Original title: Mobilita anorganických kontaminantů a jejich toxicita v půdních profilech v oblasti hutě Mufulira (Copperbelt, Zambie)
Translated title: Contaminant mobility and toxicity in soil profiles in the Mufulira smelting area (Copperbelt, Zambia)
Authors: Konečný, Ladislav ; Ettler, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Frouz, Jan (referee)
Document type: Master’s theses
Year: 2011
Language: cze
Abstract: [cze] [eng]
i ABSTRAKT Hu v Mufuli e je jedna z n kolika aktivních m ných hutí operujících v Copperbeltu, Zambii. hem jejího tém 70 letého provozu docházelo k vypoušt ní všech plynných a pevných emisí do atmosféry. Ve vzdálenosti 3,6 km, 8 km a 24 km od huti bylo zkoumáno celkem šest p dních profil , z nich se t i nácházely pod korunami strom . Každý profil se setával z 9-10 vrstev p dy, souvisle odebraných od povrchu do hloubky 60-70 cm. U všech vrstev byly ur eny následující fyzikáln - chemické parametry: pH, TC, TS a CEC, dále pak celkové koncentrace Ag, As, Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V a Zn a jejich vyluhovatelnost pomocí EDTA. Celkové koncentrace kov a nekov byly stanoveny pomocí ICP-OES a kvadrupolového ICP-MS, obsah uhlíku a síry termální analýzou a mobilita kov posouzena na základ jejich extrahovatelnosti za pomoci EDTA. Cílem bylo porovnat vertikální distribuce i mobilitu p edevším Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, V, Zn mezi jednotlivými profily. U deseti vybraných vrstev p d (zahrnuje všechny povrchové vrstvy) byl proveden test toxicity, respektive stanovení vlivu látek v nich obsažených na inhibici reprodukce roupic druhu Enchytraeus crypticus. Celkové koncentrace kov v povrchových vrstvách (0-1 cm) se v tšinou zvyšovaly s klesající distancí od hut . Ve vzdálenosti 3,8 km od huti dosahovaly nejvyšších... ii SUMMARY The smelter in Mufulira is one of the several active copper smelters in Copperbelt area in Zambia. It had operated for almost 70 years and during that period all offgas and dust were released into the atmosphere. Six profiles, three of them beneath trees, were sampled in the distances of 3.6, 8 and 24 km from the smelter. Each profile consisted of 9-10 layers collected continuously from the topsoil till depth of 60-70 cm. Following parameters were measured for each layer: pH, TC, TS a CEC, then total concentration of Ag, As, Al, Fe, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V a Zn and extractability by EDTA. The total concentrations of metals/metalloids were measured by ICP-OES and quadrupole- based ICP-MS. TC and TS were determined by thermal analysis and mobility of metals was assessed according to their extractability by EDTA. The aim of this work was to compare vertical distribution and mobility especially of these metals Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, V and Zn among profiles. Finally a standardized toxicity test was performed with ten selected layers (include all top soils) from all profiles. This reproductive test with Enchytraeus crypticus reflected how tested soil samples were suitable for living and reproducing this specimen of invertebrates. Generally the total concentrations of metals decreased in...

Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses) (web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/48411

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-312697


The record appears in these collections:
Universities and colleges > Public universities > Charles University > Charles University Faculties (theses)
Academic theses (ETDs) > Master’s theses