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Determination of Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Drugs
Smolová, Eva ; Kubíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Title and author's name Eva Smolová Institution Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové Specialization Pharmacy Title of thesis Determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of drugs Consultant Ing. Vladimír Kubíček, CSc. Number of pages 75 Defended 2014 Keywords Dissociation constant, Potentiometry, Spectrophotometry The aim of the thesis was the determination of dissociation constants of eight potential drugs (synthetized at Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Analysis) using potentiometric and UV-VIS spectrophotometric methods. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused preferably to protolytic reactions, pH determination and dissociation constant determination. Utilization of dissociation constants is described in the last paragraph of the theoretical part. The experimental part deals with the description of dissociation constant measurements and processing experimental data. In the final part the results are summarized. Parts of the human body, in which the studied drugs would be found in the neutral form, are given. The obtained results were compared with literary data. Agreement of the most of the results with the literary data is very good.
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Photophysical and Photochemical Study of Metal Free Phthalocyanines and Their Azaanalogues
Ludvová, Lucie ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Švec, Jan (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department: Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Lucie Ludvová Supervisor: PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Photophysical and Photochemical Study of Metal Free Phthalocyanines and Their Azaanalogues This work deals with phthalocyanines and azaphthalocyanines that are macrocyclic compounds with large conjugated system giving them interesting photophysical properties. The aim of this work was to prepare new phthalocyanines and azaphthalocyanines and complete a previously prepared series of compounds. Concretely, the compounds with peripheral substituents connected through oxygen (tert-butoxy for azaphthalocyanines and butoxy and tert-butoxy for phthalocyanines) were intended to prepare. The work was mainly focused on the synthesis of intermediates (4,5-dibutoxyphthalonitrile and 4,5-di-tert-butoxyphthalonitrile), that are precursors for the preparation of phthalocyanines. 4,5-disubstituted phthalonitriles with a substituents bound through heterotom are usually synthesized using nucleophilic substitution of 4,5-dichlorophthalonitrile. However, this procedure was not successful in our case. The method was changed and 4,5-dibutoxyphthalonitrile was successfully prepared from pyrocatechol,...
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Preparation of Substituted Arylsulfanyl Azaphthalocyanine
Filandrová, Tereza ; Nováková, Veronika (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate Mgr. Tereza Filandrová Consultant PharmDr. Veronika Nováková, PhD. Title of Thesis Preparation of substituted arylsulfanyl azaphthalocyanine The aim of this thesis was to prepare a series of symmetrical azaphthalocyanines (AzaPc) with arylsulfanyls on the periphery with different bulky substituents in the ortho positions (hydrogen, methyl, isopropyl) or a functional group in the para position (-Br). These AzaPc were prepared by cyclotetramerization reactions of 5,6-disubstituted pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile namely 5,6-bis(phenylsulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, 5,6-bis((2,6-dimethylphenyl)sulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile and 5,6-bis-((2,6- diisopropylphenyl)sulfanyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile. These precursors were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of 5,6-dichloropyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile with commercially available thiophenol and 2,6-dimethylbenzenthiol or synthesized 2,6- diisopropylbenzentiol.The latter one had to be prepared by the Newman-Kwart rearrangement. Several cyclotetramerization methods were compared resulting thus in magnesium, zinc and metal free AzaPcs. Properties of prepared AzaPcs were also studied and compared...
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Synthesis of Substituted Phthalocyanines with Bulky Substutients
Zajícová, Ivana ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of pharmaceutical chemistry and drug control Candidate Mgr. Ivana Zajícová Consultant Doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík Ph.D Title of Thesis Synthesis of substituted phthalocyanines with bulky substutients Synthesis of symmetric phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines containing bulky substituent (tert- butylsulfanyl and later pentan-3-ylsulfanyl group) in their structure was aim of my master thesis. The precursors, 6,7-bis(tert-butylsulfanyl)naphthalene-2,3-dicarbonitrile and two 3,6-disubstituted phthalonitriles were prepared as starting materials. Synthesis of 3,4,12,13,21,22,30,31-octakis(tert- butylsulfanyl)naphthalocyaninato zinc(II) complex proceeded without any problems using diazabicycloundecene and zinc acetate in butanol. However, cyclotetramerization of precursor to octakis- 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-(tert-butylsulfanyl)phthalocyaninato zinc(II) complex was problematic. I could not find a suitable method of synthesis. As an alternative to this compound I tried to prepare analogue containing flexible pentane-3-ylsulfanyl instead of tert-butylsulfanyl group. In this case, a magnesium butoxide was used as initiator of cyclotetramerization. Magnesium complex was transformed to the zinc complex by removal of central magnesium...
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Synthesis of ceramide analogues based on 5C sphingosine
Drozen, Tomáš ; Vávrová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of anorganic and organic chemistry Candidate: Tomáš Drozen Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Kateřina Vávrová, Ph.D. Title of Diploma thesis: Synthesis of ceramide analogues based on 5C sphingosine Ceramides are lipids, in particular sphingolipids. They have many important roles in the organism. Ceramides form the main part of lipid matrix in the stratum corneum, the uppermost skin layer, and take an important part in maintaining skin barrier properties. Membranes of eukaryotic cells also contain ceramides, and both ceramides and their derivatives formed in organism are important signalling molecules. They act as both primary and secondary messengers, participating in regulation of cell growth, apoptosis and inflammatory responses. Although ceramides have been investigated for a long time, there are still many unanswered questions. Fo rthe understanding of the ceramide functions, it is necessary to investigate their movement in the organism and study the effects of their analogs with changed structure. Olefin metathesis is often used for synthesis of analogs with varying chain length or different florescent labels. This thesis describes attempts to synthesise ceramide analogs with very short sphingosine chain, which can be used...
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Synthesis and Study of Properties of Aza-analogues of Phthalocyanines
Nováková, Veronika ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Kuča, Kamil (referee) ; Kubát, Pavel (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control Candidate Mgr. Veronika Nováková Supervisor doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík, Ph.D. Title of Doctoral Thesis Synthesis and study of properties of aza-analogues of phthalocyanines Phthalocyanines (Pc) and their azaanalogues azaphthalocyanines (Azapc) are planar macrocyclic compounds with significant absorption band at 620-720 nm finding application in the areas such as photodynamic therapy, chemical catalysis and solar cells. Photophysical (fluorescence) and photochemical (singlet oxygen production) parameters are important in above mentioned applications. Peripheral substituents of Pc/AzaPc play key role in this case. Alkylsulfanyl and alkyloxy derivatives exerted high fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF) as well as quantum yields of singlet oxygen (ΦΔ). On the other hand, alkylamino substitution led to almost zero values of both ΦF and Φ∆. These derivatives have recently found new application as dark quenchers in DNA hybridization probes. The first part of this thesis demonstrated that intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) is responsible for zero values of quantum yields of alkylamino AzaPc and that the lone electron pair of peripheral nitrogen is a donor for ICT in AzaPc....
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Azaphthalocyanines substituted with one aminogroup - influence of aliphatic substituents on intramolecular charge transfer.
Zajícová, Ivana ; Zimčík, Petr (advisor) ; Nováková, Veronika (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRALOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND DRUG CONTROL Name: Ivana Zajícová Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. Petr Zimčík Ph.D Azaphthalocyanines substituted with one aminogroup-influence of aliphatic substituents on intramolecular charge transfer. At the beginning of my thesis I was working on synthesis of 1,2,6,7,11,12,16,17- octakis-[(4-dimethylamino)benzylidenamino] porphyrazine from N,N-bis[(4- dimethylamino)benzylidenamino]fumaronitrile and N,N-bis[(4-dimethylamino) benzylidenamino]maleonitrile. Cyclotetramerization was performed with magnesium butoxide, zinc acetate in quinoline or in N, N-dimethylformamide. Unfortunately, no product was obtained. As an alternative aim, I started to deal with synthesis of unsymmetrical azaphthalocyanines substituted with one amino group. The amino group is a donor in intramolecular charge transfer. This process competes with fluorescence and singlet oxygen formation and may lead to compounds useful as dark quenchers of fluorescence in hybridization probes. I prepared a precursors, substituted pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitriles, containing primary amino group, diethylamino- or butylamino- group. Prepared precursors were cyclotetramerized by method of statistical condensation. Cyclotetramerization was carried out in...
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Organizational culture in healthcare organization: a case study
Nováková, Veronika ; Mudd, Dana (advisor) ; Trunda, Jiří (referee)
The topic of the thesis is "Organizational culture in healthcare organization: a case study". In the theoretical part of the thesis basic definitions, terms and aspects associated with organizational culture are introduced. Further the thesis deals with diagnostic issues of organizational culture and presents specific factors related to the organizational culture in medical facilities. The empirical part deals with diagnose of organizational culture in the Czech hospital, using modified instrument for measuring organizational OCAI, based on the Competing Values Framework developed by R. E. Quinn and J. Rohrbaugh.
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Organizational culture and its impact on organizational efficiency
Nováková, Veronika ; Trunda, Jiří (referee) ; Mudd, Dana (advisor)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is "Organizational culture and its impact on organizational efficiency". In the theoretical part of the thesis basic definitions, terms and aspects associated with organizational culture are introduced. Further the thesis deals with relationships between organizational culture and organizational membersand presents specific factors related to the organizational culture in medical facilities .. Thethesis also focuses on diagnostic issues of organizational culture. Findings prezented in the theoretical part are used as basis in the empirical part. The empirical part deals with the relationship between organizational values in a hospital and tendency of employee turnover (nurses). Key
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