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Communication Possibilities of Children with Infantile Cerebral Palsy
Zikmundová, Klára ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hudáková, Andrea (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to attempt to summarize what communication possibilities children suffering from a serious form of infantile cerebral palsy have, to describe them and possibly to clarify what exactly restricts these possibilities. The thesis also tries to answer the question in what way the communication of these individuals differs from the communication of intact persons. The core of the thesis resides in a theoretical exposition which deals - among others - with the communication process and its verbal and non-verbal parts, the diagnostic characterization of the infantile cerebral palsy and the impaired communication ability in symptomatic speech disorders which are associated with this disability. It describes how especially mobility impairment and mental retardation are reflected in the way and possibilities of communication. Special attention is paid to methods of alternative and augmentative communication which can be used as a therapy in the stimulation of the development of communication and speech skills, and which very often represent one of few possible ways of communicating for persons with this disability. The theoretical part is accompanied by video recordings showing communication of four girls suffering from infantile cerebral palsy. As manifestations of this diagnosis...
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Inferences in text understanding
Honková, Tereza ; Nebeská, Iva (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis deals with inferences and their function in text understanding. The theoretical part involve a survey of various definitions of inference, a setting of notions which are related to inferences and at last classification of inferences based on linguistic and psychological literature. The empirical part is based on analysis of cook recipes (and technical instruction partially). We have set five means of language which indicate a necessity of making inference (pronouns, ellipsis, hyponyms-hypernyms relation, pronoun vše and adjectivizated participles) - in all cases these inferences are necessary for comprehension. We confronted these inferences with classification described in the theoretical part. Another inferences we make as the text is read are infereces which are not associated with a concrete means of language: bridging inferences and instrumental inferences. Knowledge of the language, general knowledges and experiences take part in inferencing.
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Tense in Czech written texts of the Czech deaf
Richterová, Klára ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
The thesis deals with the ways tense is expressed in written Czech texts of the Czech deaf. It draws on several foreign studies and, more specifically, the findings of Racková (1996) and Macurová (2003), trying to provide additions and new interpretations resulting from an analysis of both new and old data. The description and analysis of the written texts is primarily focused on possible interference from the Czech sign language with its characteristic lexical signals of tense and its use of time frames. The thesis has two major parts, the first of which is more theoretical, with its focal point on concepts of time and tense, and ways of expressing time both in spoken and sign languages. The second part, representing the core of the thesis, is devoted to an analysis of the text written by the Czech deaf. The findings based on the data have been verified by an additional probe, in which deaf respondents provided translations of several sentences from the Czech sign language into written Czech.
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Tense in Czech written texts of the Czech deaf
Richterová, Klára ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee) ; Macurová, Alena (advisor)
The thesis deals with the ways tense is expressed in written Czech texts of the Czech deaf. It draws on several foreign studies and, more specifically, the findings of Racková (1996) and Macurová (2003), trying to provide additions and new interpretations resulting from an analysis of both new and old data. The description and analysis of the written texts is primarily focused on possible interference from the Czech sign language with its characteristic lexical signals of tense and its use of time frames. The thesis has two major parts, the first of which is more theoretical, with its focal point on concepts of time and tense, and ways of expressing time both in spoken and sign languages. The second part, representing the core of the thesis, is devoted to an analysis of the text written by the Czech deaf. The findings based on the data have been verified by an additional probe, in which deaf respondents provided translations of several sentences from the Czech sign language into written Czech.
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International prefixoids with quantitatively-intensifying meaning in current Czech language
Podruhová, Eva ; Lehečková, Eva (referee) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor)
The words composed using quantitatively-intensifying prefixoids are appearing more and more often in current Czech vocabulary. The prefixoids have come into Czech language with foreign words whose parts they used to be. These language elements are mostly international, most of them come from Latin, Greek, French and more and more often from English. In our thesis, we analyze these components: super- (supra-), maxi-, extra-, ultra-, hyper-, mega- (megalo-) giga- (giganto-), makro-, monstr-, turbo-, top-, big-¸ mini-, mikroand nano-. The words composed of these prefixoids can be divided into two main groups: 1) the sphere of professional language, where they function as scientific terms, professional words or as slang words; 2) the large sphere of occasional words which are especially used in the journalistic style and in common communication (mostly in expressive contexts). Most of these components are polysemic in the current language. Namely we focus on the quantitatively-intesifying prefixoids which often compete with each other. We closely look at meanings like: "big, the biggest, oversized, extraordinary, significant"; "very, extra, extremely, rarely"; "little, the least, unnecessary" etc. All explanations are supplied with representative examples which cover the latest layer of Czech neologic lexicum...
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The influence of syntactic structure (conjunctions) on spoken language (utterance section, intonation, pauses). Auditory analyses
Jelínková, Ivana ; Palková, Zdena (referee) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor)
The presented thesis "The Influence of Syntactic Structure (Conjunctions) on Spoken Language (Tone Unit, Intonation, Pauses) - Auditory Analyses" explores the relations between conjunctions A (AND), ŽE (THAT), ABY (IN ORDER THAT), PROTOŽE (BECAUSE), ALE (BUT) in an exactly given syntactic structure and a system descritption of phonetic form of language - the tone unite, the intonation, and the pause. This research is based on the comparison of the public read and the public notread, but prepared utterances. At first we segment the chosen examples into the stress units; then we try to confirm the hypothesis that a conjuction begins a new tone unit; within the intonation, we monitor what is typical for the melodic line in the stress unit before the conjunction; the last part of our research is dedicated to pause and to their positions near the stress unit containing the conjunction. The research is based on the auditory analyses, therefore it does not use the instrumental analyses.
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Communication of Bilingual Children of Younger School Age Living in North Rhine-Westphalia
Boháčová, Gabriela ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
The thesis deals with communication of bilingual Czech-German families in North Rhine- Westphalia. We focused mainly on the language of primary school children. The work contains two sections - a theoretical and a practical section. In the first, theoretical part of the work we tried to describe (on the based on literature) the issue of bilingualism, bilingual education and language acquisition. We also discussed the development, more specifically of primary-aged children. Attention in this section is also drawn to the region of North Rhine- Westphalia, where our research was realized. The practical part of the thesis focusses on the qualitative research of communication in multilingual families. We tried to create language biographies of individual families, based on interviews with Czech-speaking parents. Using a questionnaire, we investigated the attitudes of German-speaking parents to bilingual education. We also recorded the linguistic performances of children, which were then analyzed. Our goal was to create the most complete overview of the researched families. Key words language acquisition, bilingualism, younger school age, linguistic biography
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Nonverbal Communication in TV Broadcasting for Children and Young People
Bayerová, Petra ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The bachelor's paper focuses on the chosen tools of non-verbal communication in Czech television programmes meant for children of different age. The paper's goal is to analyse the chosen non-verbal tools, to assess their form and function and to try to capture the differences between programmes meant for audiences of different age. Programmes Kouzelná školka and Planeta Yó made in production for the Czech TV and a programme Alliho parťáci by FTV Prima have been chosen for the purposes of this paper. Selected examples from the programmes were transcribed in accordance with the rules of the corpus DIALOG and transcripts of gestures were further added. The analysis is focused mainly on mimic and gesture expressions. The analysis results have shown that mimic and gesture expression adapt to the age of the child viewer.
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Personal web pages of young people
Velíšková, Alena ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee) ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor)
Osobní webová stránka je jedním z nových typů textu, zrozených v prostředí počítačové komunikace. Od ostatních typů počítačově zprostředkovaných komunikátů (e-mailu, chatu, blogu) se odlišuje vyšší stálostí, trvalostí, nižší mírou adresnosti vzhledem ke konkrétnímu recipientovi a z ní vyplývajícím nižším potenciálem rozvinutí dialogu. Přestože jsou osobní webové stránky mladých lidí psaným typem komunikátu, pronikají do nich značné prvky z mluvené podoby jazyka. Textům stránek můžeme přisoudit poměrně velkou míru plánovitosti a uspořádanosti, typických pro psané texty. Podobně jako mluvené texty obecně, texty stránek zpracovávají jednodušší, osobnější tematiku, za pomoci jednodušších syntaktických struktur. V textech je patrné vysoké osobní zaujetí mluvčího, projevující se silnou emocionalitou a expresivitou. Existují ovšem další protikladné rysy psaných a mluvených textů, ve kterých texty osobních stránek oscilují mezi oběma póly, a tím i mezi póly psanost-mluvenost. Jedná se o pozici mezi póly veřejnost - soukromost (stránky jsou veřejně přístupné, zároveň však recepce neprobíhá hromadně, předpokládá se jisté "intimní" pouto mezi autorem a recipientem), stálost pomíjivost (oproti ostatním typům počítačem zprostředkovaným komunikátů má text osobní stránky trvalejší platnost, zároveň ale dochází k...
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Declension in textbooks of Czech for foreigners - intended for methodology of instruction of Czech as second language
Zajíčková, Hana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Šebesta, Karel (referee)
The thesi s intends to contribute to the methodology of teaching of Czech as a foreign language, name1y to focus on the way dec1ension is presented in textbooks of Czech for Foreigners. The first chapter of the paper outlines the main aspects of -- - ---- Didactics of second language acquisition, particularly main methodical" theories, curriculum, its goals and implementation in the courses, psychological basis of second language teaching and learning and, finally, the linguistic sources. The second chapter examines the current situation of Czech for foreigners, its needs and demands. The main emphasis is put on the textbooks analysis ~specially methods of dec1ension presentation. For the analysis I use 6 examples of textbooks which are either the most commonly used in the Czech Republic and Germany, or bring a specific approach to the dec1ension subject. The core of the paper is based on comparison of the horizontal and vertical structuring of dec1ension presentation in the examined textbooks and my suggestion of a possible altemative to both of the mentioned concepts. By using the advantages of both of them I try to create a compromise between them to make dec1ension teaching and learning more effective and attractive for both teachers and leamers. Moreover, I be1ieve that every attempt for a new...
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