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Disc friction loss in centrifugal pumps and hydraulic turbines
Zemanová, Lucie ; Kozubková, Milada (oponent) ; Sedlář, Milan (oponent) ; Rudolf, Pavel (vedoucí práce)
The thesis deals with an experimental and numerical study of the flow in sidewall gaps of hydraulic machines with a focus on low specific speed pumps. Although the fluid which fills the sidewall gaps represents only a very small portion of the whole volume of the machine, it can have a great impact on the flow in the whole domain. It can significantly influence the behavior, characteristics, and overall performance, especially in the case of low specific speed machines since it determines disk friction. The flow field in sidewall gaps also influences the pressure distribution inside a machine and thus generates axial thrust. The understanding of the flow in these regions is limited since it is based on the theory obtained for simplified geometry and its application in turbomachinery is questionable. In order to investigate the flow in the sidewall gaps of centrifugal pumps, a test rig including a real impeller has been designed and built up. It enabled observation of the flow in the backside wall gap for various operational regimes including optical measurement of velocity profiles, measurement of axial thrust, and frictional torque. A method for precise numerical simulation of such type of flow was developed to help reveal phenomena, which are not observable in the experimental apparatus and to extend the research to a wider range of operating conditions.
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