Original title: Faktory, na kterých závisí úspěch mobilních staveb pro případy nouze do oblastí zasažených katastrofou
Translated title: Factors that influence the success of emergency houses in the disaster-stricken areas
Authors: Kučerová, Petra
Document type: Papers
Language: cze
Publisher: Akademické nakladatelství CERM
Abstract: [cze] [eng]
V posledních letech se o mobilních stavbách pro případy nouze do oblastí zasažených katastrofou anglicky nazývaných „emergency houses” začíná čím dál tím více mluvit. Zvyšující se počet enviromentálních problémů a světová finanční krize, která od roku 2008 ochromila v některých zemích stavebnictví, vedla k tomu, že zájem o tuto problematiku s morálním dopadem prudce stoupá. Architekti se nejen zapojují do rozvojových či humanitárních misí, ale vyvíjí i vlastní iniciativy. V čem tkví úspěch těchto staveb? Autorem článku jsou zde formulované 4 základní faktory, na kterých závisí úspěšnost mobilních staveb pro případy nouze do oblastí zasažených katastrofou. Těmito faktory jsou transportovatelnost, univerzálnost versus adaptabilita do místa katastrofy, ekonomičnost a vývoj v čase. An increasing number of environmental problems and the global financial crisis that have paralyzed the building industry since 2008 led to the fact that interest in this problem with the moral impact increased rapidly. In the article formulates four basic factors for the success of mobile buildings for emergencies in disaster-stricken areas. These factors are transportability, universality versus adaptability to the place of disaster, economy and development in time. Transportability - the fastest and the most efficient transportation to the destination are considered already in the design stage, resulting into two main proposals. The first proposal is an assembly of many small components; the second proposal is a compact cuboid or cube the interior of which is used as a "container" for important items - food, water, medical supplies… Universality versus adaptability to the point of disaster - since each disaster is unique is not possible to create a universal building and declare it "perfectly" useful for any situation. The proposals aim to create an object that will be able to simply replace some of the parts in order to adapt to different conditions of different climates, characters and ways of life. Economy - despite the large amount of funds in development and humanitarian aid flows, the economy factor is very important. Therefore, the basic principles used are cheap materials or utilization of local raw materials. Evolution in time - judicious placement of temporary shelters the structure of which remains preserved in long-term perspective after replacement of temporary structures. Communication and collaboration between architects and humanitarian organizations is an equally important factor.
Keywords: emergency houses; humanitarian and development aid; mobile house; sustainability; humanitární a rozvojové pomoci; mobilní dům; nouzové domy; udržitelnost
Host item entry: Typologie (n)ostalgie, ISBN 978-80-7204-858-8

Institution: Brno University of Technology (web)
Document availability information: Fulltext is available in the Brno University of Technology Digital Library.
Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/11012/52187

Permalink: http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234868


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