deals with Uzbek minority in Prague, which was formed during the last two decades. Main part contain and analyze the structure of the Uzbek minority, and I used the statistics concerning number, working and educational activities, gender representation, territorial decomposition, crime and infringements of residential regime of Uzbek immigrants. I focus also on determination of expanse and method of integration in the majority society environment, patterns of behavior and thinking and culture aspects of everyday life in the minority group. From the research methods I use survey, in-depth interviews and participant observation. I place emphasis on the definition of "push" and "pull" factors of immigration. In addition, I document how the Uzbek Immigrants assess social and cultural environment of the host country, their attitudes and opinions to the people of the Czech Republic and members of other nationalities, especially to those with whom they come in a host country usually in contact, and how they integrate in the Czech environment. I also pay big attention to the changes that took place in the Uzbek community during life in the Czech Republic, including the period after 2008 due to the recession of Czech economy and restrict working opportunities and perspectives....
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Czech Banat at the beginning of the 21st century
Traxmandl, Jiří ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Tereza (referee)
The Czech Banat at the beginning of hte 21st century This thesis deals with the life of Czech compatriots in Romanian Banat. It shows the settlement of this area, the emergence of Czech villages and life in them. The Czechs came from the almost two centuries, and the atmosphere is characterized by their homes. Currently they are living in six villages. Their livelihood is in the early 21st century began to change. Recently in this area is coming every year more and more Czech tourists. It keeps my face Banat, or become a tourist attraction?
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"On the land". The original inhabitants of the north from the point of view of ecological anthropology
Boukal, Tomáš ; Kašpar, Oldřich (advisor) ; Maiello, Giuseppe (referee) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
Work is concerned with possibility of the application of ethnology and landscape ecology methods in protection of the ethno-ecological landscape stability and landscape planning in the area of northwest Siberia. Valuable experiences were acquired from mapping in region northern Canada and on the basis of author's research in three northern regions (Sverdlovsk region, Jamalo-Nenets autonomous region, Russia and NWT, Canada). These regions are inhabited by original population in conditions of landscape balance threatened by outer factor. These conditions require to design feasible method of landscape ethno-ecological mapping and planning for region of the north-western Siberia.
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Barbora Hoblová and Mladoboleslavsko
Pilíková, Klára ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
This presentation is devoted to the life and work of Barbora Hoblova, a significant figure of the region of Mlada Boleslav who was at the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century an important social and ethnographic pioneer and an activist in women's movement and in the field of female education of this region. She was born in 1852 in Nymburk where as 20 years old she was credited with the foundation of a female reading society Lada in which she participated until her wedding in 1879. After the wedding together with her husband, a gymnasium professor, she moved to Mlada Boleslav. During first years in this city she was devoted to the education of her son until in the middle of eighties she became involved in ethnographic activity and few years later she participated in the birth of Mlada Boleslav's Society of Ladies and Maidens where she was active until her death. Thanks to her activities several important social institutions grew up in this city; such as nursery, a home for unemployed women, evening school of sewing etc. She participated also in the collection of materials for the Ethnographic Czecho-Slavic Exhibition which was held in 1895. For her contribution in organizing this exhibition she and her husband were reworded with a diploma and a medal which made her known among professionals in this...
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Argonauti: 30 years of a youth hiking club
Pohunek, Jan ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
This paper describes history and character of a youth hiking club from Prague called Argonauti ("Argonauts") as a representant of minor youth organizations evolved from boy scouting. Origins of the club, which can be traced to 1960- 70s, it's structure as a social group, requirements, symbolics, role of tradition, perceived elitism and paedagogic methodology are also discussed. The club itself, as a group of individuals, but with a different name, was founded shortly before 1968, and became a 11th boy-scout club of Psohlavci centre when previously banned scouting was renewed during events of the Prague Spring. As the communist regime restored it's ban on scouting, the club was re-registered under Red Cross Youth, dissolved and revived again in 1977 as a local youth hiking and watermanship centre Gemini. Argonauti were created as a foremost club in this centre and did split from Gemini at 1993, forming an independent youth centre called Argo. Neither organization re-adopted boy scouting after 1989, unlike other former scouting clubs, which were masking their scouting activities in a similar manner. These former scouting clubs and similar organizations belonging to other youth movements (like Woodcraft), including the club discussed, can be in varying degrees considered to be a part of the "grey zone", which...
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The traditional nomads cultures of the Central Asia
Hejzlarová, Tereza ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
Turkic nomadic tribes of the Central Asia, in fact the traditional material and spiritual cultures of nomadic Kazakh, Kyrkyz, Turkmen and Uzbek peoples, are described in this diploma paper. Territory classified in this paper as Central Asia is limited to the territory of five states: Kazakhstan, Kyrkyzstan, Turkmenstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. The theme is also limited by other linquistic and political criteria. Therefore e.g. Tajik (belonging to Iranian linguistic family) or Karakalpak cultures (ethnic minority within Uzbekistan territory) are set aside this theme. The whole paper is divided into two parts, the former one consisting of five chapters introducing the area and its historical background represents the essentials for the latter one devoted to the phenomenon of nomadic shephards and manifestation of their culture. The period between the 18th century and the 20s of the 20th century is described in the second part. Most of the first records were provided by the Russian researchers. After the Soviet Union had been established further field research and ethnographic expeditions were organized and vast amount of materials dealing with cultures of the Central Asian peoples were gathered. This paper is aimed at introducing basic facts of traditional nomadic shepherds culture, the majority of them...
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The Imigrants and their Adaptation in the Czech Republic after 1989
Matulová, Monika ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
and key words Content of this bachelor thesis is based on a written professional case study of an immigrant group, concentrated on expatriates in the Czech Republic after the year 1989. It is an elaboration of data and detailed analysis of immigrants called expatriates, in other words immigrants in our country. Work is conceived on read literature, fieldwork and with the support of lectures at the Institute of Ethnology at the Faculty of Arts of Charlese University in Prague. The project deals mainly with issues of migration, immigration and its development from the year 1989 till today's date. Therefore it is retrospective view on a given subject and reflects the situation in our country. Offers theoretical framework, definitions and explanations of significant aspects in the area of international migration to the Czech Republic and its development.
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Magic and rational in the life of present Romani élite. Love magic
Hrdličková, Lucie ; Moravcová, Mirjam (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
ln my doetoral thesis I pursue magie and superstitious ideas whieh are the integral part of tspiritual life of the Roma. I tried to ob serve the Romany eommunity from another side. Magie and superstitious ideas of the Roma remain foggy from the seientifie point of view. For the Romany population including the Roma élite they are taboo and for the majority of the soeiety including seholars who deal with the problems of the Roma they are of no aeeount or they are not mentioned, they are unknown. The work deals with the present signifieanee, eondition and funetion of the traditions, aets and praetiees eonneeted with magie and superstitious ideas from the field of love magie. This question of the spiritual life of eontemporary Czeeh Romany people was elaborated on the historieally based superstitious and magie baekground whieh was interpreted by the seolars as the individuality of Romany spirituallife. The problem of magie and superstitious ideas in the field oflove magie is seen from the point ofview ofthe woman who is a hol der, a performer and a recipient ofthese eoneeptions. The work follows the problems of the magie in partner relationships - the problems of the beginning, keeping, renewing and eeasing love relations and the way magie inf1uenees them. The intention of the work is to analyze the magie ideas...
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