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Epilepsy in children in the Bruntál district - experience of pharmaceutical treatment
Poloniová, Veronika ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Author: Mgr. Veronika Poloniová Title: Epilepsy in children in the Bruntál district - experience of pharmaceutical treatment University: Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Degree: Pharmacy Objective: The first aim of this thesis is to evaluate epilepsy treatment of children in the Bruntál district and compare it to epilepsy treatment guidelines. The second aim is to communicate recommendations for treatments using multiple medications. The third aim is to compare the epilepsy treatment of children to the treatment of adults as evaluated in the author's master's thesis. Methods: Patients 18 years and younger with focal and generalized epilepsy treated with pharmacotherapy between 1993 and 2015 in the Bruntál district (94,573 inhabitants) were included in the retrospective study. The endpoint for successful treatment was the elimination of epileptic seizures while minimizing side effects and preserving cognitive functions. Main findings: The most frequent monotherapy was valproate. The most frequent combined therapy included valproate and carbamazepine, less frequent were valproate and lamotrigin, and the combination of valproate and levetiracetam. There was no systematic use of three medications observed in the study. Topiramate was the most frequent substance added to...
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Osteoporosis, climacteric syndrome, and signs of the temporolimbic dysfunction
Capranicová, Aneta ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Aneta Capranicová Title of diploma thesis: Osteoporosis, climacteric syndrome and signs of the temporolimbic dysfunction Objective of the thesis: The aim of the diploma thesis was to find out whether there will appear temporolimbic dysfunctions in women attending the osteoporotic clinic at the Faculty Hospital in Hradec Králové and compare their results with the results of a healthy population. Methods: Two standardized questionnaires - CSPI and LSCL-33 - were used to assess the occurrence of epileptic spectrum disorders. The Microsoft Office Excel was used to process the results. Results: It was found that the women population reaches score points corresponding to the healthy population. In the CSPI questionnaire, the average value was 7.6 and for the LSCL-33 5.5 points. From these results it can be assumed that osteoporosis and climacteric syndrome does not affect the occurrence of epileptic spectrum disorders. To confirm the results, I would recommend the study to be repeated in a group with a larger number of respondents. For comparison with gamblers or smokers, both groups show a higher incidence of epileptic spectrum disorders than the group of women...
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Monitoring of multiple pregnancy by using biochemical markers in the early stages of pregnancy - II.
Janouchová, Lenka ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Bc. Janouchová Lenka Monitoring of multiple pregnancy by using biochemical markers in the early stages of pregnancy - II. Diploma thesis Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Specialist in Laboratory Methods The diploma thesis objective is to work out an algorithm enabling multiple pregnancy detection using first-trimester with pregnancy associated plasmatic protein A (PAPP-A) biochemical marker in the blood serum of expectant mother pregnant with one foetus or twin foeti. Detected PAPP-A markers value and free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free β hCG) are converted into MoM values, adjusted to body masses of expectant mothers and subsequently entered into graphs where shifts in values between single and twin pregnancies are visible. After testing a couple of empirical procedures an algorithm was found by means of which 83,78% of multiple pregnancy can be proved in the monitored group. When algorithm was set for MoM values of PAPP-A marker there were found no false positive results in the group of women with 1 foetus. Key words: multiple pregnancy, with pregnancy associated plasmatic protein A (PAPP-A), free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free β hCG)
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Methods for diagnosing the local staging of breast cancer
Malčíková, Barbora ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Head of thesis: PhDr. Zděnka Kudláčková, Ph.D. Consultant: MUDr. Petr Motyčka Student: Bc. Barbora Malčíková Title of the thesis: Methods for diagnosing the local staging of breast cancer Objective of the thesis: The aim of this diploma thesis was to get acquainted with the diagnostics of breast cancer, focusing on differences in clinical and pathological findings. Background: Differences in tumor size vary. There are tumors in which size is determined correctly (possibly with a tolerance of 20%) and tumors that have a large difference in the size determined by clinician and pathologist. Reasons are not known. However, differences in clinical and pathological findings are not statistically significant. Conclusions: Sufficient prevention by women and early diagnosis of breast cancer is a basic criterion for successful treatment and diagnosis of this disease. To investigate the causes of differences in clinical and pathological findings of tumors, further testing should be performed in a larger group of patients. Key words: breast cancer, breast cancer types, breast cancer diagnostics, breast cancer therapy, sonography, mammography, biochemical tumor markers
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Influence of oncomarker CA 19-9 in prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer
Pohančaníková, Nikola ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate Nikola Pohančaníková Consultant PhDr. Zděnka Kudláčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis Influence of tumor marker CA 19-9 for development pancreatic cancer Introduction: Pancreatic Cancer is a serious illness with non - specific initial characteristic symptoms. For most patients, the diagnosis is discovered only at an advance stage when the application of radical treatment is no longer possible. It is assumed that the tumor marker CA 19-9 levels are significant factors for determining diagnosis and prognosis of patients affected by the existence of a pancreatic tumor, particularly during active monitoring of the health condition of the affected patients. Objective: The objective of the research was to verify the significance of the tumor marker level CA 19-9 during the prognosis determination of patients suffering from pancreatic cancer. The objective of our research was simultaneously the comparison and assessment of CA 19-9 levels in individual patients and detection of the prognosis of susceptibility of the patients participating in our group. Methods: A total of 289 diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients were examined during the period between 01.01.2015 - 31.12.2015 in the Hradec...
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Early changes in tissue endoglin and VCAM-1 expression in mice aorta after administration of high fat diet
Swierczková, Iva ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Consultant: doc. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Candidate: Bc. Iva Swierczková Title of Thesis: Early changes in tissue endoglin and VCAM-1 expression in mice aorta after administration of high fat diet Background: The aim of the thesis was to observe changes in tissue endoglin and VCAM-1 expression in mice aorta after administration of chow and high-fat diet using immunohistochemical methods. Finally, these two groups were compared. Method: Two-month-old female C57BL/6J mice were used for the experiment. First half, which served as a control group, was fed with the chow diet. The second half was fed with the high fat diet, which contains 1.25 % of cholesterol and 40 % of fat, for the period of 3 months. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using the indirect three-step avidin-biotin complex method. Results: The expression of endoglin was detetced on the vascular endothelium but there were no evident differences in the staining intensity between the control group and the experimental group. We also observed VCAM-1 expression in the vascular endothelium. In the control group, expression appeared to be stronger than the experimental group, however these differences were not that significant....
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Monoclonal gammopathies from point of view of the biochemist
Drábková, Gabriela ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Gabriela Drábková Monoclonal gammopathy from the point of view of a biochemist Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare bioanalytics- Specialist in laboratory methods Monoclonal gammopathy are a very heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the proliferation of one clone of differentiated B lymphocytes producing homogeneous immunoglobulin, the so-called monoclonal immunoglobulin. This monoclonal immunoglobulin can be detected in serum and / or urine. Monoclonal gammopathy can also be defined as a group of diseases that result from mutation in a B-cell line. The monoclonal immunoglobulin may consist of both the intact immunoglobulin molecule or the structural components, i.e., the kappa or lambda light chains, more rarely from the heavy chains of the immunoglobulin molecule. The basic investigation methods of monoclonal immunoglobulin detection include serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation electrophoresis. Another important method in diagnosis and monitoring is the determination of free light chains. Multiple myeloma is an example of a tumor in which the prognosis has improved so much in recent years that today we can talk about a chronic illness. Median survival is currently around six years, and some patients get into...
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Signs of the temporolimbic dysfunction in epileptics
Nováková, Vladimíra ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Vladimíra Nováková Supervisor: Doc. MUDr. Josef Herink, DrSc. Title of diploma thesis: Signs of the temporolimbic dysfunction in epileptics The diploma thesis deals with signs of the temporolimbic dysfunction in epileptics and it is divided into the two main parts. The theoretical part summarized the issue of the temporo-limbic dysfunction. Then a survey of the basic knowledge of epilepsy with concentration on characteristic of temporal epilepsy is given. The practical part is targeted to the questionnaire chosen evaluation and of the working hypotheses confirmation. The main aim of the diploma thesis was the incidence of the epilepsy spectrum disorder evaluation. Keywords: temporal lobe, limbic system, temporal epilepsy, temporolimbic dysfunction, questionnaire assessment
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The role of the gut microbiome in immune-mediated CNS disorders
Zedníková, Barbora ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Semecký, Vladimír (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Barbora Zedníková Supervisor: Doc. MUDr. Josef Herink, DrSc. Title of diploma thesis: The role of the gut microbiome in immune-mediated CNS disorders Human body hosts a large number of microorganisms - i.e. Archea, Eukarya, Bacteria and viruses. These microorganisms form microbiome, the total number of the microorganisms is ten times higher than the number of all human cells. Largest part of the microbiome is located in the intestine. The current development of molecular genetics revealed the close relationship between intestinal microbiome and health. Recent studies the most recent studies have pointed to a connection with the pathogenesis of various diseases. This dissertation is focused on the connection between intestinal microbiome and autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Research shows that the key factor are the ongoing changes in the composition of microbiome. These changes lead to increased immune stimulation and thereby to inflammatory proliferation.
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Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons
Špuláková, Lucie ; Herink, Josef (advisor) ; Pourová, Jana (referee)
Bc. Lucie Špuláková Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Specialist in laboratory methods Objectives: The objective of this diploma thesis was to demonstrate the signs of epile- psy spectrum disorder in risk group of drug-dependent persons. Methods: We investigated the signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder by questionnaire survey - specifically by questionnaires Limbic System Checklist-33 (LSCL-33) and Complex Partial Seizure-like Symptoms Inventory (CPSI). We used statistical methods for results evaluation - the percentage comparison, chi-square test, and Spearman corre- lation coefficient. Results: The questionnaire survey demonstrated a significant shift towards abnormal values for both questionnaires. Abnormal score was achieved by 77 % respondents for questionnary LSCL-33, suspected score was achieved by 19 % respondents. Score for epilepsy spektrum disorder was achieved by 32 % respondents for questionnary CPSI and 45 % respondents showed unusual values. Conclusions: Signs of epilepsy spectrum disorder in drug-dependent persons was thus proved. The incidence is higher than in ordinary population and population of smokers. It was also...
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