Role kanabinoidního systému v neurodegenerativních procesech

Akantisová, Lucia

The endocannabinoid system (ECD) is involved in a significant number of physiological functions in the central and peripheral nervous system. The ECD consists of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2), endogenous ligands (ANA, 2-AG) and the enzymatic apparatus required for their synthesis (NAPE and DAGL) and degradation (FAAH, MAG). In the human brain, the cannabinoid receptor CB1 is the most widespread of the group of receptors that bind to G proteins. The signaling mechanisms of these proteins contribute to the overall homeostasis of the organism. With their activity, they affect the concentrations of second messengers, the activity of ion channels, the release of neurotransmitters, and regulate immune responses. In this context, studies in the last 20 years have focused on research in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. Today, i tis known that treatment with cannabinoid compounds improves neurological deficits associated with neuronal damage and alleviates inflammatory processes in animal models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. At the clinical level, treatment with cannabinoids has helped with certain accompanying symptoms occuring in neurodegenerative diseases such as neuropathic pain, insomnia and spasticity. Key words: endocannabinoid system, cannabinoids,...

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