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The Globalization and the Cosmopolitan Theory of Democracy
Vařeková, Petra ; Šimsa, Martin (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
This thesis is concerned with possibility of a cosmopolitan approach to democracy in the world changed by processes of globalization. The issue of globalization is analyzed from the perspective of three contemporary sociologists - Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens and Jan Keller. It will be shown in which way economic, cultural and political globalization changes rules of world politics. A modern concept of democracy traditionally assumed the nation-state framework, however nation-states are no longer able to react adequately to the global dimension of contemporary world issues. This fact allows thesis to open up a concept of cosmopolitanism that has ambitions to expand democratic governance at the global level. First this thesis will introduce Kant's cosmopolitan proposition of international legal order - a voluntary league of states. According to Kant, a perpetual peace can be achieved through realization of three spheres of public law: constitutional law, international law and cosmopolitan law. Many authors responded to Kant's position, each of them in a quite different way. In The Law of Peoples John Rawls proposes a political conception of right and justice that applies strictly to the principles and norms of international law. On the other hand, cosmopolitan authors like David Held and Daniele Archibugi...
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Civil Religion. Audit and Update
Jüptner, Jan ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee) ; Hrubec, Marek (referee)
PhD thesis assesses the history of the idea of civil religion and proposes a theoretical interface encompassing all its conceptualisations encountered to date (Rousseau, Bellah, Cristi, Parsons, Luhmann, and Lübbe). Civil religion is understood here as a system of reference points through which society, in the process of self-description, projects into the peripheries its autopoietic realities (of the past, future and eternality) so as to lend stability and import to its existence. By relating to these references, a discourse originates which, being characteristic of the presence of thick and comprehensive meanings, enables the society to communicate about its origins, ends and purpose. In its civil configuration this discourse is pluralist and the involvement of its actors is quite restrained. The model allows for an analysis of the entire serious symbol-based communication of the actors (weighty words, religious symbols, nationalism, conspiracy theories and political correctness) within a single context, as well as of preconditions for such communication. The crisis discourse opened in the USA after 9/11 and aspects of Czech life and institutions are also analysed. In the Czech Republic we identify a minority civil religion discourse, concentrated around semi-secularised references on truth and...
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Geodynamic evolution and emplacement of Eisgarn - type granitoids (Moldanubian Batholith)
Paclíková, Jana ; Verner, Kryštof (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
English abstract This diploma thesis deals mainly with identification of magmatic (respectively magnetic) fabrics, geodynamical aspects of emplacement and geochronology of the Eisgarn granitoids. For the analysis Klenov and Mrákotín pluton were chosen, which is placed in the eastern part of the Moldanubian Batholith. This thesis contains petrological and mezoscopic structural analysis of the host metamorphic rocks of the Moldanubian Unit and it includes calculation of P-T conditions of the main mineral assemblage. This is followed by petrological, geochemical and mezoscopic structural analysis of the Klenov and Mrákotín pluton and analysis of the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility, geochronology of the Klenov pluton, gravimetry analysis and determination of the orientation of density interfaces in different depths. Granitoids of the Klenov and Mrákotín pluton are characterized as S-type granitoids, whose protolith were probably metasedimentary rocks. From the analysis it is also evident that the Klenov pluton records lower degree of magma fractionation than the Mrákotín pluton. The emplacement and crystallization of both studied magmatic bodies took place in cooperation with a development of regional metamorphic fabrics, which originate between 329 and 327 Ma. During this period a rapid exhumation of...
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Machiavelli's double solutions of resolving Italian crisis. The Prince and Discourses
Liška, Jan ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Kučera, Jan (referee) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
At the end of 15th and the beginning of 16th century, Italy found itself in a deep political crisis. Although Italy was the most developed part of Europe at that time both culturally and economically, large parts of the peninsula were under direct influence of foreign powers. As a great Florentine and Italian patriot Machiavelli was greatly saddened by development and reflected this situation in his writing. Two greatest pieces of his work The Prince and Discourses on Livy each offer a different solution to this crisis. In The Prince Machiavelli tries to find a way back to Italy's lost freedom and greatness through one extraordinary man - the prince, while in Discourses he concludes that only republican institution and just laws can be the solution. This paper aims to introduce both of these solutions presented by Machiavelli and by comparing them within the correct historical-political context ultimately decide which one of them would Machiavelli himself favour.
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Camparison of social contract of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
Veselý, Tomáš ; Kučera, Rudolf (advisor) ; Franěk, Jakub (referee)
This thesis deals with the theory of social contract, specifically the concepts of the social contract of two great English philosophers of 17th century, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. The theory of social contract is one of the most important paradigms of Western civilization, which explains the origin and functioning of the state. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke are among the first thinkers who come up with a coherent theory of social contract. The first goal is to introduce concept of the social contract of the authors. What are their assumptions? What is the situation of society before the conclusion of contract? How is the social contract concluded and how terminated? Which form of the state do they prefer and why? What is their's conception of state power? What are the rights and obligations of the citizens and sovereign in state? How were they influenced by the political situation they lived in. The second goal is a comparison of their theories. A lot of apects of their theories are similar. On the other hand many aspects are very different. The work is divided into three main sections supplemented by a brief introduction and conclusion. The first two parts deal with each one of philosophers. The third part contains the actual comparison. Thomas Hobbes and John Locke are undoubtedly ones of the most...
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Structural evolution of infra- and superstructure boundary in orogens
Peřestý, Vít ; Lexa, Ondrej (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
ENGLISH ABSTRACT This work focuses on structural and deformational aspects of the crust development during orogeny, based on historical suprastructure/infrastructure concept. The uppermost suprastructure is dominated by steep fabrics, which evolved in a brittle regime within early stages of orogeny, and which sustain almost unchanged for the whole period of orogenic evolution. On the other hand, the infrastructure is located in the lower crust, where ductile processes dominate. Because the ductility is a thermally activated process, sufficiently long time is needed to heat the lower crust, and therefore the infrastructure is younger than suprastructure. Gently to shallowly dipping structures develop as a consequence of ductile flow. The aim of this study is to describe processes on the suprastructure/infrastructure boundary. Position of this boundary is closely related to brittle/ductile transition, and so that a brief introduction to rheology is included. Rheological boundaries are often places of high strain and high displacement gradients, which must be somehow accomodated. One possibility is to lose communication between adjacent levels and create a detachment plane, which is commonly supposed in the conventional thrust tectonics model. The other possibility is, that layers are at least partially...
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Subduction-driven shortening and differential exhumation in a Cadomian accretionary wedge: The Teplá?Barrandian unit, Bohemian Massif
Hajná, Jaroslava ; Žák, Jiří (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
2. English abstract This doctoral thesis is focused on analysis of tectonic deformations a geodynamic evolution of Neoproterozoic and Lower Paleozoic rocks of the Teplá−Barrandian Unit along the northwestern margin of the Prague basin (central Bohemian Massif). Using a wide range of modern methods, correlation of finite deformation patterns in different units allowed separation of structures formed during Cadomian and Variscan orogeny and interpretation of tectonic processes and tectonic history of the Cadomian orogenic belt during late Neoproterozoic. The research found direct evidence for and enabled new interpretations of Cadomian tectonic processes in the Bohemian Massif, including a succesion of deformation phases, quantification of finite deformation gradients and mechanisms. The different data sets were finally combined into an overall geotectonic model of Cadomian orogeny and its Variscan tectonothermal overprint in the Bohemian Massif, as well as the data were used for correlation with other Avalonian−Cadomian terranes. 5
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Tectonic evolution of the Mariánské Lázně Complex and of surrounding units
Hafoudh, Shumran ; Konopásek, Jiří (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
Tectonic evolution of the western margin of the Bohemian Massif is the result of southeastward Devonian subduction of the Saxothuringian Ocean followed by collision of the Saxothuringian continental crust with the easterly lying Teplá-Barrandian Domain during early Carboniferous (e.g. Franke 2000). Northwestern flank of the Teplá Barrandian Domain is represented by mafic and ultramafic rocks of the Mariánské Lázně Complex usually considered as an ophiolite complex documenting the closure of the Saxothuringian Ocean (e.g. Kastl &Tonika, 1984, Beard et al., 1994). Mariánské Lázně Complex is in the NW thrust over medium-grade metabasites and metasediments of the Kladská Unit with suggested Saxothuringian affinity (Kachlík, 1993), and in the SE it is overthrust by medium- to highgrade metasediments of the Teplá Complex (Cháb & Žáček, 1994). Geochronological data show that the northwestern flank of the Teplá-Barrandian Domain was exhumed already during Upper Devonian (Dallmeyer & Urban, 1998) and suggest apparent lack of deformation and metamorphism associated with Carboniferous collision. Our study has concentrated on structural record along the profile from the Kladská Unit to the Teplá Complex in order to separate structures produced during Devonian subduction and exhumation from those developed during...
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