Sekretorická dráha rostlin v obraně před patogeny

Sabol, Peter

Plants are sessile organisms that have to cope with the changes of their ambient environment. These changes include abiotic disturbances and stresses as well as biotic interactions with other organisms. In many of the biotic interactions, plant cells are hurt or damaged by various bacterial and fungal pathogens. Moreover, plants lack mobile immune cells, which would otherwise render them susceptible to most of these pathogens. Plants have, however, developed other mechanisms for suppressing the infection. Activating the components of the secretory pathway during resistance response is crucial step for suppressing the penetration and growth of pathogens. Fungal pathogens, such as powdery mildews, usually attempt to penetrate the cell wall in order to gain the access to protoplast providing nutrients and to exchange their virulence factors. On the other hand, pathogenic bacteria inhabit extracellular spaces of plant tissues. In both cases, however, the deposition of papilla into the plant cell wall was observed. Papilla thus seems to be the common defence mechanism. There is an increasing evidence confirming the indispensable role of polarized secretion in formation of papilla. Recently, SNARE proteins participating in papilla-associated defence have been described. PEN1 and SNAP33 syntaxins are of...

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