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Alteration of transport proteins expression during obstructive cholestasis in rats II
Skořepová, Zuzana ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Němečková, Ivana (referee)
5 Abstract Zuzana Skořepová Alteration of transport proteins expression during obstructive cholestasis in rats II Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy Background: The aim of the diploma thesis was the verification of cholestatic liver impairment induced by bile duct obstruction lasting for 28 days in rats, by analysis of mRNA and protein expression of liver efflux transport proteins (Bsep, Bcrp, Mrp2, Mdr1, Mdr2, Mrp3, Mrp4). Methods: Wistar rats (n = 6, in each group; weighing 280 to 320 g) were divided into two groups: control rats were sham-operated (Sham) and BDO group (bile duct obstruction lasting for 28 days). mRNA and protein expression changes of the transporters were perfomed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results: As compared to Sham group, BDO group showed increase of mRNA expression of Mdr2 transporter to 303%, Mdr1b to 340% and Mrp3 to 9900%. Mrp2 mRNA expression was decreased to 42%. Obstructive cholestasis led to significant increase of protein levels - Bcrp to 160%, Mdr1 to 1010%, Mrp3 to 940% and Mrp4 to 140%. Mrp2, Bsep and Mdr2 protein levels were increased to 31%, 59% and 82%, respectively. Conclusion: Obstructive cholestasis led to decrease of canalicular liver transporters expression and increase of basolateral liver transporters...
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Interactions between WLAN networks
Doleželová, Eva ; Zeman, Kryštof (referee) ; Škorpil, Vladislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the possible interferences caused by the parallel running WLAN networks. It explains the history and subsequent development of wireless technologies and then focuses on current WLAN networks. It describes the problem of interference in WLAN networks and parameters that contribute to mutual interference. Practical part of this thesis consists of two laboratory exercises. The first task is implemented in the Riverbed program, in which a topology with three identical WLAN routers is assembled. After testing the WLAN routers, a graph describing the interference in the 2.4 GHz band is displayed, which is achieved by a suitable choice of frequency band, transmission power and channel. The second laboratory task is implemented utilizing the Iperf3 program, which is installed on three Raspberry Pi´s (RPi Zero, RPi 3, and RPi 4). Network congestion is achieved using the wifijammer script, which is installed on RPi 4. In this second laboratory task, the transmission parameters were first verified and the service was denied using the wifijammer script. For evaluation of the second laboratory task, the IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11n utilizing the frequency band 2,4 GHz were chosen. For testing, the following routers were used: Mercusys, Netis, Tp-Link and Asus routers. Once the measurements were over, all the data was processed and included as charts.
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Evaluation of cell adhesion molecules expression in mice aorta in animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Matějková, Barbora ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Doleželová, Eva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Consultant: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Candidate: Barbora Matějková Title of Thesis: Evaluation of Cell Adhesion Molecules Expression in Mice Aorta in Animal Model of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Background: The purpose of the thesis was to observe changes in the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in mice aorta endothelium. The study compares results of a group of mice after the administration of a NASH inducing diet and a group of mice fed by a chow diet. Method: Two groups of C57BL/6 mice were used for this experiment. At the age of ten weeks the experimental group was transferred to a NASH inducing diet which contains 40 % of calories from fat and 0.2 % from cholesterol. In addition to this diet, the experimental group was fed by fructose and glucose dissolved in drinking water with the concentration of 42 g/l (called "FFC-type diet" - high saturated fat, high saturated fructose, high saturated cholesterol). This diet lasted for 25 weeks. The control group was fed by a standard diet for rodents (called "chow-type diet"). The obtained samples were analysed by immunohistochemical methods. For ICAM-1, the indirect three-step avidin- biotin complex method was used. VCAM-1 molecules were...
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Evaluation of cell adhesion molecules expression in mice aorta in animal model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Matějková, Barbora ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Doleželová, Eva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Consultant: prof. PharmDr. Petr Nachtigal, Ph.D. Candidate: Barbora Matějková Title of Thesis: Evaluation of Cell Adhesion Molecules Expression in Mice Aorta in Animal Model of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Background: The purpose of the thesis was to observe changes in the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in mice aorta endothelium. The study compares results of a group of mice after the administration of a NASH inducing diet and a group of mice fed by a chow diet. Method: Two groups of C57BL/6 mice were used for this experiment. At the age of ten weeks the experimental group was transferred to a NASH inducing diet which contains 40 % of calories from fat and 0.2 % from cholesterol. In addition to this diet, the experimental group was fed by fructose and glucose dissolved in drinking water with the concentration of 42 g/l (called "FFC-type diet" - high saturated fat, high saturated fructose, high saturated cholesterol). This diet lasted for 25 weeks. The control group was fed by a standard diet for rodents (called "chow-type diet"). The obtained samples were analysed by immunohistochemical methods. For ICAM-1, the indirect three-step avidin- biotin complex method was used. VCAM-1 molecules were...
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Genetic diseases of the liver
Šepsová, Marika ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Tripská, Katarína (referee)
Author: Marika Šepsová Title: Genetic diseases of the liver Form: Bachelor Thesis University: Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Degree: Medical Laboratory Technician Liver function may be affected by various factors including genetic diseases. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to collect and summarize current information about genetic diseases of the liver. Diseases with the highest incidence in the population are Dubin-Johnson syndrome, Rotor syndrome, Crigler-Najjar syndrome and Gilbert's syndrome. They are known as inherited hyperbilirubinemia characterized by an impairment in bilirubin metabolism. These genetic diseases are very rare with exception of Gilbert's syndrome. However, despite low prevalence and incidence it is necessary not to prolong their diagnosis. Most of them do not have any complications and do not require any treatment. The exception is Crigler-Najjar's syndrome, as untreated can have fatal consequences. Wilson's disease and hereditary hemochromatosis are inherited disorders of metal metabolism. Wilson's disease is a rare disease caused by an impairment in copper metabolism. Inherited hemochromatosis causes excessive iron deposition in the liver and other organs. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is characterized by impaired alpha-1 antitrypsin protein...
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Endoglin and livers
Jozefčeková, Nikola ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Prašnická, Alena (referee)
Author: Nikola Jozefčeková Title: Endoglin and liver Form: Diploma Thesis University: Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Degree: Pharmacy This diploma thesis concludes the available information about endoglin, its isoforms in the liver and its impact on the liver during various pathological conditions. In the first part of the thesis describes morphology and physiology of the liver, its structure, histology and metabolic functions. Second part contains an information about endoglin, its isoforms and role in TGF-β signaling complex, expression of endoglin and regulation of the expression. In the third part are described liver diseases during which is expression of endoglin changed. This part deals with the significance of endoglin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. Endoglin (CD105, TGF-β receptor III) is a homodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein and a membrane co-receptor TGF-β with high expression in endothelial cells. Endoglin plays an important role in the vascular development. Endoglin is involved in the processes of angiogenesis, vascular homeostasis and TGF-β signalization. It affects activity of TGF-βRII, ALK1 and ALK5 receptors. Due to the interactions with TGF-β complex, modulation of activity of ALK receptors and Smads, endoglin controls fibrotic and anti-...
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Enterobius vermicularis
Exnerová, Andrea ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Doleželová, Eva (referee)
Andrea Exnerová Enterobius vermicularis Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Medical laboratory technician Background: The aim of this thesis is to create an overview of the current knowledge about Enterobius vermicularis and to perform a questionnaire study among parents. The aim of this survey is to find out informations about the progress, diagnosis and treatment of this infection and public awareness of this disease. Methods: Questionnaire study among parents, whose children have ever been infected with Enterobius vermicularis. Results: Pinworm infection is the most common among children aged 4-7 years. Half of the children who visited a pediatrician were examined. In almost 25 % of the cases, the stool sample was collected. The children were treated mostly with prescribed medication, the parents rarely chose home-treatment. In one third of the cases, the other members of the household were infected too. In the half of the cases the whole family was treated preventively. The most common symptom is rectal itching (83 %). Complications are exceptional. 60 % of the respondents incorrectly think that it is possible to get infected with pinworms from animals. The respondents most commonly called enterobiasis a disease of dirty hands. Conclusions: The...
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The effect of dietary prebiotic supplementation on neonatal development in rats
Medveďová, Martina ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Kovařík, Miroslav (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Biological and Medical Sciences University of Barcelona, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology Student: Martina Medveďová Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Doleželová, Ph.D. Consultant: Dr. Francisco José Pérez Cano, Ph.D. Study program: Pharmacy Title of diploma thesis: The effect of dietary prebiotic supplementation on neonatal development in rats Human breast milk is considered a gold standard in infant nutrition due to its multiple evident benefits on human health. However, breastfeeding is not always possible for various reasons; thus, it is a huge challenge to provide infant formulae which best mimic the composition and effects of human milk. Prebiotics added to infant formulae may greatly contribute to these prospective notable improvements in infant nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel dietary prebiotic supplementation (under patent) on growth, fecal consistency, and immune maturation in suckling rats. G14 Lewis suckling rats were distributed into 2 experimental groups (n = 21/group): reference and prebiotic group. Vehicle or the prebiotic was administered by oral gavage daily from day 2 to 16 of life. Animals were weighed daily and their size and...
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Effect of soluble endoglin on bile acids transport in livers
Kvasnicová, Lucia ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Jirkovský, Eduard (referee)
Lucia Kvasnicová Effect of soluble endoglin on bile acids transport in livers Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy Background: Increased plasma levels of soluble form of endoglin (sEng) were observed in patients with hypercholesterolemia, cystic fibrosis associated liver disease, or hepatocellular carcinoma combined with cirrhosis. As there are not available data focused on functional aspects of sEng in the liver, the aim of this diploma thesis was to describe the effect of sEng on the mechanism of bile formation and transport of bile acids in the liver. Methods: In our study were used six months-old transgenic male mice overexpressing human sEng on CBAxC57BL/6J background (sEng) and control mice (n = 8, in each group). Expressions of transport proteins responsible for bile acids homeostasis in the liver at mRNA and protein level were assessed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results: High plasma levels of sEng led to decreased plasmatic levels of bile acids. mRNA and protein expression analysis revealed, that this change occurs due to posttranscriptional induction of canalicular transporters, Bsep and Mrp2. Expression of an efflux Mrp4 protein localized at the basolateral membrane of hepatocyte was decreaced, which explains the decreased plasma...
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Dynamometry as a prognostic and prediction marker
Drobná, Zuzana ; Kovařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Doleželová, Eva (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Student: Zuzana Drobná Supervisor: PharmDr. Miroslav Kovařík, Ph.D. Title: Dynamometry as a prognostic and prediction marker Dynamometry is a method for measuring muscle strength. It is one of the methods of biomechanical motion analysis. There are two types of dynamometry. Isokinetic dynamometry is based on isokinetic muscle contraction. In this contraction, the muscles change their length. Isometric dynamometry is based on isometric muscle contraction. The length of the muscle does not change during the contraction. In my master thesis, 22 studies were included. Of this, 18 were engaged in a dynamometer, which measured muscle strength. Studies have been focused on prediction of short and long-term mortality, prognosis of hospitalized and severely ill patients, prediction of disease symptoms (cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver disease). I searched for studies according to the PubMed database. In 16 studies, it was confirmed that dynamometry can be used in the present time as a reliable diagnostic, predictive and prognostic method. Dynamometry is characterized as a simple, objective, non-invasive, easily transposable and reproducible method. Keywords: dynamometer, muscle...
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