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Original title:
100 years of the Friedmann equation
Authors: Křížek, Michal
Document type: Papers
Conference/Event: Cosmology on Small Scales 2022, Prague (CZ), 20220921
Year: 2022
Language: eng
Abstract: In 1922, Alexander Friedmann applied Einstein’s equations to a three-dimensional sphere to describe the evolution of our universe. In this way he obtained a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (called after him) for the expansion function representing the radius of that sphere. At present, the standard cosmological ΛCDM model of the universe is based just on the Friedmann equation. It needs a significant amount of dark matter, about six times that of the usual baryonic matter, besides an even larger amount of dark energy to be consistent with the real universe. But to date, both dark matter and dark energy have remained without concrete evidence based on direct physical measurements. We present several arguments showing that such a claimed amount of dark matter and dark energy can only be the result of vast overestimation, incorrect extrapolations, and that it does not correspond to the real universe. The spatial part of our universe seems to be locally flat and thus it can be locally modeled by the Euclidean space. However, Friedmann did not consider the flat space with zero curvature. Therefore, in the second part of this paper we will derive a general form of the corresponding metric tensor satisfying Einstein’s equations with zero right-hand side.
Keywords: dark matter; Einstein's equations; incorrect extrapolations; modeling error
Host item entry: Proceedings of the International Conference Cosmology on Small Scales 2022 : Dark Energy and the Local Hubble Expansion Problem, ISBN 978-80-85823-72-1
Institution: Institute of Mathematics AS ČR (web)
Document availability information: Fulltext is available at external website.
External URL: https://css2022.math.cas.cz/proceedingsCSS2022.pdf
Original record: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0332789
Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-508673
The record appears in these collections:
Research > Institutes ASCR > Institute of Mathematics
Conference materials > Papers
Authors: Křížek, Michal
Document type: Papers
Conference/Event: Cosmology on Small Scales 2022, Prague (CZ), 20220921
Year: 2022
Language: eng
Abstract: In 1922, Alexander Friedmann applied Einstein’s equations to a three-dimensional sphere to describe the evolution of our universe. In this way he obtained a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (called after him) for the expansion function representing the radius of that sphere. At present, the standard cosmological ΛCDM model of the universe is based just on the Friedmann equation. It needs a significant amount of dark matter, about six times that of the usual baryonic matter, besides an even larger amount of dark energy to be consistent with the real universe. But to date, both dark matter and dark energy have remained without concrete evidence based on direct physical measurements. We present several arguments showing that such a claimed amount of dark matter and dark energy can only be the result of vast overestimation, incorrect extrapolations, and that it does not correspond to the real universe. The spatial part of our universe seems to be locally flat and thus it can be locally modeled by the Euclidean space. However, Friedmann did not consider the flat space with zero curvature. Therefore, in the second part of this paper we will derive a general form of the corresponding metric tensor satisfying Einstein’s equations with zero right-hand side.
Keywords: dark matter; Einstein's equations; incorrect extrapolations; modeling error
Host item entry: Proceedings of the International Conference Cosmology on Small Scales 2022 : Dark Energy and the Local Hubble Expansion Problem, ISBN 978-80-85823-72-1
Institution: Institute of Mathematics AS ČR (web)
Document availability information: Fulltext is available at external website.
External URL: https://css2022.math.cas.cz/proceedingsCSS2022.pdf
Original record: https://hdl.handle.net/11104/0332789
Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-508673
The record appears in these collections:
Research > Institutes ASCR > Institute of Mathematics
Conference materials > Papers
Record created 2022-09-28, last modified 2023-12-06