Genetická diverzita penátních rozsivek: taxonomické a ekologické důsledky.

Urbánková, Pavla

In past decades, molecular methods helped to discover extensive diversity hidden in mor- phologically delimited diatom species. Diatom taxonomy awaits revision and molecular meth- ods will play an important role in this pursuit. DNA-barcoding is a relatively cheap and rapid way to incorporate molecular data in the diatomological research.The crucial step, which deter- mines its efficiency, is marker selection. Therefore, we examined the performance of candidate barcode markers in the model genus Frustulia. Molecular data from the study helped to sup- port delimitation of two new species, Frustulia curvata and Frustulia paulii. Similar to previous research, the best-performing markers were part of the large ribosomal subunit and part of the RUBISCO gene. We encountered a case where these two markers disagreed. Similar gene tree discordances might compromise molecular species delimitation, which is based on single molecular loci. The use of both markers in a dual-locus barcode can mitigate the risk and draw attention to problematic cases that merit further study. However, the superior mean of spe- cies delimitation, which we used to set species limits in the complex Eunotia bilunaris-flexuosa, provides algorithms that use multiple loci and accommodate our understanding of molecular evolution. Several...

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