|
|
Comparison of dietary habits among heated tobacco users and conventional smokers
Strojná, Natália ; Pánková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis was a comparison of the eating habits of users of heated tobacco compared to smokers of conventional cigarettes. The main aim of the bachelor thesis was to compare whether there are significant changes in the eating habits of heated tobacco users compared to conventional cigarette smokers using responses from an eating habits questionnaire. The study compared the eating habits of 18 respondents who were divided into a heated tobacco user group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 41 ± 5.66 and a conventional cigarette smoker group (8 respondents) with a mean age of 55 ± 15.09. The parameters under statistical investigation were protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, dairy products and fruit intake along with vegetables. Student's two-sample unpaired t-test for mean was used for statistical comparison of the groups. Before performing the t-test, the F-test was used in which each parameter was subjected to analysis for the so-called equality of variance. The resulting means of the observed traits between the sets were as follows: protein p = 0.585859, fat p = 0.536003, carbohydrate p = 0.689622, fiber p = 0.94961, dairy p = 0.475181, fruit and vegetables p = 0.544135. All observed traits were not statistically significant, given that we considered the significance level to...
|
|
|
Eating habits of quitting smokers with increasing weight: analysis and sample diets (selected case studies)
Klásková, Nikola ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on analysing the dietary habits of former smokers who have gained weight and subsequently creating sample meal plans based on selected case studies. The theoretical part summarizes current knowledge on smoking-related issues, such as smoking epidemiology, tobacco addiction, and the impact of smoking on health. It examines the influence of smoking on dietary habits, including its effects on micronutrients. The thesis discusses smoking cessation options and its effects on the gastrointestinal tract and body weight, presenting strategies for maintaining body weight after quitting smoking. In the practical part, the meal plans and overall lifestyle of four former smokers are evaluated. The aim of the thesis is to understand the relationship between changes in eating habits and weight gain in former smokers and to offer practical recommendations for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Keywords Smoking, nutrition, eating habits, nicotine addiction, weight gain, smoking cessation.
|
|
|
Xenobiotics in Food and their Effects on the Human Health
Šeflová, Iva ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Derflerová Brázdová, Zuzana (referee) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
(Xenobiotics in food end their effects on the human organism) One of the exposure pathways to xenobiotics in humans is food intake. Most of xenobiotics are lipophilic substances cumulating in the organism, especially in the adipose tissue. If their intake is long-term and excessive, they have negative impact on human health. Eating habits, identification, analysis, and management of risks stemming from foods are important from a prevention perspective. The adipose tissue influences the distribution and especially accumulation of xenobiotics in the organism. Whether substances stored in the adipose tissue are able to affect adipogenesis and physiological functions, remains unclear. Since obesity-related dysfunctional and inflamed adipose tissue is associated with systemic inflammation, ectopic fat deposition, and multiorgan dysfunction, resulting in cardiometabolic complications of obesity; this knowledge would be immensely valuable. The study focused on the basic pathophysiological mechanisms at the level of adipocytes, specifically, the study of risk and protective factors. From preventive factors, the effect of phytoprotective substances with antioxidative potential was studied. Among the risk factors, we concentrated on the impact of persistent organic pollutants (POP's). We observed exposure to...
|
|
|
Mapping the bioresonance method used in smoking cessation in Czech Republic
Liberdová, Kateřina ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
Background Smoking is a leading cause of illnesses and deaths worldwide. Most smokers want to quit, but cessation can be a rather challenging task. In Czechia, approximately two million people smoke. Among the possibilities of medical treatment, there are also alternative methods that lack an adequate number of studies in the professional sphere which would somehow prove their effectiveness and give them credibility. Objectives The main goal of this bachelor's thesis is to map the usage of one of these alternative treatment methods, bioresonance, in Czechia and to examine its substance. Methods The mysteryshopping method was used for the research, which involved phone calls made under fixed conditions. The file used for research was chosen using the full sample method. Results There are 88 facilities in Czechia which offer the bioresonance treatment method to cure nicotine dependency. They are located throughout all of the country's regions. Most of the providers offer no form of counseling during the therapy's duration. During the mysteryshopping, only one of the examined providers provided a brief professional intervention regarding the cessation of smoking. None of them was able to scientifically prove their claims about the method's effectiveness. The most common reply to a question about the...
|
|
|
Health impact perceptions of alternative nicotine delivery systems among their users in the Czech Republic
Čukanová, Tereza ; Pánková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
Background: In the Czech Republic, there is over 2 million tobacco addicted people. However, it is difficult to get rid of this addiction unassisted, so some people switch to products with lower health risks. This bachelor's thesis deals with alternative nicotine products, especially heated tobacco and electronic cigarettes, and their impact on human health. Aims: The main aim of this study was to find out how users of nicotine products perceive the health effects on their body and whether they perceive a difference between conventional cigarettes, heated tobacco and electronic cigarettes. Furthermore, to map the use of alternative nicotine delivery products. Methods: Data were obtained in the form of quantitative research using a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was developed on the basis of Google Forms. Subsequently, the data were transferred to MS Excel 365 and analyzed by means of methods of descriptive and analytical statistics. Results: 144 respondents took part in the survey a total of 180 respondents were approached, 36 respondents did not meet the required criteria. Of the 144 respondents, 67 were women (aged 18-75) and 77 were men (aged 18-75). The survey results show that respondents' attitudes and opinions about alternative products are ambivalent, but they perceive conventional...
|
|
|
Promoting smoking cessation in pharmacies
Havlůjová, Anna ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pánková, Alexandra (referee)
Background In recent years, tobacco use in the Czech Republic has slightly declined, however, approximately a quarter of the population aged 15 and over are smokers. Pharmacists are one of the most easily accessible healthcare professionals and can, therefore, play a key role in the process of smoking cessation. Objectives Primary objective of this work was mapping the smoking cessation support available in Czech pharmacies. Secondary aims included assessing the interest of pharmacists to perform smoking cessation interventions and the importance of different factors hindering them from doing so. Other objectives were mapping different types of smoking cessation support provided in pharmacies and opportunity to refer them to other healthcare professionals. Methods A quantitative survey study was used. Questionnaire were compiled in online platform Survio. Data were collected in March 2022. The questionnaire was distributed via email using the list of registered pharmacies on SÚKL website. In total, 2681 facilities were approached, of which 132 responded. One questionnaire was invalid, therefore, final selection was comprised of 131 pharmacies, the response rate was 4.92 %. Acquired data were processed and analysed in MS Excel software. Results From all respondents, 80.2 % provide or are interested...
|
|
|
Treatment of tobacco dependence - Hospital Pribram physicians'information about treatment and intervention possibilities
Přibylová, Eva ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Štěpánková, Lenka (referee)
This work deals with possibilities of tobacco addiction treatment and ways of intervention which was subject of research in local hospital in Příbram. The main objective of this work is to map attitude of doctors in hospital of Příbram to tobacco addiction and also if they know all the possibilities of tobacco addiction treatment and which ways of intervention they are using for their patients. These issues were examined by quantitative research, questionnaire study form Theoretical part of this work deals mainly with tobacco addiction, diagnosis, neurobiology and treatment of tobacco addiction. It's a summary of this issues and information are coming from professional literature of this kind. In practical part is evaluated questionnaire with the help of bar graph and pie chart graph. Keywords: TOBACCO SMOKE, NICOTINE, TOBACCO ADDICTION, INTERVENTION, TOBACCO ADDICTION TREATMENT POSSIBILITIES
|
|
|
Food composition in tobacco dependent patients
Kudláčková, Eliška ; Pánková, Alexandra (advisor) ; Králíková, Eva (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with eating habits of ex-smokers. I observe and analyze their eating habits and changes by qualitative methods. The theoretical part discusses tobacco, nicotine effects on the organism and on eating habits and weight. I describe health consequences of unhealthy eating habits combined with smoking. The text discusses general nutrition recommendations and recommendations specifically for smokers. A separate chapter is dedicated to addiction, its nature, genesis, forms, and manifestations, and in more detail to nicotine addiction. The practical part describes the respondents' dietary regimens and results of the comparison of eating habits while smoking and while being abstinent.
|
|
|
Tobacco Dependence Treatment and Depressive Disorder. Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Depression History
Štěpánková, Lenka ; Králíková, Eva (advisor) ; Šteflová, Alena (referee) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Success rate of tobacco dependence treatment among patients with and without a history of depression Introduction: Higher prevalence of smoking among depressive patients, as well as higher risk of depression in smokers, are well documented. Views on treatment of tobacco dependence in this subgroup of smokers are controversial. Aim: A/ To compare the abstinence rate among smokers with or without a history of depression receiving treatment for nicotine dependence at one year follow up. B/ Factors associated with treatment success were evaluated and analysed. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 1 730 smokers treated at our Centre for Tobacco-Dependent (CTD) between 2005 and 2010 was conducted. Patients were treated with a combination of psychobehavioural interventions and pharmacotherapy (nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, bupropion or combinations). At one year follow-up smoking abstinence was biochemically validated by measuring expired CO. Results: 16.7 % (289/1730) of smokers currently, or had formerly, received treatment for depression. Based on the average Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND), most patients with a history of depression were heavily nicotine dependent with a score of 6.1, compared to 5.6 (p=0.010) among those without a history of depression. The CO validated success rate...
|
|
| |
guest ::
