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Why do states decide for or against the intervention in other states? Case Study: Libya and Syria
Vacková, Kateřina ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The master thesis on the topic Why do states decide for or against the intervention in other states? Case Study: Libya and Syria is focused on analysing the motives of states, which are crucial for deciding to intervene or not to intervene in the territory of a foreign state. The whole issue is assessed from the perspective of two major theories of international relations - liberalism and realism. As the first research case was chosen the international community's intervention in Libya in 2011. The case was analysed from the perspective of Sweden, which took part in the operation by the deployment of eight fighters Jas 39 Gripen. As the second case was chosen the civil war in Syria, which has been underway since 2011 and whose situation would have required similar interference by the international community. However, this has not happen until that time, although the states are militarily involved in Syria. This case was analysed from the view of Russia, which did not take part in operation in Libya, but since September 2015 has been involved in fighting on the ground in Syria. As a last case was chosen Great Britain, which has militarily participated in both conflicts. For the analysis itself was used Ortega's typology of interventions, which was adapted for the purpose of this work. The different...
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Police Democratization in the Countries of the Visegrad Group
Červ, Filip ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Stejskal, Libor (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the democratisation of the police in the four post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe - the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland. The interest of the thesis is focused on the transformation of the regular police with regard to the personnel issue. Using the theories of transition three hypotheses are verified. The first one presupposes that the police are the pillar of a nondemocratic regime and the transition to democracy takes a long time in this institution. The other considers the police to be the reflection of society, so its transition is not different from the rest of society and state institutions. The last of the hypotheses says that the police are too important and it is the priority of the new regime to make its quick transformation. At the time of transition to democracy, there is a change in leadership, verification of police officers, the dismissal of compromised individuals, the appointment of new senior policemen, and the recruitment of the rest of the police force. The perspective of personnel changes is thus an appropriate indicator of the events that the police have undergone in connection with the transformation of the country. Despite a number of different factors and processes, an analysis of the democratisation of the four...
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U. S. Maritime Security - Strategies and Measures Applied
Herout, Jakub ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
National security of the United States of America is dependent on secure use of the world's oceans. U. S. security interests are bound to international trade which is carried out primarily by ships (80 percent of world trade by volume of which 20 percent is bound to U. S. maritime trade). Vastness of maritime domain brings about many security issues which threaten interests of the United States. Terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon on 9/11 caused rapid intensification of security measures. These measures have been implemented to deal with maritime related threats such as terrorism, piracy, drug smuggling, human trafficking, arms trade, computer criminality or natural disasters. This work proceeds from widened concept of security pioneered by authors representing the Copenhagen school.
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States without Armed Forces: A Comparative Case Study of Demilitarization in Panama and Costa Rica
Sponták, Tomáš ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis is focused on countries which do not have their own armies, especially those which had an army in the past but decided to abolish it. The main part of the thesis is a comparison of two particular countries - Panama and Costa Rica - having undergone a process of demilitarization in the last century. The thesis aims to identify factors which conditioned a contradictory post-demilitarization development of the respective countries and clarify their motivation to abolish their armies. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first one is to introduce the contemporary army-less countries to a reader. Second chapter, the theoretical one, deals with praetorianism - a situation when an army becomes a dominant element of the executive and the society as a whole. Chapters number three and four are detailed case studies of Panama and Costa Rica.
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Legal status of medical personnel, especially of the International Committee of the Red Cross in armed conflicts
Bejdák, Matěj ; Pulgret, Miroslav (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe the legal status of medical personnel in armed conflicts. An emphasis is laid upon the medical personnel of the International Committee of the Red Cross. The scope of the first part of the thesis is the legal framework governing armed conflicts which is the international humanitarian law; its essential principles, applicability and branches are mainly covered. Further, the thesis describes the status and tasks of the International Committee of the Red Cross within international law. Lastly, the legal status of medical personnel in armed conflicts is described. Since the medical personnel belong among persons protected under the Geneva Conventions of 1949, the vast majority of this part is dedicated to the protection which the international humanitarian law grants to the personnel. The primary (related to the medical personnel themselves) and secondary (related to medical buildings, symbols, etc.) protection is distinguished.
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NATO states' operations against violent non-state actors in Somalia, Afghanistan and Mali
Müller, Vojtěch ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze selected military operations of NATO states in Somalia, Afghanistan and Mali against violent non-state actors, who led anti-government insurgence in these states. On the basis of analysis of individual interventions will be rendered their comparison and by its result, I will try to capture the development of military strategies, which were used by the states within counter-insurgence operations. Because the start of interventions in Somalia and Mali is divided by more than 20 years, it is possible to capture prospective development. Furthermore, due to analyzing individual military interventions, I will be able to identify reasons for their success or eventual failure.
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"The 'new right' The English Defence League and PEGIDA"
Radloff, Paul Christian ; Charvát, Jan (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis is aimed at analysing key similarities and differences of the Englsih Defence League and the German-born social movement PEGIDA. Whereas both movements have a common goal, to stop the perceived Islamisation of their respective countries, and Europe as a whole, the means and methods vary greatly. Moreover, it is argued that the followership of said organisations differ in age, social background and motivation. Both organisations are able to exert a certain amount of influence on their supporters, the rest of the society, as well as policy- makers and the political elite. Both organisations have influenced the societal and political climate of their respective countries of origin and also in the countries in the European neighbourhood with links to individuals and organisations in North America.
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The Policy Paradox of the Intelligence Community Setup and its Democratic Oversight: The Case of the Czech Republic between 1993 and 2013
Ryza, Tomáš ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
Intelligence services are vital security systém elements of each democratic state. Access to the important intels without any lags is basic for state to survive. No state, nor the democratic nor the totalitarian can survive withou intelligence. On the other hand, strong based and rooted oversight is nature in democratic states. Basic purpose of this work is in examination of the situation in the Czech republic, where intelligence systém reform should be prepared as soon as possible. Especially in the light of missuse of the military intelligence by prime minister's mistress in 2013. In advance, the limits of current oversight methods and systém should be find. Deborah Stone's, proffesor of Dartmouth university, in the Czech republic rare theory called Policy Paradox is used as main for this work. It was choosen because it brings new view on the current intelligence system setup and its oversight. This analytical model see creation of public policy as continuous clash of personal and public interests. In advanced it is in opposition to the traditional view of policy from the market perspective and it provide new view as ancient polis where you have to beer the public interest on your mind. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Insurgent Governance Systems: The Effectiveness of the Taliban and the Islamic State
Kent, Joshua ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The master's thesis Insurgent Governance Systems: The Effectiveness of the Talban and the Islamic State is a qualitative comparative analysis of Islamic Jihadist rebel governance systems in the cases of the Islamic State and the Taliban. Using Mampilly's framework for effective rebel governance systems, I analyze the various factors, stemming from 'below', 'within', and 'above' that negatively and positively affect an insurgent government, its leadership, and the civilians that dynamically interact with the rebels. This thesis' aim is three part. First, it aims to show that variations between conventional rebel governments and Islamic Jihadist governance systems do exist. Second, that variation also exists between different Islamic Jihadist rebel governments, and that the challenges and opportunities presented by civilians and international actors are dealt with differently. Third, that the effectiveness of these rebel organizations is dependent on the factors presented by Mampilly, yet is not static as effectiveness of a rebel governance system changes throughout a conflict. This thesis found that significant variation, as well as some similarities, exists between conventional and Islamic Jihadist organizations; through analyzing the two cases presented, we can see variation does exist between the...
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NATO-Russia Relationship after the Annexing of Crimea from Nuclear Weapons Perspective
Flajšhans, Ludvík ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The aim of this work is to determine the influence of nuclear weapons possession in 1) Russia's foreign policy in the Ukraine crisis, 2) relations between NATO and Russia. For this purpose the work monitors the development of NATO - Russia relations from the Budapest memorandum until present. The work also creates typology of russian signalling activities based on the theoretical basis of the nuclear deterrence conceptions and especially on the models of crisis signalling, which is closely linked to these conceptions. After monitoring these activities the work concludes that Russia is indeed using threats of nuclear weapons employment in the framework of it's attitude towards Ukraine crisis and also the intensity of signalling shows similar development as the relations with NATO.
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