Original title: Teória zložitosti v dosiahnuteľnej matematike
Translated title: Complexity theory in Feasible Mathematics
Authors: Pich, Ján ; Krajíček, Jan (advisor) ; Pudlák, Pavel (referee) ; Buss, Samuel (referee)
Document type: Doctoral theses
Year: 2014
Language: eng
Abstract: [eng] [cze]
Title: Complexity Theory in Feasible Mathematics Author: Ján Pich Department: Department of Algebra Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Jan Krajíček, DrSc., MAE Abstract: We study the provability of statements and conjectures from Complex- ity Theory in Bounded Arithmetic. First, modulo a hardness assumption, we show that theories weaker in terms of provably total functions than Buss's theory S1 2 cannot prove nk -size circuit lower bounds for SAT formalized as a Σb 2-formula LB(SAT, nk ). In particular, the true universal first-order theory in the language containing names for all uniform NC1 algorithms denoted TNC1 does not prove LB(SAT, n4kc ) where k ≥ 1, c ≥ 2 unless each function f ∈ SIZE(nk ) can be approximated by formulas Fn of subexponential size 2O(n1/c) with subexponential advantage: Px∈{0,1}n [Fn(x) = f(x)] ≥ 1/2 + 1/2O(n1/c) . Unconditionally, V 0 does not prove quasipolynomial nlog n -size circuit lower bounds for SAT. Considering upper bounds, we prove the PCP theorem in Cook's theory PV1. This includes a formalization of the (n, d, λ)-graphs in PV1. A consequence of the result is that Extended Frege proof system admits p-size proofs of tautologies encoding the PCP theorem. Keywords: Circuit Lower Bounds, Bounded Arithmetic, The PCP theorem Skúmame dokázateľnosť tvrdení z teórie zložitosti v obmedzenej aritmetike. Za istých zložitostných predpokladov ukážeme, že teórie so slabšími dosvedčovacími vlastnosťami než $S^1_2$ nemôžu dokázať spodné odhady veľkosti $n^k$ na booleovské obvody pre SAT vyjadrené formulou $LB(SAT,n^k)$. Špeciálne, prvorádová teória pravdivých univerzálnych tvrdení v jazyku obsahujúcom symboly pre všetky uniformné $NC^1$ algoritmy nedokazuje $LB(SAT,n^{4kc})$ pre $k\geq 1,c\geq 2$ predpokladajúc existenciu funkcie $f\in SIZE(n^k)$, ktorá nie je aproximovateľná formulami $F_n$ subexponenciálnej veľkosti $2^{O(n^{1/c})}$ so subexponenciálnou výhodou: $P_{x\in\{0,1\}^n}[F_n(x)=f(x)]\geq 1/2+1/2^{O(n^{1/c})}$. Bezpodmienečne, teória $V^0$ nedokazuje kvazipolynomiálne spodné odhady na booleovské obvody pre SAT. Čo sa týka horných odhadov, dokážeme PCP vetu v Cookovej teórii $PV_1$. To zahŕňa formalizáciu $(n,d,\lambda)$-grafov v $PV_1$. Ako dôsledok dostaneme polynomiálne krátke Extended Frege dôkazy tautologií vyjdadrujúcich PCP vetu. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
Keywords: Bounded Arithmetic; Circuit Lower Bounds; The PCP theorem; booleovské obvody; obmedzená aritmetika; PCP veta

Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses) (web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/69296

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338426


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