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Safety of movement in the mountains
Žmolík, Jiří ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Sýkora, Karel (referee)
Title: Safety of movement in the mountains. Objectives: The aim of this work is to point out the risks of movement in the mountain environment, to introduce objective and subjective dangers and to provide recommendations on how to reduce their negative effects. Methods: Literary research. Results: Compilation of an overview of safe behavior when moving in mountains of lower and medium altitudes, created on the basis of a literary search of professional literature. These results serve to inform the general sports population about the principles of safe behavior and imminent danger when moving in the mountains. Keywords: the dangers of the mountain environment, objective dangers, subjective dangers, avalanches, sports activities in the mountains.
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Avalanche monitoring and run-out modelling using GIS
Biskupič, Marek ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Hreško, Juraj (referee) ; Škvarenina, Jaroslav (referee)
Snow avalanches a natural phenomenon typical for snowy winter mountains consist of snow and sometimes of other material (debris, rocks, truncated trees and soil). On first sight they seem to be harmless mass of snow sliding down on a slope. But not they can be disastrous. Despite the snow avalanches event lasts for couple of seconds, they can take human lives, and destroy infrastructure. Until they occur in far and remote places they are not concern. The avalanche run- out has been always an issue. How far avalanches can travel? Is there avalanche activity out there? How large is the avalanche hazard on certain places? Will the avalanche airbag will influence the probability of not being critically buried by an avalanche. These are the question the thesis attempt to solve with the use of GIS, remote sensing and statistical analysis. The aim of the thesis was to find reasonable answers to these questions. The effectiveness of avalanche airbags was first tested by pilot study when the artificial avalanche was triggered and motion of the dummies with different types was recorded. Additional estimation of impact forces, speed and final position of dummies was investigated and modelled (publication 6). The mechanism behind the avalanche airbags - inverse segregation was proofed to work in field test, but how is...
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The morphology of avalanche paths
Krause, David ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
An avalanche path is a landform, that is being modeled by surface snow avalanches, debris flows and other slope processes. It consists of starting zone, track and runout zone. The submitted bachelor thesis is concerned with the characteristics of avalanche paths used in literature and generates their classification. The morphometric GIS analysis is performed in the Eastern High Sudetes. The measured vlaues of 16 avalanche paths from 6 sites are statistically processed and compared. The Sudetic paths are shorter but they have similar slope in comparison with paths in alpine environment. The spatial distribution of avalanche paths is bound to lee parts of the anemo-orographic systems. The aspect is predominantly southeastern, the slope is between 20 and 30ř and the length is usually between 200 and 400 m. The path lenght depends inversely on the slope of the starting zone. There is also a relation between the avalanche path morphology and the area of alpine tundra on the etchplain above the timberline, from where the snow is being blowed to the starting zones. Key words: snow avalanche, morphometry, Eastern High Sudetes, Altvatergebirge, Glatzer Schneeberg
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Comparative analysis of the avalanche situation in the Czech part of the Giant Mountains in the years 2009 - 2013
Němcová, Hana ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Vomáčko, Ladislav (referee)
TitleTitle: Comparative analysis of the avalanche situation in the Czech part of the Giant Mountains in the years 2009 - 2013 Objectives: The objective of this Bachelor thesis is to analyze the avalanche situation in the period 2009 - 2013 and its comparison with theoretical assumptions of the avalanche's origins in the Czech part of the Giant Mountains. Methods: The method that was used in this Bachelor thesis was a Comparative analysis, that combines analysis of the source materials and their subsequent comparison with available theoretical assumptions. Results: The result of this thesis is the finding that snowslides on the Czech part of the Giant Mountains correspond to the theoretical assumptions of avalanche's origins. Keywords: avalanches, Giant Mountains, Comparative analysis, avalanche situation, weather
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Basic summary knowledge of the objective mountains hazards in freeride skiing users
Preininger, Kryštof ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Chrástková, Martina (referee)
Title: Basic summary knowledge of the objective mountain hazards in freeride skiing users. Objectives: The aim of this work is to create an overview of theoretical knowledge of objective mountain hazards for freeride skiing users. Methods: I used the search method, exploration and analysis of the obtained information, which is related to the objective danger of the mountains. Results: The result of this work is to create an overview of the knowledge needed before riding in the open terrain, which should help in the movement in the open terrain and to prevent dangerous situations. Keywords: avalanche, terrain, weather
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Theoretical knowledge of objective mountains hazards in freeride skiing users
Preininger, Kryštof ; Jindra, Matouš (advisor) ; Chrástková, Martina (referee)
Title: Theoretical knowledge of objective mountain hazards in freeride skiing users. Objectives: The aim of this work is to create an overview of theoretical knowledge of objective mountain hazards for freeride skiing users. Methods: I used the search method, exploration and analysis the obtained information, which is related to the objective danger of the mountains. Results: The result of this work is to create an overview of the knowledge needed before riding in the open terrain, which should help in the movement in the open terrain and to prevent dangerous situations. Keywords: avalanche, terrain, weather
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The morphology and activity of selected avalanche paths in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts. and the Králický Sněžník Mts.
Krause, David
The occurrence of avalanche paths is usually frequent in alpine environment, but it is also present in mid-mountains such as the High Sudetes. The submitted master thesis is focused on avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The morphometric analysis of 8 paths was accomplished to determine their characteristics and comparison with statistical verification. The dendrogeomorphological analysis and further geomorphological mapping was performed in 2 selected paths (Sněžná kotlina and Králický Sněžník) to cover their avalanche activity frequency and to find relationship between their activity and morphology. The results of this study show that there is a strong difference between two groups of avalanche paths in the Eastern High Sudetes. The Sněžná kotlina and The Králický Sněžník avalanche paths are longer and narrower than the other paths. They also have higher elevation difference. The comparison of these two paths performed by dendrogeomorphology indicates higher avalanche activity frequency in the Sněžná kotlina path, which was strengthened after strong avalanche event in 2004. It is assumed that the Sněžná kotlina path contains advanced avalanche landform, which is a long gully, probably also affected by debris- flows in the past. On the other hand the Králický Sněžník path is rather less...
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Spatiotemporal analyses of avalanches and their reconstruction by the mean of tree-rings of Norway spruce (\kur{Picea abies}) in the Giant Mountains National Park.
JANDOVÁ, Veronika
Various dendrochronological methods for avalanche reconstructions was applied on tree-ring records of dominant Norway spruce (Picea abies) in the Giant Mountains National Park. The individual growth chronologies from studied avalanche paths (Pramenný důl, Navorská jáma, Pančavská stěna, Velká Studniční jáma and Úpská jáma) proved that climate is the main driving factor of intra-annual variation of tree growth. Traumatic resin ducts are formed with delay up to 5 years. Combination of two and more tree-ring characteristics is suitable for reconstruction of avalanche events. I achieved to reconstruct undocumented avalanches. I conclude that dendrochronology is suitable tool for avalanche reconstruction; however, high pollutant emission highly reduced the potential of gained results.
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Avalanche monitoring and run-out modelling using GIS
Biskupič, Marek ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Hreško, Juraj (referee) ; Škvarenina, Jaroslav (referee)
Snow avalanches a natural phenomenon typical for snowy winter mountains consist of snow and sometimes of other material (debris, rocks, truncated trees and soil). On first sight they seem to be harmless mass of snow sliding down on a slope. But not they can be disastrous. Despite the snow avalanches event lasts for couple of seconds, they can take human lives, and destroy infrastructure. Until they occur in far and remote places they are not concern. The avalanche run- out has been always an issue. How far avalanches can travel? Is there avalanche activity out there? How large is the avalanche hazard on certain places? Will the avalanche airbag will influence the probability of not being critically buried by an avalanche. These are the question the thesis attempt to solve with the use of GIS, remote sensing and statistical analysis. The aim of the thesis was to find reasonable answers to these questions. The effectiveness of avalanche airbags was first tested by pilot study when the artificial avalanche was triggered and motion of the dummies with different types was recorded. Additional estimation of impact forces, speed and final position of dummies was investigated and modelled (publication 6). The mechanism behind the avalanche airbags - inverse segregation was proofed to work in field test, but how is...
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