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Crime in time of emergency
Novotná, Terezie ; Šelleng, Dalibor (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Crime in time of emergency Abstract The subject of this thesis is crime in times of states of emergency declared during the 21st century. The aim of the thesis was to identify the relationship between crime and states of emergency, to present the states of emergency declared in the 21st century and to show their role in the criminal code along with their use in judicial practice. The states of emergency that have been declared can be divided into two categories, namely states of emergency due to natural disasters and states of emergency during the pandemic of the COVID-19 disease. The thesis describes the states of emergency in 2002, 2006 and 2013 that had floods as a cause, the state of emergency during Hurricane Kyrill in 2007 and the states of emergency that were declared in 2020 and 2021 during the pandemic of the COVID-19 disease. The paper also focuses on crime outside of emergencies and there is a comparison with crime during emergencies. Based on police statistics, the evolution of registered crime between 2011 and 2021 is analysed. Subsequently, the focus is on registered crime during times of natural disasters and then during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the Criminal Code, the state of emergency is already found in the three basic facts of criminal offences, and it also occurs as a generally...
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Spillover effect on crime during the COVID-19 lockdowns in the Czech Republic
Vondrášek, Martin ; Mišák, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Schwarz, Jiří (referee)
This thesis seeks to assess the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on crime spill- overs within the context of the Czech Republic. To examine this effect, daily panel data are utilized, revealing that the implementation of COVID-19 mea- sures, such as restriction of free movement, has a significant negative effect on all crime categories, including Violent crimes, Property crimes, Offenses - BESIP, and Other offenses. The Ordinary least squares regression with fixed effects is used as a baseline model. However, due to the presence of spatially lagged dependent variable, a Spatial lag model with fixed effects is adopted to address this issue. Moreover, the analysis includes a z-test, which surprisingly demonstrates a statistically significant increase in the spillover effect in Offenses - BESIP during the COVID-19 period in the Czech Republic.
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Analysis of Migration and Crime: Evidence from the Czech Republic
Kubů, Vít ; Šoltés, Michal (advisor) ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (referee)
This bachelor's thesis studies the impact of the Ukrainian refugee wave in 2022 on the crime rate in the Czech Republic. There are many articles on the effect of migration on crime, but because migration waves differ in many circumstances (motives for migration, migrants' characteristics), it is necessary to examine each migration wave separately. To identify the effect, the thesis relies on geographical variations in migrants' destinations and on a Bartik shift- share instrument to address potential endogeneity concerns. Our findings show a small positive and statistically significant effect of the migration wave on the number of committed overall crimes, property crimes, violent crimes, and misdemeanors. When transformed to the crimes per capita, a more accurate measure of criminal activity, the effect remains statistically significant only for property and a total number of crimes, but the effect is again close enough to zero. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the Ukrainian refugee wave did not lead to a substantial increase in crime. JEL Classification C21, C26, K14, O15 Keywords migration, crime, refugees, regional distribution Title Analysis of Migration and Crime: Evidence from the Czech Republic Author's e-mail 20020339@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail mich.soltes@gmail.com
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Significance of Victimology for the Prevention of Crime
Stejskal, Radek ; Beranová, Andrea (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
The diploma thesis title: Significance of Victimology for the Prevention of Crime The goal of this thesis is to, firstly, give a comprehensive theoretical introduction to victimology and crime prevention. Based on the acquired information then analyse, what is the significance of victimology for the prevention of crime and apply the findings to a specific, endangered group of people with the goal of developing a course of action to prevent their victimization. The next goal is to critically evaluate the state of crime prevention in the Czech Republic and to present possible solutions to found shortcomings. The thesis consists of an introduction, conclusion and 4 chapters. The opening chapter focuses on the theoretical introduction of victimology as a scientific discipline, its main concepts and the historical circumstances of its founding. The author will then introduce the main sources of information for victimology and evaluate the benefits they bring to this discipline. The second chapter describes crime prevention as a whole. The author will discuss the relationship between criminal law and crime prevention and introduce the main types of crime prevention, including their evaluation. The third chapter describes victimological prevention in great detail. After the theoretical introduction of...
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Crime culture of the 1990s and its actor reflection
Zajíčková, Tereza ; Wohlmuth, Petr (advisor) ; Houda, Přemysl (referee)
The thesis aims to interpret the actor's reflection on crime in the 1990s. It will focus on the perception and subjective interpretation of crime, which predictably increased in intensity after the collapse of the socialist regime. This socio-pathological phenomenon, typical of post-communist states, necessarily had an impact on the cultural and social development of the time, which is also reflected in contemporary popular art. The diploma text generally subscribes to the new cultural history and uses oral history as its primary method. The research will use newly acquired oral history narratives from several categories that represent actors in the context of the phenomenon in question - justice, prison, police, etc. In the context of pre-defined contemporary cultural categories, the thesis will attempt to interpret their subjective experience of the phenomenon. Key words: Crime, Criminality, Cultural History, Oral History, ActorReflection
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Corruption issues concerning members of the Police of the Czech Republic
MARYŠKA, Jakub
The aim of the thesis is to characterize the legal, social and criminogenic aspects of corruption, to analyze the state of occurrence of corrupt behavior among members of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region, and to analyze the status and effectiveness of anti-corruption measures adopted by the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region. Within the framework of the theoretical part, the concept of corruption, its forms, methods and development stages are defined. Other concepts related to corruption are also defined. It also describes corruption in the international context and anti-corruption bodies. Within the framework of phenomenology, the work describes the current state, structure and dynamics of criminal acts associated with corruption among members of the Police of the Czech Republic based on secondary data provided by the General Inspectorate of Security Forces. The practical part is based on primary data obtained through a questionnaire survey, which was conducted among members of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region. Eight hypotheses were established as part of the research. Through their verification, it was found out that the rate of corrupt behavior increases with increasing service classification, and that the frequency of the occurrence of corrupt behavior has a decreasing tendency over the last 6 years. The index of corruption of the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region is, as expected, lower than the national index. Most police officers would not tolerate corrupt behavior among their colleagues. According to the assumption, police officers consider education in this area to be important but insufficient. In their opinion, police officers have less knowledge of the issue than was assumed, and roughly only a third of them have encountered incitement to corruption during their practice. The results of the investigation are subsequently interpreted and compared with the stated hypotheses. The contribution of the work is the detection and evaluation of the mentioned issue in the territory of the South Bohemian Region. It will also serve as an information source for organizational articles dealing with anti-corruption measures and education in this area within the Regional Police Directorate of the South Bohemian Region. The work can also be used as an auxiliary study material for university students, for example when studying in the social-legal field.
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Migrace a kriminalita na území České republiky
Blahovská, Jana
This thesis deals with the crime of immigrants in the Czech Republic. The thesis is mainly aimed to evaluate the influence of foreigners in crime with an emphasis on the causes and effects of social and economic areas of the Czech Republic. To meet the needs of milestones and visual comparison of the thesis I have chosen a group of migrants from Ukraine and Vietnam. Especially because of he growing influx of migrants from these two countries. The issue of juvenile migrants is among the topics that should be paid attention in both scientific and practical areas with an emphasis on increasing the number of solved cases falling into crime. Globalization processes, which involve a greater openness of borders and better infrastructure, among other things, help to develop international organized crime, which is closely associated with migration and is a big thread in the area of public safety. The results of this work show that the incentive to emigrate from the motherland are mainly economic reasons and effects of crime can be observed particularly in tax evasion and also the image of public opinion of the Czech Republic on migrants, which is reflected in the integration of migrants.
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Pacifikace favel v Rio de Janeiru
Marková, Natalie Lara
The aim of my bachelor thesis is analyzing implementation of state policies in pacification of shanty towns, in Portuguese known as favelas, located in brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. The introduction of my thesis is dedicated to global urbanisation isssues with accent on developing countries and their connection with poverty. Second part is focused on Latin America as the most urbanised region in the world. I will also outline the history and cause of formation of favelas and their current socio-economical problems. In last part i will analyze the approaches of brazilian authority on BOPE, UPP and UPP Social programs.
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The socioeconomic implications of human trafficking in Ghana
Yorke, Isaac Elliot
Background: Globalization has prompted the decrease and fading of boundaries among nations, thus facilitating the movement of merchandise, administrations, assets, and work. This has escalated transnational violations, for example, human trafficking. Human trafficking has predominantly been based on forced labour, sex work, organ harvesting, and other heinous acts. Prior to international drug smuggling, it has been one of the most lucrative transnational crimes. The continent of Africa is home to a significant fraction of the world’s youth population whose economies are unable to absorb the majority into an active workforce. Thus, this may have an impact on the prevalence of people trafficking in African civilizations. Niger, Burkina Faso, Mali, Nigeria, Gabon, Ghana, Benin, Guinea-Bissau, and Togo are the main human trafficking hotspots, with women and young people being the most susceptible. Objective: The study's objective is to examine the socioeconomic implications of human trafficking in Ghana, with a focus on the Ashanti region's Asokore Mampong district. Method: Using a qualitative cross-sectional approach, the study was carried out in the Ashanti region of Ghana's Asokore Mampong municipal district. The study relied on primary data sources from 42 police and immigration services and the vision organizations in the Asokore Mampong municipality. Interviews were also collected from four families with relatives who have been previous victims of human trafficking. The purposive sampling technique was employed to draft specific respondents who were then interviewed. The snowballing method was used to select families with human trafficking victims. A qualitative procedure was utilized to break down the information using Atlas. ti software. A descriptive method of data analysis was employed in the information presented after the data analysis. Results: The study found that some of the socioeconomic effects of human trafficking in the municipality included loss of income, feeling of embarrassment, property, missing or deceased relatives, and debt. According to the survey, child trafficking and domestic slavery of women in the Gulf States account for 40% and 60%, respectively, of the incidents of human trafficking in the Asokore Mampong municipal region. The primary challenges in the battle against human trafficking among the institutions include the absence or limited logistics for operations, inadequate funds, and insufficient staffing among the police and immigration services. Conclusion: The study has shown that human trafficking is prevalent in the Asokore Mampong municipality. However, the security institutions in the municipality are less equipped to tackle cases of trafficking Keywords: child labour, crime, Gulf state, Human trafficking, migration, socioeconomic, victim,
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