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Impact of Human Resource Deployment on Electricity Consumption at Temporary Site Facilities
Antošová, Naďa ; Krištofič, Štefan ; Makýš, Peter
This research paper focuses on a systematic analysis of the impact of human resources and temporary facilities on electricity consumption at construction sites. The study was carried out through the installation of metering equipment at three construction sites, with each site operation being separately metered. The primary focus was on the energy consumption of the construction offices for site personnel. The results show the relationships between human resources, containers and the overall energy performance of site operations. The paper presents data that identifies areas where measures can be implemented to increase energy use efficiency while optimising working conditions for construction personnel. The results of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the factors influencing energy consumption on construction sites and provide a basis for designing sustainable measures.
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Determining the Sphericity of Sand Grains by AI Computer Vision Research
Misiołek, Katarzyna ; Dąbska, Agnieszka ; Mazurek, Artur
The paper presents an approachable, free, open source and effective way of using AI models in geotechnics. The research consisted of two stages. First, granulometric tests were performed according to EN ISO 14688–1: 2018. Second, sand grains were identified and measured in gathered microscopic images (from a light microscope and an SEM). Segmentation, which allows the identification of image pixels belonging to an object, is a well-known but problematic area of image processing, and the use of AI techniques is one of the possible approaches to dealing with the issues involved with segmentation. The estimation of grain sphericity is used as an example to present how geotechnics specialists can customize AI and other software for their benefit with only basic knowledge of the Python programming language.
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Aging of Bituminous Binders
Veselý, Petr
Bituminous binder in asphalt mixture is exposed to the influence of aging, which is intensified during mixing and paving, as high temperature strongly accelerates the aging of bituminous binders. The aging of the binder is generally divided into short-term and long-term aging. The work focuses on comparing the properties of bitumen binders that differ in penetration value and aging level. All binders in the study are divided into these aging categories, and their properties are compared with the properties of unaged binders. The comparison of properties is carried out using basic empirical tests (penetration and softening point) as well as rheological tests (complex shear modulus and phase angle).
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Current Problems in 2D Numerical Modelling of Water Flow in the River Channels
Grmelová, Eliška ; Skokan, Jiří ; Juriga, Jan ; Chrástová, Veronika ; Pospíšilík, Šimon
Currently, the use of two-dimensional numerical models in modelling water flow in river channels and floodplains is quite common. The quality of hydraulic calculation results is influenced by the number of input parameters. However, crucial in this context is primarily the availability of calibration data. Commonly used data from historical flood records are often burdened with significant uncertainties and, in many cases, are completely lacking. One option to ensure suitable calibration data is to measure flow rates and velocity fields in selected calibration profiles, e.g., using the ADCP method (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler). The presented article showcases the authors' experiences with the calibration of a 2D numerical model applied to a real location, specifically using the mentioned method. The focus of the calibration lies mainly in the values of Manning’s roughness coefficients and parameters of turbulent models. The conclusion of the article includes a discussion of the results and recommendations for further research directions in the field, which appear promising for practical applications.
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Experimental Verification of Printed Concrete Shell Structures
Tomečka, Petr ; Stráský, Jiří
The article presents the printing technology and material used in the research. Focusing specifically on shell structures. The following section details, the application concept for bridge piers and the derived specimens for experimental verification. The testing procedure and a description of the measuring equipment is presented. Finally, an introduction to computational analyses is provided.
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Numerical Analysis of Crawl Spaces Airflow
Pobucká, Slávka ; Kučírek, Pavel ; Šuhajda, Karel ; Vorlíčková, Petra ; Žajdlík, Tomáš
Unlike Central Europe (specifically the Czech Republic), where crawl spaces are not very common, their use is traditional in Nordic countries. However, due to the microclimate within crawl spaces, summertime can be problematic. The relative humidity within a crawl space can reach values of up to 95% [1]. Various factors, including airflow, influence the microclimate of crawl spaces.
This paper focuses on simulating airflow and air age in a naturally ventilated soil space in the Czech Republic using OpenFOAM software. The study involves monitoring internal airflow, surface temperature of the crawl space floor and ceiling structure, as well as air humidity and temperature.
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Concrete with Bio-Based Aggregates
Vrzáň, Jakub
This article focuses primarily on concrete made from plant-based aggregates (rapeseed and hemp straw) coupled with a binder (lime-based and water glass). These materials may represent a way to ensure the sustainable production of building structures with high insulation properties. It is necessary to have thorough knowledge of the behaviour of such materials in order to improve their applicability in diverse construction projects around the world. The main finding of this paper is that a composite material composed of locally available secondary agricultural raw material and lime binder exhibits excellent thermal properties.
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Creating an Information Extension for the 3D Model of Tombstone – Finding the Most Effective Way
Adamcová, Alice
This article deals with creating a 3D model of a stone tombstone created with the terrestrial photogrammetry method and creating an information extension of this 3D model. Information extension is understood a 3D model classification considering different criteria, followed by classified 3D model visualisation. The paper mainly deals with testing the usefulness of different types of programs that can be used to create the information extension and based on this testing defines the most effective way of work.
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Experimental Verification and Performance Evaluation of an Innovative Facade During the Summer Period
Danková, Alžbeta ; Kaniková, Kristína ; Szabó, Daniel ; Bielek, Boris
This paper presents the results of experimental measurements carried out at a Twin Rooms facility under real climatic conditions during the summer period. Based on previous research, two facade prototypes were created. We investigated a simple facade and an innovative double skin facade, which uses solar energy in several stages by transforming short-wave solar radiation into long-wave heat in the cavity of the double transparent facade and using the photovoltaic transformation of short-wave solar radiation into electrical energy. The aim of the measurements is to verify the functionality of the aerodynamics of the narrow cavity, evaluate energy flows through the facade, and assess the efficiency of systems related to solar radiation. The results correlate well with assumptions.
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Optimizing Electricity Consumption on Construction Site Using a Monitoring System
Krištofič, Štefan ; Antošová, Naďa
This research focuses on the optimization of electricity consumption on a construction site through the implementation of a monitoring system. The construction industry is known for its high energy demands and therefore, efficient electricity management is a key element for the economic sustainability of projects and the reduction of environmental impact. In this research, a monitoring system is deployed to collect real electrical energy data at the construction site. This data is then analysed to identify consumption patterns and develop algorithms for the optimal management of electrical loads. As a result of this work, electricity costs will be reduced and the negative impact on the environment will be reduced.
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