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Deaths in the presence of opiates in Prague in 2005-2010
Zvingerová, Nina ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zábranský, Tomáš (referee)
GOALS: The thesis is theoretically - experimentally oriented. In the theoretical part it studies opioids as substances, representatives of particular opioids including their pharmacological impact, risks of their use, a mechanism of deaths of their users, dividing of drug-related deaths and their reasons, associated risk factors. It deals also with a procedure of an investigation of these drug-related deaths and with a data collection. The main goal of the practical part of this thesis is an analysis of the data and describing of the structure and circumstances of opiate-related deaths which had been occurring in the Prague city between the years 2005-2011. FILE: The researched file consists of data from 55 autopsy reports of drug users who died in relation with using of opiates which collected at three Prague institutes of forensic medicine. The main criterion for nomination to the researched file was a presence of opioids in bodies of deceased. METHODS: Obtained data were analyzed by using of a descriptive statistics. A frequency and characteristics of variables were stipulated and results were described and evaluated graphically in charts and graphs. Toxicological results were put through qualitative and quantitative analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A description of the socio-demographic...
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Consumption of analgetics and their abuse in the Czech Republic
Ivanovová, Lucie ; Běláčková, Vendula (advisor) ; Zábranský, Tomáš (referee)
The work is primarily concerned with acting analgesic drugs, which is of considerable interest to measure the amount of analgesics consumed in the Czech Republic from 2005 to 2009, according to documents published by the State Office for Drug Control. This is a theoretical work, and although it contains elements of active data acquisition, so it is rather an analysis of the background, and therefore the practical part of this work is still presented as theoretical. Given the considerable breadth of the subject and the sample size of this group of drugs is a partial step of targeting simplicity of an inventory of the consumption of medicinal substances in the orientation of the ATC M01, M02 and N02, and also to express the route of administration according to the organism in the consumption of packaging distributed in the Czech Republic in that period of time. On the basis of this report is simultaneously pursued goals of this work - the abuse of drugs with the most concrete outcomes as possible, ideally the volume of abused analgesics. It went from a hypothesis that the volume of abused painkillers can not be precisely quantified. The main objective is therefore to develop a framework of proposals which would need to calculate the number of abused painkillers. The first indicator is the number of diagnosed...
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Snižování rizik u transakcí na trhu s marihuanou v České republice a v USA - instituce přátelství
Běláčková, Vendula ; Ježek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zábranský, Tomáš (referee) ; Dušek, Libor (referee)
BACKGROUND: Economists depict illicit markets as violent, due to the lack of centralized property rights enforcement. At the same time, the importance of friendship networks and drug sharing is a recently documented feature of the marijuana market. Recent studies show an increased role of acquiring marijuana through friends, especially in settings where drug policy is rather punitive. This thesis extends this research into the norms that marijuana users attribute to their definition friendship. To do this, the thesis conceptualizes friendship as a type of institution that reduces the transaction costs on the market, and like that, it limits the decision making of marijuana market players. DATA: Marijuana market patterns in the Czech Republic and North-Central Florida were analyzed via both qualitative and quantitative research methods. For the purpose of the qualitative study, 44 (resp 66) study participants were marijuana users and retailers recruited at North-Central Florida (resp in the Czech Republic), with the use of respondent-driven sampling. Inclusion criteria into the study was the use of marijuana in the last 12 months. Semi-structured interviews, that took 80 minutes on average, followed an interview guide focused on marijuana use, sharing, purchases, sales and growing, with extensive probes on activities of respondents` "friends", as they defined them. As for the quantitative data, marijuana market modules from two representative general population surveys on substance use were used (CS 2008, NSDUH). METHODS: Qualitative data were analysed with the use of inductive analysis, and were framed into institutional economics theory. Quantitative data were analyzed with the use ordinary logit models. FINDINGS: The study has shown remarkable impact of drug policies on cannabis markets via comparison between the Czech Republic and the U. S. (North-Central Florida). The study findings suggest that users' definitions of friendship include expectations for behavior that sustain the distribution chain within the marijuana markets. Respondents provided definitions of friendship that contained norms on marijuana sharing and reciprocation, purchases for friends, and introduction to the dealer - for whom the term "friend" has been used as a synonym in most cases. In quantitative analysis, acquistion through a friend made significant reduction of price at last purchase in the U. S., approaving the hypothesis that friendship can be an effective institution to reduce transaction costs on the market. In the Czech Republic, such analysis was inconclusive. This demonstrates that the importance of friendship might be higher in countries where drug prohibition is more severe. CONCLUSIONS: Punitive drug policy provides incentives to shrinking the market into social networks, and like that, it imposes harms on users in terms of decreasing control over their substance use can criminal risks (larger amounts purchased, and the risk of detection to regular citizens, who serve as middlemen on the market without an intention to make profit). For more precise estimates, further surveys shall distinguish between different modalities of friendship, and between different product types.
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Corporate social responsibility and its role in commercial communications
Pilná, Lucie ; Mikeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Zábranský, Tomáš (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of Corporate Social Responsibility. It is illustrated on the concrete example of company Vodafone Czech Republic a.s. The thesis begins with the presents the concept, its forms and advantages. Following chapters include the situation in the Czech Republic and in other world countries, including the European Union. At the end there is a chapter about the future trends in the corporate responsibility.
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