Original title: Prevence nosokomiálních infekcí
Translated title: Prevention of Nosocomial Infections
Authors: Mourud, Heidi Riddervold ; Duška, František (advisor)
Document type: Master’s theses
Year: 2010
Language: eng
Abstract: Nosocomial infection and the importance of its prevention where first recognised by Dr. Ingaz Semmelweis in the 1850s, who discovered the effect of hand washing and disinfectant. Nowadays, nosocomial infections are a common cause of mortality and morbidity affecting 5-10 % of all hospitalised patients. It is further a major economical burden, estimated to cost $ 4,5 billion per year in the USA. The most common diseases occurring in hospitalised patients are urinary tract infections, pnemonia (VAP and HAP), catheter related bloodstream infections, surgical site infections and gastroenteritis. The most frequent and most important causative agents of these infections are Gram positive (Staphylococci, Enterococci) and Gram negatives (Enterobactericae, Pseudomonas, Actinobacter) bacterie. There are different types of patient affected, but in general do they have one or more risk factors. These risk factors include immunocompromised host, prolonged hospital stay, severe underlying ilness, need for frequent medical intervention, prolonged treatment with antibiotica or the presence of invasive device, catheter or endotracheal tube. Previous antibiotic treatment is also a risk because it impairs normal symbiotic bacterial flora and allowing colonisation with multiresistant strains (MDR). Thus, ICU patient are...

Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses) (web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/30027

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-285516


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Universities and colleges > Public universities > Charles University > Charles University Faculties (theses)
Academic theses (ETDs) > Master’s theses