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"Jewish craft" Ethnic and religious specifics of potash making in Bohemia in the 18th century
Woitsch, Jiří
The article deals with specific characteristics of early-modern potash industry in Bohemia. Potash making was typical by an absolute dominance of Jews among tenants of potasheries, potash making workers as well as among potash dealers. Reasons were those of contemporary governmental and legal conditions and economic interests of nobles. Also high motivation of Jews towards potash making business should be taken in consideration. Thus potash making was even in the 18th century called "Jewish craft" and belonged to the most important Jewish trades in Bohemia
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Case „Oboroh“ (hay-loft / barn): Limits of use of ethnographical analogies
Woitsch, Jiří
Oboroh is a simple cover, which is made up of supporting structure of four posts and an adjustable roof. It is considered as being the most archaic type of barn. This function has been ascribed to the construction by the archaeologists, ethnographers etc. according to the very rare iconography of mediaeval origin (e.g. The Velislav Bible from the 1st half of the 14th century) and – above all – with references to alleged ethnographical analogies from the recent centuries. The paper argues against this way of depicting of oboroh. On the base of written and pictorial sources from the whole Europe as well as according the contemporary field researches in the Carpathians is has been shown that there is no ethnographical analogy from the early modern period which could support the theory of using oboroh as a barn. The only existing evidence shows oboroh as a common type of hay-loft. The discrepancy between mediaeval sources and modern analogies is analysed and interpreted in the article at large
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Man and Forest in the history. Ambitious Theory versus Reality
Woitsch, Jiří
In the article prevailing historiographic conception of human perception of forest in Mediaeval and Early-modern times is criticized. This conception is based on structuralist theory of hierarchy of lived space, where forest is considered to be dangerous and feared area. Referring to many written, pictorial and other sources and using the concepts of Scandinavian ethnology and archaeology the author shows that forests in the Central Europe could and should be perceived in a very different way. Thanks the permanent overexploitation it could be even very positively evaluated space
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Socio-environmental characteristics of Králicko microregion
Vaishar, Antonín ; Cetkovský, Stanislav ; Martinát, Stanislav ; Nosková, Helena ; Tošovská, Eva ; Vajdová, Zdenka ; Woitsch, Jiří ; Zapletalová, Jana
The article is focused on relatively complex regional analyses of Králíky microregion. The analyses are focused on natural condition, location, historic evolution and on the present regional and environmental pocitics affecting the regional development. The results of public enquiry focused on perception of microregion are presented, too.
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