Original title: Ustálený stav a rozpad kvantové turbulence generované v proudění kanálem a detekované tlumením druhého zvuku
Translated title: Steady state and decay of quantum turbulence generated in channel flows and detected by second sound attenuation
Authors: Varga, Emil ; Skrbek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Vinen, William Frank (referee)
Document type: Master’s theses
Year: 2014
Language: eng
Abstract: [eng] [cze]
Steady state and decay of quantum turbulence generated in channel flows and detected by second sound attenuation Bc. Emil Varga Abstract Quantum turbulence is studied in superfluid 4 He under classical flow condi- tions. Turbulence is generated by a flow through a 7 × 7 mm square channel with a flow conditioner either with an additional grid or without it. The flow is generated mechanically by squeezing a stainless steel bellows. Vortex line den- sity is measured by attenuation of second sound in both steady state and decay for a range of temperatures 1.17 - 2.16 K. In the steady state, temperature- independent scaling of the vortex line density with flow velocity of the form L ∝ V 3/2 is observed. In the decay the expected late-time behaviour L ∝ t−3/2 is observed. Explanation for both of these observations is based on a quasi- classical model of quantum turbulence, that allows the extraction of the effective kinematic viscosity νeff, which approximately agree with the values available in the literature. Two models based on counterflow theory are also explored and the effect of inhomogeneous vortex line distribution on the measurement tech- nique is studied. Steady state and decay of quantum turbulence generated in channel flows and detected by second sound attenuation Bc. Emil Varga Abstrakt Kvantová turbulencia je študovaná v supratekutom 4 He za klasického prúdenia. Turbulencia je generovaná prúdením cez 7 × 7 mm štvorcový kanál s regu- larizáciou prúdenia na vtoku buď s dodatočnou mriežkou alebo bez nej. Prúdenie je vyvolané mechanicky, stláčaním nerezového vlnovca. Hustota vírových čiar je meraná pomocou tlmenia druhého zvuku v ustálenom stave a v rozpade tur- bulencie v rozmedzí teplôt 1.17 - 2.16 K. V ustálenom stave je pozorované teplotne nezávislé škálovanie hustoty vírových čiar s rýchlosťou prúdu v tvare L ∝ V 3/2 . V rozpade je pozorovaná, pre veľké časy, pre mriežkovú turbulenciu typická závislosť L ∝ t−3/2 . Oboje pozorovania sú vysvetlené na základe kvazi- klasického modelu kvantovej turbulencie, ktorý dovoľuje výpočet efektívnej kine- matickej viskozity supratekutého hélia νeff. Tieto zhruba súhlasia s hodnotami dostupnými v literatúre. Taktiež sú vyvinuté dva modely založené na teórií protiprúdu a je tiež študovaný vplyv nehomogenity rozloženia hustory vírových čiar na meraciu techniku.
Keywords: quantum turbulence; second sound; superfluid helium; druhý zvuk; kvantová turbulence; supratekuté hélium

Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses) (web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/65938

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-484387


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Universities and colleges > Public universities > Charles University > Charles University Faculties (theses)
Academic theses (ETDs) > Master’s theses