Název:
Vliv předchozího zmražení kadáverů na následnou kolonizaci mouchami čeledi Calliphoridae
Překlad názvu:
The effect of previous freezing of cadavers on the following colonization by flies of the family Calliphoridae
Autoři:
Černá, Monika ; Barták, Miroslav (vedoucí práce) ; Olekšáková, Tereza (oponent) Typ dokumentu: Bakalářské práce
Rok:
2017
Jazyk:
cze
Nakladatel: Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze
Abstrakt: [cze][eng] Cílem této práce je shromáždit údaje o vlivu předchozího zmražení kadáveru na jeho následnou kolonizaci hmyzem při volné expozici. Nedílnou součástí práce bude experimentálně vyzkoušet, zda je hmyz, zejména dvoukřídlí, schopný klást vajíčka na substráty, které byly pozměněny mrazem.
Hypotéza: Předchozí zmražení kadáverů zpomaluje následnou kolonizaci mouchami čeledi Calliphoridae.The aim of the thesis was to rally available information and draw up a review of literature data on the topic of how freezing of a carcase or its storage at low temperatures affects its following colonization by insects while open exposition.
Forensic entomology is one of the special and ever-developing field of criminology. It uses a knowledge of the biology, ecology and especially the life cycles of insect, mainly flies and beetles, to assist in the investigation of violent crimes in estimating of post mortem interval (PMI) or determining the cause of death. Insect colonization openly exposed corpses go through 5 to 8 successional waves depending on the surrounding environment. One of the important factors is the temperature which affects the decomposition process, where decomposition processes are longer at lower temperatures and on the contrary at shorter at higher temperatures. Temperature has a similar effect on development of insect, which develops only within the effective temperatures, whose values vary by species.
The study performs an experiment which should verify whether insect is able to oviposit on the frozen carcasses and whether pre-frozen carcasses slow the subsequent colonization by flies of the family Calliphoridae. During the experiments, a total of twelve pieces of domestic fowl (Gallus gallus f. domestica L.), weighing about 1.5 kg, were sacrificed in the same way, and a half of them was frozen before the exposition. Experiment results showed that the percentage of each species in both variants differed. Frozen and fresh cadaveres differed in the total nu mber of individuals (larvae), which developed on them, and the way in which the dead bodies decayed.
Klíčová slova:
Calliphoridae; forenzní entomologie; sukcese; vliv zmražení