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The comparison of two waste water treatment systems - constructed wetlands and mechanical.
Dudíková, Kristýna ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Vymazal, Jan (referee)
This thesis is focused to the comparison of two wastewater treatment systems - constructed wetlands and mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant. The main goal of the theses is to compare two types of wastewater treatment systems and to evaluate hypothesis that constructed wetlands are cheaper and more efficient than mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant. To be able to compare two various wastewater treatment systems 18 (9 constructed wetlands and 9 mechanical-biological plants, three size groups of both types of plants) wastewater treatment plant were chosen and compared. The treatment effectiveness, investment and operating costs, advantages and disadvantages of both the systems were compared. The information about all individual systems was obtained from the local municipalities, operators and partially from the Ministry of Environment of CR. Obtained data involved treatment technology, amount of annual treated water, building data and capital and operating costs. In some waste water treatment plant (WWTP) the water samples were taken and the analyses of chosen parameters (not measured in WWTP) were done. Once in 2010 year the samples of water, sediments and sludges were taken and the analyses of heavy metals was done. For assessment of operational problems in constructed...
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Application of fluidized layer of granular material in water treatment
Čuda, Jan ; Pitter, Pavel (referee) ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor)
Chemical treatment is the most often method used in water treatment in the Czech republic. It is based on dosage of destabilisation reagent into raw water, formation of separable aggregates and their separation by sand filtration. Waterworks optimalisation is predominantly carried out by change of the chemical parameters, typically by change of destabilisation reagent dose. Physical parameters in water treatment like the magnitude of the velocity gradient and period of its duration are undervalued commonly, although they have crucial effect on quality of the aggregates. Character of the aggregates (size, density, compactness) influence their separability. This study aims at evaluation of influence of the magnitude of the velocity gradient on quality of suspension formed. Infuence of stirring intensity was performed on the pilot plant situated in the Želivka waterworks, which is fed from Švihov reservoir. The pilot plant worked at two modes: 1) slow stirring by perforated baffles and 2) fast stirring by fluidised layer of granular material. Fast stirring was either aggregational (served only as stirring element), or separational (separation of aggregates proceed already in the fluidised layer) Infuence of the magnitude of velocity gradient was evaluated by aggregation test. Seperation effectivity...
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Case study - biogas plant Úpice
Přidal, Štěpán ; Pastorek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor)
In this work, a full-scale biogas plant (electrical installed capacity of 150 kW) located in Úpice near the city of Trutnov was monitored and assessed. The input materials of this plant are sewage sludge and different types of organic wastes. The samples of solid digestate were regularly taken between December 2008 and December 2009 and they were analysed for the content of toxic substances. Data concerning the amounts of particular input materials and the production of biogas were obtained directly from the operator of the plant. In order to reveal, if there is a relationship between the amount of particular input material and the production of biogas, a multiple linear regression was used. Finally, an overall assessment of the biogas plant was also implemented. The results of chemical analyses showed the digestate fulfills the norms given by the Czech legislation and thus can be certified and put on the market. Potentially problematic substances that should be monitored in the future are zinc and PAHs. A multiple linear regression identified "a gut fillings" and "silage" as the most suitable substrates for the biogas production in this plant. However, the value of r2 coefficient was quite low (r2 ~ 0,73), so we cannot say there is a clear relationship between the amounts of particular input...
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