Teplo a práce v mesoskopických systémech

Pajger, Šimon

Title: Work and heat at the mesoscale Author: Bc. Šimon Pajger Department: Department of Macromolecular Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Artem Ryabov, Ph.D., KMF MFF UK Abstract: Understanding the conversion between heat and work by heat engines led to the discoveries of entropy and to the formulation of the Second law of clas- sical macroscopic thermodynamics. At the microscale and mesoscale, quantum coherences are a potential resource for various quantum processes. Quantum coherences can be used to enhance the performance of various devices beyond the limits demanded by classical physics. Recently many models have been es- tablished clarifying how coherences affect the speed and irreversibility of ther- modynamic processes and raising the question of what experimentally relevant consequences various generalizations of the formalism of classical thermodynam- ics to the microscopic level may have. Here we study a few of these models in great detail. Specifically, we discuss fluctuations of coherence-enhanced heat currents, propose a model of a heat engine that does work while being in a steady state, and derive a condition on the rate of decoherence that specifies, when coherence-enhanced currents provide a significant advantage over the case without any coherence. Then we discuss coherence-inducing heat bath...

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